Exam 32: Plant Nutrition and Transport

What form of nitrogen can most plants absorb and use directly?

Carnivorous plants are more likely to be found in acid bogs because

-Under what circumstances would guard cells look like those in the right panel?

Legumes, such as beans or peas

Which condition would be most likely to cause stomata to open?

Carnivory in plants is primarily an adaptation for

Nitrogen fixation consists of the

The corporation Bayer produces an herbicide called Liberty and the LibertyLink soybean, a genetically modified soybean that is resistant to this herbicide. The genetic modification allows soybeans to produce a protein that is able to destroy the Liberty herbicide. Thus, when a farmer sprays the Liberty herbicide on a weed-infested field of LibertyLink soybeans, only susceptible weeds, and not the farmer's soybean crop, die. One weed that farmers would like to get rid of is dodder (Cuscuta pentagona) a plant that uses chemical cues to find other plants such as soybeans. When a soybean plant is found, dodder wraps its leafless stems around the soybean and uses modified roots to tap into the soybean's vascular system. Because of the physical connection between a soybean plant and dodder, scientists hypothesized that dodder could obtain substances from the soybean plant other than nutrients, sugar, and water. They predicted that dodder would be able to gain the protein that destroys the Liberty herbicide. They tested this hypothesis by growing dodder on LibertyLinksoybeans and then applying the Liberty herbicide to see if the dodder would die. Their results are displayed in the table. Concentration of Herbicide (/) Treatment 0 0.36 0.72 3.6 Dodder on LibertyLink soybean Survived Survived Survived Died Dodder on normal soybean Survived Died Died Died Source: Adapted from Jiang, L., Qu, F., Li, Z., & Doohan, D. (2013). Inter‐species protein trafficking endows dodder (Cuscuta pentagona) with a host‐specific herbicide‐tolerant trait. New Phytologist, 198(4), 1017-1022. -The modified roots of dodder grow into the stem of the host plant and into the host's xylem and phloem. Considering that water transport works the same in dodder as it does in other plants, trace the path of a single water molecule. Which list correctly orders the water molecule's path?

A small seed may grow into a very large tree. As the tree grows, it adds a great deal of mass. Where does most of this mass come from?

Legumes are frequently grown in rotation with primary field crops. What is the benefit of this practice?

Under which weather condition would transpiration be most rapid?

What force is responsible for the cohesiveness of water?

Which nitrogen-phosphorous-potassium ratio in a fertilizer would most likely solve the problem of yellowed leaves and stunted growth?

The relationship between a plant and mycorrhizal fungi is best described as

Plants are sometimes used for phytoremediation in areas where the soil has been contaminated with heavy metals. Suppose the Acme Remediation Company is proposing to remediate a contaminated area that you wish to restore. Acme presents you with the following data as evidence of their company's ability to remediate soil. -What likely caused the loss of metals in the control soil?

The corporation Bayer produces an herbicide called Liberty and the LibertyLink soybean, a genetically modified soybean that is resistant to this herbicide. The genetic modification allows soybeans to produce a protein that is able to destroy the Liberty herbicide. Thus, when a farmer sprays the Liberty herbicide on a weed-infested field of LibertyLink soybeans, only susceptible weeds, and not the farmer's soybean crop, die. One weed that farmers would like to get rid of is dodder (Cuscuta pentagona) a plant that uses chemical cues to find other plants such as soybeans. When a soybean plant is found, dodder wraps its leafless stems around the soybean and uses modified roots to tap into the soybean's vascular system. Because of the physical connection between a soybean plant and dodder, scientists hypothesized that dodder could obtain substances from the soybean plant other than nutrients, sugar, and water. They predicted that dodder would be able to gain the protein that destroys the Liberty herbicide. They tested this hypothesis by growing dodder on LibertyLinksoybeans and then applying the Liberty herbicide to see if the dodder would die. Their results are displayed in the table. Concentration of Herbicide (/) Treatment 0 0.36 0.72 3.6 Dodder on LibertyLink soybean Survived Survived Survived Died Dodder on normal soybean Survived Died Died Died Source: Adapted from Jiang, L., Qu, F., Li, Z., & Doohan, D. (2013). Inter‐species protein trafficking endows dodder (Cuscuta pentagona) with a host‐specific herbicide‐tolerant trait. New Phytologist, 198(4), 1017-1022. -With respect to translocation of sugars, a rapidly growing dodder plant is a ________ and the soybean plant is a ________.

Which of the following are important in breaking down organic material in fertile topsoil?

How do sugars move from one sieve-tube cell to the next?

How do mineral ions get into the xylem cells of a plant root by way of the intracellular route?

According to this figure, what can directly use atmospheric N₂?