Exam 32: Plant Nutrition and Transport

The corporation Bayer produces an herbicide called Liberty and the LibertyLink soybean, a genetically modified soybean that is resistant to this herbicide. The genetic modification allows soybeans to produce a protein that is able to destroy the Liberty herbicide. Thus, when a farmer sprays the Liberty herbicide on a weed-infested field of LibertyLink soybeans, only susceptible weeds, and not the farmer's soybean crop, die. One weed that farmers would like to get rid of is dodder (Cuscuta pentagona) a plant that uses chemical cues to find other plants such as soybeans. When a soybean plant is found, dodder wraps its leafless stems around the soybean and uses modified roots to tap into the soybean's vascular system. Because of the physical connection between a soybean plant and dodder, scientists hypothesized that dodder could obtain substances from the soybean plant other than nutrients, sugar, and water. They predicted that dodder would be able to gain the protein that destroys the Liberty herbicide. They tested this hypothesis by growing dodder on LibertyLinksoybeans and then applying the Liberty herbicide to see if the dodder would die. Their results are displayed in the table. Concentration of Herbicide (/) Treatment 0 0.36 0.72 3.6 Dodder on LibertyLink soybean Survived Survived Survived Died Dodder on normal soybean Survived Died Died Died Source: Adapted from Jiang, L., Qu, F., Li, Z., & Doohan, D. (2013). Inter‐species protein trafficking endows dodder (Cuscuta pentagona) with a host‐specific herbicide‐tolerant trait. New Phytologist, 198(4), 1017-1022. -An alternative hypothesis to the translocation of the protein from the soybean to dodder is that the herbicide is translocated from the dodder to the soybean, and then the herbicide is destroyed in the soybean. What experimental results would rule out this alternative hypothesis?

For water transport in vascular plants, the cohesive property of water is most important in the

The corporation Bayer produces an herbicide called Liberty and the LibertyLink soybean, a genetically modified soybean that is resistant to this herbicide. The genetic modification allows soybeans to produce a protein that is able to destroy the Liberty herbicide. Thus, when a farmer sprays the Liberty herbicide on a weed-infested field of LibertyLink soybeans, only susceptible weeds, and not the farmer's soybean crop, die. One weed that farmers would like to get rid of is dodder (Cuscuta pentagona) a plant that uses chemical cues to find other plants such as soybeans. When a soybean plant is found, dodder wraps its leafless stems around the soybean and uses modified roots to tap into the soybean's vascular system. Because of the physical connection between a soybean plant and dodder, scientists hypothesized that dodder could obtain substances from the soybean plant other than nutrients, sugar, and water. They predicted that dodder would be able to gain the protein that destroys the Liberty herbicide. They tested this hypothesis by growing dodder on LibertyLinksoybeans and then applying the Liberty herbicide to see if the dodder would die. Their results are displayed in the table. Concentration of Herbicide (/) Treatment 0 0.36 0.72 3.6 Dodder on LibertyLink soybean Survived Survived Survived Died Dodder on normal soybean Survived Died Died Died Source: Adapted from Jiang, L., Qu, F., Li, Z., & Doohan, D. (2013). Inter‐species protein trafficking endows dodder (Cuscuta pentagona) with a host‐specific herbicide‐tolerant trait. New Phytologist, 198(4), 1017-1022. -Can the scientists conclude that the protein that destroys the herbicide is transferred to dodder from the soybean plant?

"Smart" plants can reduce overuse of fertilizers by

Plants are sometimes used for phytoremediation in areas where the soil has been contaminated with heavy metals. Suppose the Acme Remediation Company is proposing to remediate a contaminated area that you wish to restore. Acme presents you with the following data as evidence of their company's ability to remediate soil. -According to the data, this remediation plan is most effective with which element?

Which option best describes the mechanism that causes a stoma to open?

The term carnivorous as applied to carnivorous plants is not considered accurate by some biologists because

________ increase the surface area of roots.

Which list shows the set of plant macronutrients that make up about 98% of a plant's dry weight?