Question 1

Pepsin is a digestive enzyme that

Accepted Answer

A)  is manufactured by the pancreas. 
B)  helps stabilize fat-water emulsions. 
C)  splits maltose into monosaccharides. 
D)  begins the hydrolysis of proteins in the stomach. 
E)  is denatured and rendered inactive in solutions with low pH. 
A)  is manufactured by the pancreas. 
B)  helps stabilize fat-water emulsions. 
C)  splits maltose into monosaccharides. 
D)  begins the hydrolysis of proteins in the stomach. 
E)  is denatured and rendered inactive in solutions with low pH.

Question 2

A group of animals among which a relatively long cecum is likely to be found is the

Accepted Answer

A)  carnivores. 
B)  herbivores. 
C)  autotrophs. 
D)  heterotrophs. 
E)  omnivores. 
A)  carnivores. 
B)  herbivores. 
C)  autotrophs. 
D)  heterotrophs. 
E)  omnivores.

Question 3

Figure 33.2
-Examine the digestive system structures in the figure above. The agents that help emulsify fats are produced in location

Accepted Answer

A)  1. 
B)  2. 
C)  3. 
D)  8. 
E)  9. 
A)  1. 
B)  2. 
C)  3. 
D)  8. 
E)  9.

Question 4

Use the following information to answer the question below.
Mouse mutations can affect an animal's appetite and eating habits. The ob gene codes for a satiety factor, the hormone leptin. The db gene product, the leptin receptor, is required to respond to the satiety factor.
-Imagine that you are a biologist who is attempting to get an accurate measure of an animal's basal metabolic rate. The best time to measure the metabolic rate is when the animal

Accepted Answer

A)  is resting and has not eaten its first meal of the day. 
B)  is resting and has just completed its first meal of the day. 
C)  has recently eaten a sugar-free meal. 
D)  has not consumed any water for at least 48 hours. 
E)  has just completed 30 minutes of vigorous exercise. 
A)  is resting and has not eaten its first meal of the day. 
B)  is resting and has just completed its first meal of the day. 
C)  has recently eaten a sugar-free meal. 
D)  has not consumed any water for at least 48 hours. 
E)  has just completed 30 minutes of vigorous exercise.

Question 5

Animals that migrate great distances would obtain the greatest energetic benefit of storing chemical energy as

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins. 
B)  minerals. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  amino acids. 
E)  fats. 
A)  proteins. 
B)  minerals. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  amino acids. 
E)  fats.

Question 6

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that the

Accepted Answer

A)  processing of fats does not require any digestive enzymes, whereas the processing of carbohydrates does. 
B)  fat absorption occurs in the stomach, whereas carbohydrates are absorbed from the small intestine. 
C)  carbohydrates need to be emulsified before they can be digested, whereas fats do not. 
D)  most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood. 
E)  fats, but not carbohydrates, are digested by bacteria before absorption. 
A)  processing of fats does not require any digestive enzymes, whereas the processing of carbohydrates does. 
B)  fat absorption occurs in the stomach, whereas carbohydrates are absorbed from the small intestine. 
C)  carbohydrates need to be emulsified before they can be digested, whereas fats do not. 
D)  most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood. 
E)  fats, but not carbohydrates, are digested by bacteria before absorption.

Question 7

An advantage of a complete digestive system over a gastrovascular cavity is that the complete system

Accepted Answer

A)  excludes the need for extracellular digestion. 
B)  allows for specialized regions with specialized functions. 
C)  allows digestive enzymes to be more specific. 
D)  allows extensive branching. 
E)  facilitates intracellular digestion. 
A)  excludes the need for extracellular digestion. 
B)  allows for specialized regions with specialized functions. 
C)  allows digestive enzymes to be more specific. 
D)  allows extensive branching. 
E)  facilitates intracellular digestion.

Question 8

Upon activation by stomach acidity, the secretions of the parietal cells

Accepted Answer

A)  initiate the digestion of protein in the stomach. 
B)  initiate the mechanical digestion of lipids in the stomach. 
C)  initiate the chemical digestion of lipids in the stomach. 
D)  include pepsinogen. 
E)  delay digestion until the food arrives in the small intestine. 
A)  initiate the digestion of protein in the stomach. 
B)  initiate the mechanical digestion of lipids in the stomach. 
C)  initiate the chemical digestion of lipids in the stomach. 
D)  include pepsinogen. 
E)  delay digestion until the food arrives in the small intestine.

Question 9

Which pair correctly associates a physiological process with the appropriate vitamin?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood clotting and vitamin C 
B)  normal vision and vitamin A 
C)  synthesis of cell membranes and vitamin D 
D)  protection of skin from cancer and vitamin E 
E)  production of white blood cells and vitamin K 
A)  blood clotting and vitamin C 
B)  normal vision and vitamin A 
C)  synthesis of cell membranes and vitamin D 
D)  protection of skin from cancer and vitamin E 
E)  production of white blood cells and vitamin K

Question 10

The bile salts

Accepted Answer

A)  are enzymes. 
B)  are manufactured by the pancreas. 
C)  emulsify fats in the duodenum. 
D)  increase the efficiency of pepsin action. 
E)  are normally an ingredient of gastric juice. 
A)  are enzymes. 
B)  are manufactured by the pancreas. 
C)  emulsify fats in the duodenum. 
D)  increase the efficiency of pepsin action. 
E)  are normally an ingredient of gastric juice.

Question 11

A general rule relating the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for biosynthesis of cellular components, as well as fuel molecules needed for ATP production, is that the animal should have access to

Accepted Answer

A)  a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet. 
B)  a diet low in lipids and high in protein. 
C)  a low-calorie diet with a large intake of fluids, especially water. 
D)  a diet that matches the "food pyramid" for the species. 
E)  a diet that maximizes vitamins and minerals. 
A)  a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet. 
B)  a diet low in lipids and high in protein. 
C)  a low-calorie diet with a large intake of fluids, especially water. 
D)  a diet that matches the "food pyramid" for the species. 
E)  a diet that maximizes vitamins and minerals.

Question 12

Certain nutrients are considered "essential" in the diets of some animals because

Accepted Answer

A)  only those animals use those nutrients. 
B)  the nutrients are subunits of important polymers. 
C)  these animals are not able to synthesize these nutrients. 
D)  the nutrients are necessary coenzymes. 
E)  only certain foods contain them. 
A)  only those animals use those nutrients. 
B)  the nutrients are subunits of important polymers. 
C)  these animals are not able to synthesize these nutrients. 
D)  the nutrients are necessary coenzymes. 
E)  only certain foods contain them.

Question 13

Earthworms, grasshoppers, and birds all have a

Accepted Answer

A)  gastric cecae. 
B)  larynx. 
C)  crop. 
D)  pharynx. 
E)  epiglottis. 
A)  gastric cecae. 
B)  larynx. 
C)  crop. 
D)  pharynx. 
E)  epiglottis.

Question 14

Digestive secretions with a pH of 2 are characteristic of the

Accepted Answer

A)  small intestine. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  pancreas. 
D)  liver. 
E)  mouth. 
A)  small intestine. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  pancreas. 
D)  liver. 
E)  mouth.

Question 15

Which of the following organs is incorrectly paired with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach-protein digestion 
B)  oral cavity-starch digestion 
C)  large intestine-bile production 
D)  small intestine-nutrient absorption 
E)  pancreas-enzyme production 
A)  stomach-protein digestion 
B)  oral cavity-starch digestion 
C)  large intestine-bile production 
D)  small intestine-nutrient absorption 
E)  pancreas-enzyme production

Question 16

Coprophagy, the nutrition-boosting ingestion of fecal material, is important for the nutritional balance of

Accepted Answer

A)  ruminants such as cows. 
B)  insects and arthropods. 
C)  rabbits and their relatives. 
D)  squirrels and some rodents. 
E)  very large animals, such as elephants. 
A)  ruminants such as cows. 
B)  insects and arthropods. 
C)  rabbits and their relatives. 
D)  squirrels and some rodents. 
E)  very large animals, such as elephants.

Question 17

An enzyme with high activity in an acidic environment is

Accepted Answer

A)  amylase. 
B)  pepsin. 
C)  gastrin. 
D)  trypsin. 
E)  sucrose. 
A)  amylase. 
B)  pepsin. 
C)  gastrin. 
D)  trypsin. 
E)  sucrose.

Question 18

When the beta cells of the pancreas release insulin into the blood,

Accepted Answer

A)  the blood glucose levels rise to a set point and stimulate glucagon release. 
B)  the skeletal muscles and the adipose cells take up glucose at a faster rate. 
C)  the liver catabolizes glycogen. 
D)  the alpha cells of the pancreas release glucose into the blood. 
E)  the kidneys begin gluconeogenesis. 
A)  the blood glucose levels rise to a set point and stimulate glucagon release. 
B)  the skeletal muscles and the adipose cells take up glucose at a faster rate. 
C)  the liver catabolizes glycogen. 
D)  the alpha cells of the pancreas release glucose into the blood. 
E)  the kidneys begin gluconeogenesis.

Question 19

Cattle are able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material because

Accepted Answer

A)  they are autotrophic. 
B)  cattle, like rabbits, re-ingest their feces. 
C)  they manufacture all 15 amino acids out of sugars in the liver. 
D)  cattle saliva has enzymes capable of digesting cellulose. 
E)  they have cellulose-digesting, symbiotic microorganisms in chambers of their stomachs. 
A)  they are autotrophic. 
B)  cattle, like rabbits, re-ingest their feces. 
C)  they manufacture all 15 amino acids out of sugars in the liver. 
D)  cattle saliva has enzymes capable of digesting cellulose. 
E)  they have cellulose-digesting, symbiotic microorganisms in chambers of their stomachs.

Question 20

The large surface area in the gut directly facilitates

Accepted Answer

A)  secretion. 
B)  absorption. 
C)  elimination. 
D)  filtration 
E)  temperature regulation. 
A)  secretion. 
B)  absorption. 
C)  elimination. 
D)  filtration 
E)  temperature regulation.

Exam 33: Animal Nutrition

Pepsin is a digestive enzyme that

A group of animals among which a relatively long cecum is likely to be found is the

Figure 33.2 -Examine the digestive system structures in the figure above. The agents that help emulsify fats are produced in location

Animals that migrate great distances would obtain the greatest energetic benefit of storing chemical energy as

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that the

An advantage of a complete digestive system over a gastrovascular cavity is that the complete system

Upon activation by stomach acidity, the secretions of the parietal cells

Which pair correctly associates a physiological process with the appropriate vitamin?

The bile salts

A general rule relating the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for biosynthesis of cellular components, as well as fuel molecules needed for ATP production, is that the animal should have access to

Certain nutrients are considered "essential" in the diets of some animals because

Earthworms, grasshoppers, and birds all have a

Digestive secretions with a pH of 2 are characteristic of the

Which of the following organs is incorrectly paired with its function?

Coprophagy, the nutrition-boosting ingestion of fecal material, is important for the nutritional balance of

An enzyme with high activity in an acidic environment is

When the beta cells of the pancreas release insulin into the blood,

Cattle are able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material because

The large surface area in the gut directly facilitates

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Species Interactions

Ecosystems and Energy

Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

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