Question 1

Figure 33.2
-Examine the digestive system structures in the figure above. The highest rate of nutrient absorption occurs at location(s)

Accepted Answer

A)  3 only. 
B)  4 only. 
C)  1 and 4. 
D)  3 and 4. 
E)  1, 3, and 4. 
A)  3 only. 
B)  4 only. 
C)  1 and 4. 
D)  3 and 4. 
E)  1, 3, and 4.

Question 2

Use the following table showing the contents of a multivitamin supplement and its percentage of recommended daily values (% DV) to answer the following questions.
   Figure 33.1
-Folic acid supplements are especially important for pregnant women because

Accepted Answer

A)  folic acid supplies vitamins that only pregnant women can use. 
B)  the folic acid is stored in adipose tissue by pregnant women, so supplements are needed to make more available in the circulation. 
C)  the fetus makes high levels of folic acid. 
D)  folic acid deprivation is associated with neural tube abnormalities in a fetus. 
E)  folic acid deprivation is a cause of heart abnormalities in a newborn. 
A)  folic acid supplies vitamins that only pregnant women can use. 
B)  the folic acid is stored in adipose tissue by pregnant women, so supplements are needed to make more available in the circulation. 
C)  the fetus makes high levels of folic acid. 
D)  folic acid deprivation is associated with neural tube abnormalities in a fetus. 
E)  folic acid deprivation is a cause of heart abnormalities in a newborn.

Question 3

For a nondiabetic person, the glucose concentration in this part of the vasculature varies more than in any other part.

Accepted Answer

A)  abdominal artery 
B)  coronary arteries 
C)  pulmonary veins 
D)  hepatic portal vessel 
E)  jugular vein 
A)  abdominal artery 
B)  coronary arteries 
C)  pulmonary veins 
D)  hepatic portal vessel 
E)  jugular vein

Question 4

Because adult lampreys attach onto the surface of large fish for long periods of time to feed on body fluids, they can accomplish nutritional balance without need for a

Accepted Answer

A)  liver. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  intestine. 
D)  stomach. 
E)  gallbladder. 
A)  liver. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  intestine. 
D)  stomach. 
E)  gallbladder.

Question 5

Complex nutrients are digested and then absorbed into the lymph or bloodstream as

Accepted Answer

A)  disaccharides. 
B)  polymers. 
C)  monomers. 
D)  enzymes. 
E)  peptides. 
A)  disaccharides. 
B)  polymers. 
C)  monomers. 
D)  enzymes. 
E)  peptides.

Question 6

Figure 33.2
-Examine the digestive system structures in the figure above. Most of the digestion of fats occurs in section(s)

Accepted Answer

A)  3 only. 
B)  4 only. 
C)  1 and 4. 
D)  3 and 4. 
E)  1, 3, and 4. 
A)  3 only. 
B)  4 only. 
C)  1 and 4. 
D)  3 and 4. 
E)  1, 3, and 4.

Question 7

Hypoglycemia, or low levels of glucose in the blood of a healthy human, is "corrected"

Accepted Answer

A)  by an increase in the secretion of insulin. 
B)  by an increase in the secretion of glucagon. 
C)  by an increase in the secretion of both insulin and glucagon. 
D)  by a decrease in the secretion of both insulin and glucagon. 
E)  by an increase in the secretion of thyroid hormones. 
A)  by an increase in the secretion of insulin. 
B)  by an increase in the secretion of glucagon. 
C)  by an increase in the secretion of both insulin and glucagon. 
D)  by a decrease in the secretion of both insulin and glucagon. 
E)  by an increase in the secretion of thyroid hormones.

Question 8

Use the following table showing the contents of a multivitamin supplement and its percentage of recommended daily values (% DV) to answer the following questions.
   Figure 33.1
-The most likely reason that some of the vitamins and minerals in this supplement are found at less than 100% is

Accepted Answer

A)  that it would be chemically impossible to add more. 
B)  these vitamins and minerals are too large in size to reach 100%. 
C)  it is too easy to overdose on minerals such as phosphorus and calcium. 
D)  it is dangerous to overdose on fat-soluble vitamins such as A and K. 
E)  these supplements are meant for those who have been deprived of healthy foods. 
A)  that it would be chemically impossible to add more. 
B)  these vitamins and minerals are too large in size to reach 100%. 
C)  it is too easy to overdose on minerals such as phosphorus and calcium. 
D)  it is dangerous to overdose on fat-soluble vitamins such as A and K. 
E)  these supplements are meant for those who have been deprived of healthy foods.

Question 9

After ingestion by humans, the first category of macromolecules to be chemically digested by enzymes in the mouth is

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins. 
B)  carbohydrates. 
C)  cholesterol and other lipids. 
D)  nucleic acids. 
E)  minerals. 
A)  proteins. 
B)  carbohydrates. 
C)  cholesterol and other lipids. 
D)  nucleic acids. 
E)  minerals.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a major activity of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanical digestion 
B)  HCl secretion 
C)  mucus secretion 
D)  nutrient absorption 
E)  enzyme secretion 
A)  mechanical digestion 
B)  HCl secretion 
C)  mucus secretion 
D)  nutrient absorption 
E)  enzyme secretion

Question 11

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids; both digestive processes

Accepted Answer

A)  are catalyzed by the same enzyme. 
B)  are excludible intracellular processes in most organisms. 
C)  add a water molecule to break bonds (hydrolysis). 
D)  require the presence of hydrochloric acid to lower the pH. 
E)  require ATP as an energy source. 
A)  are catalyzed by the same enzyme. 
B)  are excludible intracellular processes in most organisms. 
C)  add a water molecule to break bonds (hydrolysis). 
D)  require the presence of hydrochloric acid to lower the pH. 
E)  require ATP as an energy source.

Question 12

The fat-soluble vitamins include

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A. 
B)  vitamin B12. 
C)  vitamin C. 
D)  iodine. 
E)  calcium. 
A)  vitamin A. 
B)  vitamin B12. 
C)  vitamin C. 
D)  iodine. 
E)  calcium.

Question 13

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids; both digestive processes

Accepted Answer

A)  are catalyzed by the same enzyme. 
B)  occur inside cells in most animals. 
C)  add a water molecule to break bonds. 
D)  require a low pH resulting from HCl production. 
E)  consume ATP. 
A)  are catalyzed by the same enzyme. 
B)  occur inside cells in most animals. 
C)  add a water molecule to break bonds. 
D)  require a low pH resulting from HCl production. 
E)  consume ATP.

Question 14

An enlarged cecum is typical of

Accepted Answer

A)  rabbits, horses, and herbivorous bears. 
B)  carnivorous animals. 
C)  tubeworms that digest via symbionts. 
D)  humans and other primates. 
E)  tapeworms and other intestinal parasites. 
A)  rabbits, horses, and herbivorous bears. 
B)  carnivorous animals. 
C)  tubeworms that digest via symbionts. 
D)  humans and other primates. 
E)  tapeworms and other intestinal parasites.

Question 15

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the

Accepted Answer

A)  large intestine. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  pharynx. 
D)  rectum. 
E)  gastrovascular cavity. 
A)  large intestine. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  pharynx. 
D)  rectum. 
E)  gastrovascular cavity.

Question 16

Obesity in humans is most clearly linked to

Accepted Answer

A)  type 1 diabetes and prostate cancer. 
B)  type 1 diabetes and breast cancer. 
C)  type 2 diabetes and muscle hypertrophy. 
D)  type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. 
E)  type 2 diabetes and decreased appetite. 
A)  type 1 diabetes and prostate cancer. 
B)  type 1 diabetes and breast cancer. 
C)  type 2 diabetes and muscle hypertrophy. 
D)  type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. 
E)  type 2 diabetes and decreased appetite.

Question 17

To maintain adequate nutrition, animals require dietary access to certain amino acids. An amino acid that is referred to as "nonessential" would be best described as one that

Accepted Answer

A)  can be made by the animal's body from other substances. 
B)  is not used by the animal in biosynthesis. 
C)  must be ingested in the diet. 
D)  is not readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. 
E)  is not found in many proteins. 
A)  can be made by the animal's body from other substances. 
B)  is not used by the animal in biosynthesis. 
C)  must be ingested in the diet. 
D)  is not readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. 
E)  is not found in many proteins.

Question 18

Glandular secretions that are released initially as inactive precursors of digestive enzymes are the

Accepted Answer

A)  protein-digesting enzymes. 
B)  fat-solubilizing bile salts. 
C)  acid-neutralizing bicarbonate. 
D)  carbohydrate-digesting enzymes. 
E)  hormones such as gastrin. 
A)  protein-digesting enzymes. 
B)  fat-solubilizing bile salts. 
C)  acid-neutralizing bicarbonate. 
D)  carbohydrate-digesting enzymes. 
E)  hormones such as gastrin.

Question 19

After eating a carbohydrate-rich meal, the mammalian pancreas increases its secretion of

Accepted Answer

A)  ecdysteroid. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  thyroxine. 
D)  oxytocin. 
E)  insulin. 
A)  ecdysteroid. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  thyroxine. 
D)  oxytocin. 
E)  insulin.

Question 20

The cells that secrete the acidic components of stomach juices are

Accepted Answer

A)  the chief cells of the stomach. 
B)  the parietal cells of the stomach. 
C)  not needed for the transformation of pepsinogen to pepsin. 
D)  in the lumen of the stomach. 
E)  adding secretions along the esophagus. 
A)  the chief cells of the stomach. 
B)  the parietal cells of the stomach. 
C)  not needed for the transformation of pepsinogen to pepsin. 
D)  in the lumen of the stomach. 
E)  adding secretions along the esophagus.

Exam 33: Animal Nutrition

Figure 33.2 -Examine the digestive system structures in the figure above. The highest rate of nutrient absorption occurs at location(s)

Use the following table showing the contents of a multivitamin supplement and its percentage of recommended daily values (% DV) to answer the following questions. Figure 33.1 -Folic acid supplements are especially important for pregnant women because

For a nondiabetic person, the glucose concentration in this part of the vasculature varies more than in any other part.

Because adult lampreys attach onto the surface of large fish for long periods of time to feed on body fluids, they can accomplish nutritional balance without need for a

Complex nutrients are digested and then absorbed into the lymph or bloodstream as

Figure 33.2 -Examine the digestive system structures in the figure above. Most of the digestion of fats occurs in section(s)

Hypoglycemia, or low levels of glucose in the blood of a healthy human, is "corrected"

Use the following table showing the contents of a multivitamin supplement and its percentage of recommended daily values (% DV) to answer the following questions. Figure 33.1 -The most likely reason that some of the vitamins and minerals in this supplement are found at less than 100% is

After ingestion by humans, the first category of macromolecules to be chemically digested by enzymes in the mouth is

Which of the following is not a major activity of the stomach?

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids; both digestive processes

The fat-soluble vitamins include

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids; both digestive processes

An enlarged cecum is typical of

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the

Obesity in humans is most clearly linked to

To maintain adequate nutrition, animals require dietary access to certain amino acids. An amino acid that is referred to as "nonessential" would be best described as one that

Glandular secretions that are released initially as inactive precursors of digestive enzymes are the

After eating a carbohydrate-rich meal, the mammalian pancreas increases its secretion of

The cells that secrete the acidic components of stomach juices are

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Species Interactions

Ecosystems and Energy

Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

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