Question 1

If you ate a 100% plant-based (vegan) diet, what molecule would you never eat?

Accepted Answer

A)  starch 
B)  cellulose 
C)  cholesterol 
D)  phospholipids 
A)  starch 
B)  cellulose 
C)  cholesterol 
D)  phospholipids

Question 2

Which of the following statements about hydrocarbons is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrocarbons are inorganic compounds. 
B)  Hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. 
C)  Hydrocarbons consist of atoms linked by single or double bonds. 
D)  Hydrocarbons can form straight, branched, or ringed structures. 
A)  Hydrocarbons are inorganic compounds. 
B)  Hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. 
C)  Hydrocarbons consist of atoms linked by single or double bonds. 
D)  Hydrocarbons can form straight, branched, or ringed structures.

Question 3

These two molecules are structural isomers. What is the difference between them?

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of carbon atoms 
B)  the number of hydrogen atoms 
C)  the location of a double-bonded oxygen atom 
D)  Only one of them has a double bond between carbon atoms. 
A)  the number of carbon atoms 
B)  the number of hydrogen atoms 
C)  the location of a double-bonded oxygen atom 
D)  Only one of them has a double bond between carbon atoms.

Question 4

If you were to add olive oil to your food as part of a diet to lower your risk of heart disease, you would use olive oil that

Accepted Answer

A)  is liquid at room temperature. 
B)  is hydrogenated. 
C)  is modified to be solid at room temperature. 
D)  has lard added to it. 
A)  is liquid at room temperature. 
B)  is hydrogenated. 
C)  is modified to be solid at room temperature. 
D)  has lard added to it.

Question 5

Which of the following organisms contain the polysaccharide chitin?

Accepted Answer

A)  animals and plants 
B)  plants and bacteria 
C)  fungi and insects 
D)  insects and plants 
A)  animals and plants 
B)  plants and bacteria 
C)  fungi and insects 
D)  insects and plants

Question 6

An oil may be converted into a substance that is solid at room temperature by

Accepted Answer

A)  adding hydrogens, decreasing the number of double bonds in the molecules. 
B)  removing water, causing a dehydration reaction to occur. 
C)  removing hydrogens, increasing the number of double bonds in the molecules. 
D)  cooling it, so that double bonds form and the fats solidify. 
A)  adding hydrogens, decreasing the number of double bonds in the molecules. 
B)  removing water, causing a dehydration reaction to occur. 
C)  removing hydrogens, increasing the number of double bonds in the molecules. 
D)  cooling it, so that double bonds form and the fats solidify.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about anabolic steroids is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They cause a general buildup of muscle mass. 
B)  They often cause the body to reduce its normal output of sex hormones. 
C)  They promote bone growth. 
D)  They can stimulate mood swings and violent behavior. 
A)  They cause a general buildup of muscle mass. 
B)  They often cause the body to reduce its normal output of sex hormones. 
C)  They promote bone growth. 
D)  They can stimulate mood swings and violent behavior.

Question 8

You're the manager of a factory that produces enzyme-washed blue jeans (the enzymes lighten the color of the denim, giving a "faded" appearance). When the most recent batch of fabric came out of the enzyme wash, however, the color wasn't light enough to meet your standards. Your quality control laboratory wants to do some tests to determine why the wash enzymes didn't perform as expected.
-Which hypothesis is most likely to be productive for their initial investigation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The nucleotide chain of the enzymes may be incorrectly formed. 
B)  The dye in the fabric may have hydrolyzed the fatty acids in the enzymes. 
C)  The three-dimensional structure of the proteins may have been altered. 
D)  There may not have been enough phospholipids for the volume of fabric. 
A)  The nucleotide chain of the enzymes may be incorrectly formed. 
B)  The dye in the fabric may have hydrolyzed the fatty acids in the enzymes. 
C)  The three-dimensional structure of the proteins may have been altered. 
D)  There may not have been enough phospholipids for the volume of fabric.

Question 9

The molecular formula of most monosaccharides represents a multiple of

Accepted Answer

A)  CH3O. 
B)  CH2O. 
C)  CHO. 
D)  CHO2. 
A)  CH3O. 
B)  CH2O. 
C)  CHO. 
D)  CHO2.

Question 10

How are genes used by cells to build proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  The genes in DNA direct the synthesis of an RNA molecule, which is used to build a protein. 
B)  The genes in RNA direct the synthesis of a DNA molecule, which is used to build a protein. 
C)  DNA is transcribed into an amino acid sequence. 
D)  The genes in RNA direct the synthesis of proteins directly. 
A)  The genes in DNA direct the synthesis of an RNA molecule, which is used to build a protein. 
B)  The genes in RNA direct the synthesis of a DNA molecule, which is used to build a protein. 
C)  DNA is transcribed into an amino acid sequence. 
D)  The genes in RNA direct the synthesis of proteins directly.

Question 11

A disaccharide forms when

Accepted Answer

A)  two monosaccharides join by dehydration reactions. 
B)  two starches join by dehydration reactions. 
C)  two monosaccharides join by hydrolysis. 
D)  two starches join by hydrolysis. 
A)  two monosaccharides join by dehydration reactions. 
B)  two starches join by dehydration reactions. 
C)  two monosaccharides join by hydrolysis. 
D)  two starches join by hydrolysis.

Question 12

Sucrose is formed

Accepted Answer

A)  from two glucose molecules. 
B)  from two monosaccharides through dehydration reactions. 
C)  when ionic bonds link two monosaccharides. 
D)  when glucose and lactose are combined. 
A)  from two glucose molecules. 
B)  from two monosaccharides through dehydration reactions. 
C)  when ionic bonds link two monosaccharides. 
D)  when glucose and lactose are combined.

Question 13

Peptide bonds

Accepted Answer

A)  are used to form amino acids. 
B)  form between fatty acids. 
C)  are formed by a hydrolysis reaction. 
D)  link amino acids. 
A)  are used to form amino acids. 
B)  form between fatty acids. 
C)  are formed by a hydrolysis reaction. 
D)  link amino acids.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the functional groups of organic compounds is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Functional groups may help make organic compounds hydrophilic. 
B)  Many biological molecules have two or more functional groups. 
C)  Functional groups participate in chemical reactions. 
D)  All functional groups include a carbon atom. 
A)  Functional groups may help make organic compounds hydrophilic. 
B)  Many biological molecules have two or more functional groups. 
C)  Functional groups participate in chemical reactions. 
D)  All functional groups include a carbon atom.

Question 15

How are these two amino acids attached?

Accepted Answer

A)  amino group to amino group 
B)  amino group to carboxyl group 
C)  carboxylic acid group to carboxyl group 
D)  through a hydrolysis reaction 
A)  amino group to amino group 
B)  amino group to carboxyl group 
C)  carboxylic acid group to carboxyl group 
D)  through a hydrolysis reaction

Question 16

Glucose molecules are to starch as ________ are to proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  oils 
B)  amino acids 
C)  fatty acids 
D)  monosaccharides 
A)  oils 
B)  amino acids 
C)  fatty acids 
D)  monosaccharides

Question 17

Your first big biology exam is coming up in a few days, and in order to prepare for late-night study sessions, you buy a box of Yummies, a delicious type of snack cake. After checking out the nutrition facts label on the side of the box, you discover that a single Yummie cake contains 4.5 grams of total fat, 27 grams of carbohydrate, 0 grams of fiber, and 1 gram of protein.
-The pH of the stomach is extremely acidic (~ pH 2). If you ate a Yummie cake, what do you think would happen to the protein that you ingested as it passes through the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  The protein would become denatured due to the acidic environment. 
B)  The protein would form longer proteins via dehydration reactions. 
C)  The protein would speed up digestion because it is an enzyme. 
D)  The protein would get broken down via dehydration reactions. 
A)  The protein would become denatured due to the acidic environment. 
B)  The protein would form longer proteins via dehydration reactions. 
C)  The protein would speed up digestion because it is an enzyme. 
D)  The protein would get broken down via dehydration reactions.

Question 18

Proteins differ from one another because

Accepted Answer

A)  the peptide bonds linking amino acids differ from protein to protein. 
B)  the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain differs from protein to protein. 
C)  each protein contains its own unique sequence of sugar molecules. 
D)  the number of nucleotides found in each protein varies from molecule to molecule. 
A)  the peptide bonds linking amino acids differ from protein to protein. 
B)  the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain differs from protein to protein. 
C)  each protein contains its own unique sequence of sugar molecules. 
D)  the number of nucleotides found in each protein varies from molecule to molecule.

Question 19

You have a cup of vegetable oil and a vial full of normal phospholipids. What would you predict would happen if you dropped the phospholipids into the cup of vegetable oil?

Accepted Answer

A)  The phospholipids would form a sphere with the heads on the inside. 
B)  The phospholipids would form a sphere with the tails on the inside. 
C)  The phospholipids would float on the surface of the oil with the tails in the air. 
D)  The phospholipids would float on the surface of the oil with the heads in the air. 
A)  The phospholipids would form a sphere with the heads on the inside. 
B)  The phospholipids would form a sphere with the tails on the inside. 
C)  The phospholipids would float on the surface of the oil with the tails in the air. 
D)  The phospholipids would float on the surface of the oil with the heads in the air.

Question 20

A molecule with the formula C55H110O55 is probably a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  oil. 
B)  steroid. 
C)  protein. 
D)  polysaccharide. 
A)  oil. 
B)  steroid. 
C)  protein. 
D)  polysaccharide.

Exam 3: The Molecules of Cells

If you ate a 100% plant-based (vegan) diet, what molecule would you never eat?

Which of the following statements about hydrocarbons is false?

These two molecules are structural isomers. What is the difference between them?

If you were to add olive oil to your food as part of a diet to lower your risk of heart disease, you would use olive oil that

Which of the following organisms contain the polysaccharide chitin?

An oil may be converted into a substance that is solid at room temperature by

Which of the following statements about anabolic steroids is false?

The molecular formula of most monosaccharides represents a multiple of

How are genes used by cells to build proteins?

A disaccharide forms when

Sucrose is formed

Peptide bonds

Which of the following statements about the functional groups of organic compounds is false?

How are these two amino acids attached?

Glucose molecules are to starch as ________ are to proteins.

Proteins differ from one another because

You have a cup of vegetable oil and a vial full of normal phospholipids. What would you predict would happen if you dropped the phospholipids into the cup of vegetable oil?

A molecule with the formula C55H110O55 is probably a(n)

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

The Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

The Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

The Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

Filters

A molecule with the formula C₅₅H₁₁₀O₅₅ is probably a(n)