Question 1

Which of the following are products of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen and carbon dioxide 
B)  energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide and water 
C)  oxygen and glucose 
D)  oxygen and energy to make ATP 
A)  oxygen and carbon dioxide 
B)  energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide and water 
C)  oxygen and glucose 
D)  oxygen and energy to make ATP

Question 2

Most bats are inactive during the day (this is known as torpor) and feed during the night. The graph below shows hypothetical data for a bat species.
  
-Bats contain brown fat between their shoulder blades. How could this brown fat be an adaptation to torpor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brown fat has many mitochondria, so it can produce more ATP. 
B)  Brown fat can produce heat and ATP through fermentation. 
C)  The mitochondria in brown fat can produce heat without making ATP. 
D)  It is not an adaptation; white fat is what they need to produce heat. 
A)  Brown fat has many mitochondria, so it can produce more ATP. 
B)  Brown fat can produce heat and ATP through fermentation. 
C)  The mitochondria in brown fat can produce heat without making ATP. 
D)  It is not an adaptation; white fat is what they need to produce heat.

Question 3

Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  the citric acid cycle 
B)  oxidative phosphorylation 
C)  glycolysis 
D)  electron transport chain 
A)  the citric acid cycle 
B)  oxidative phosphorylation 
C)  glycolysis 
D)  electron transport chain

Question 4

Humans use the calories they obtain from ________ as their source of energy.

Accepted Answer

A)  food 
B)  water 
C)  sunlight 
D)  minerals 
A)  food 
B)  water 
C)  sunlight 
D)  minerals

Question 5

In fermentation, ________ is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH; reduced 
B)  NAD+; oxidized 
C)  NADH; oxidized 
D)  ethanol; oxidized 
A)  NADH; reduced 
B)  NAD+; oxidized 
C)  NADH; oxidized 
D)  ethanol; oxidized

Question 6

Most bats are inactive during the day (this is known as torpor) and feed during the night. The graph below shows hypothetical data for a bat species.
  
-Why does the relationship between metabolic rate and temperature exist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cellular respiration requires organisms to take in heat energy. 
B)  A by-product of cellular respiration is heat. 
C)  Cellular respiration causes the body to cool because all the energy is used to make ATP. 
A)  Cellular respiration requires organisms to take in heat energy. 
B)  A by-product of cellular respiration is heat. 
C)  Cellular respiration causes the body to cool because all the energy is used to make ATP.

Question 7

A friend tells you that he is going on a low-carb diet to lose weight because he thinks that carbs contain more energy than fats or protein. What would you tell your friend about his plan?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is a good idea because sugars enter the fuel breakdown pathway earlier than other food molecules. 
B)  This is a good idea because sugars have more electrons than fats and protein. 
C)  This is a bad idea because fats contain more hydrogen atoms than carbohydrates and protein. 
D)  This is a bad idea because all food molecules store the same amount of energy. 
A)  This is a good idea because sugars enter the fuel breakdown pathway earlier than other food molecules. 
B)  This is a good idea because sugars have more electrons than fats and protein. 
C)  This is a bad idea because fats contain more hydrogen atoms than carbohydrates and protein. 
D)  This is a bad idea because all food molecules store the same amount of energy.

Question 8

During cellular respiration, energy in glucose

Accepted Answer

A)  becomes stored in molecules of ammonia. 
B)  is used to manufacture glucose. 
C)  is released all at once. 
D)  is carried by electrons. 
A)  becomes stored in molecules of ammonia. 
B)  is used to manufacture glucose. 
C)  is released all at once. 
D)  is carried by electrons.

Question 9

Wood frogs freeze solid during the winter and then thaw in the spring. As the freezing progresses, blood circulation stops. How would you expect cells not being served by the circulatory system to produce ATP during this time, and what by-product would you expect to build up in the cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobic respiration and CO2 
B)  fermentation and lactate 
C)  fermentation and alcohol 
D)  photosynthesis and O2 
A)  aerobic respiration and CO2 
B)  fermentation and lactate 
C)  fermentation and alcohol 
D)  photosynthesis and O2

Question 10

A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from skeletal muscle cells. However, the muscles still function. Physicians find that the

Accepted Answer

A)  muscles contain large amounts of lactate following even mild physical exercise. 
B)  muscles contain large amounts of carbon dioxide following even mild physical exercise. 
C)  muscles require extremely high levels of oxygen to function. 
D)  muscle cells cannot split glucose to pyruvate. 
A)  muscles contain large amounts of lactate following even mild physical exercise. 
B)  muscles contain large amounts of carbon dioxide following even mild physical exercise. 
C)  muscles require extremely high levels of oxygen to function. 
D)  muscle cells cannot split glucose to pyruvate.

Question 11

Rotenone is a poison commonly added to insecticides. Rotenone binds tightly with one of the electron carrier molecules in the electron transport chain, preventing electrons from passing to the next carrier molecule. Insects exposed to rotenone will die because

Accepted Answer

A)  they will no longer be able to perform anaerobic respiration. 
B)  high levels of fermentation products will build up in their bodies. 
C)  they will no longer be able to produce adequate amounts of ATP. 
D)  they will no longer be able to absorb water and will become dehydrated. 
A)  they will no longer be able to perform anaerobic respiration. 
B)  high levels of fermentation products will build up in their bodies. 
C)  they will no longer be able to produce adequate amounts of ATP. 
D)  they will no longer be able to absorb water and will become dehydrated.

Question 12

Some friends are trying to make wine in their basement. They've added yeast to a sweet grape juice mixture and have allowed the yeast to grow. After several days they find that sugar levels in the grape juice have dropped, but there's no alcohol in the mixture. The most likely explanation is that the

Accepted Answer

A)  mixture needs more sugar because yeasts need a lot of energy before they can begin to produce alcohol. 
B)  mixture needs less oxygen because yeasts only produce alcohol in the absence of oxygen. 
C)  mixture needs more oxygen because yeasts need oxygen to break down sugar and get enough energy to produce alcohol. 
D)  yeast used the alcohol as a carbon source. 
A)  mixture needs more sugar because yeasts need a lot of energy before they can begin to produce alcohol. 
B)  mixture needs less oxygen because yeasts only produce alcohol in the absence of oxygen. 
C)  mixture needs more oxygen because yeasts need oxygen to break down sugar and get enough energy to produce alcohol. 
D)  yeast used the alcohol as a carbon source.

Question 13

Respiration ________, and cellular respiration ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  produces ATP; is gas exchange 
B)  is gas exchange; produces ATP 
C)  produces glucose; produces oxygen 
D)  uses glucose; produces glucose 
A)  produces ATP; is gas exchange 
B)  is gas exchange; produces ATP 
C)  produces glucose; produces oxygen 
D)  uses glucose; produces glucose

Question 14

A student studying bird development recorded the mass of eggs from the time they were laid until the time they hatched in order to relate the mass of the egg to the final mass of the chick.
  
-Which of these is the correct explanation of mass change in developing eggs as illustrated in the graph?

Accepted Answer

A)  A is the correct representation of mass change because as the baby bird develops inside the egg, it grows new parts. 
B)  B is the correct representation of mass change because the baby bird uses cellular respiration to fuel the biosynthesis of new parts and gives off mass as CO2. 
C)  C is the correct representation showing that nothing new comes into the egg and nothing leaves the egg, so it retains the same mass. 
A)  A is the correct representation of mass change because as the baby bird develops inside the egg, it grows new parts. 
B)  B is the correct representation of mass change because the baby bird uses cellular respiration to fuel the biosynthesis of new parts and gives off mass as CO2. 
C)  C is the correct representation showing that nothing new comes into the egg and nothing leaves the egg, so it retains the same mass.

Question 15

As electrons move through the mitochondrial space

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH is reduced. 
B)  water is oxidized. 
C)  ATP synthase works by active transport. 
D)  the pH of the intermembrane space changes. 
A)  NADH is reduced. 
B)  water is oxidized. 
C)  ATP synthase works by active transport. 
D)  the pH of the intermembrane space changes.

Question 16

Which H+ has just passed through the inner mitochondrial membrane by facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen ion A 
B)  hydrogen ion B 
C)  hydrogen ion C 
D)  hydrogen ion D 
A)  hydrogen ion A 
B)  hydrogen ion B 
C)  hydrogen ion C 
D)  hydrogen ion D

Question 17

When did the level of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere become high enough to sustain aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.0 billion years ago 
B)  1.5 billion years ago 
C)  2.7 billion years ago 
D)  3.5 billion years ago 
A)  1.0 billion years ago 
B)  1.5 billion years ago 
C)  2.7 billion years ago 
D)  3.5 billion years ago

Question 18

At the end of the citric acid cycle, most of the energy remaining from the original glucose is stored in

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2. 
B)  pyruvate. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  NADH. 
A)  CO2. 
B)  pyruvate. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  NADH.

Question 19

How many molecules of NADH are produced during one round of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8

Question 20

NADH is also used by cells when making certain molecules. Based on your knowledge of the role of NADH in cellular respiration, what do you think NADH's role is in biosynthesis of molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidizing molecules 
B)  reducing molecules 
C)  phosphorylating molecules 
D)  dehydrating molecules 
A)  oxidizing molecules 
B)  reducing molecules 
C)  phosphorylating molecules 
D)  dehydrating molecules

Exam 6: How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Which of the following are products of cellular respiration?

Most bats are inactive during the day (this is known as torpor) and feed during the night. The graph below shows hypothetical data for a bat species. -Bats contain brown fat between their shoulder blades. How could this brown fat be an adaptation to torpor?

Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?

Humans use the calories they obtain from ________ as their source of energy.

In fermentation, ________ is ________.

Most bats are inactive during the day (this is known as torpor) and feed during the night. The graph below shows hypothetical data for a bat species. -Why does the relationship between metabolic rate and temperature exist?

A friend tells you that he is going on a low-carb diet to lose weight because he thinks that carbs contain more energy than fats or protein. What would you tell your friend about his plan?

During cellular respiration, energy in glucose

Wood frogs freeze solid during the winter and then thaw in the spring. As the freezing progresses, blood circulation stops. How would you expect cells not being served by the circulatory system to produce ATP during this time, and what by-product would you expect to build up in the cells?

A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from skeletal muscle cells. However, the muscles still function. Physicians find that the

Rotenone is a poison commonly added to insecticides. Rotenone binds tightly with one of the electron carrier molecules in the electron transport chain, preventing electrons from passing to the next carrier molecule. Insects exposed to rotenone will die because

Respiration ________, and cellular respiration ________.

A student studying bird development recorded the mass of eggs from the time they were laid until the time they hatched in order to relate the mass of the egg to the final mass of the chick. -Which of these is the correct explanation of mass change in developing eggs as illustrated in the graph?

As electrons move through the mitochondrial space

Which H+ has just passed through the inner mitochondrial membrane by facilitated diffusion?

When did the level of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere become high enough to sustain aerobic respiration?

At the end of the citric acid cycle, most of the energy remaining from the original glucose is stored in

How many molecules of NADH are produced during one round of glycolysis?

NADH is also used by cells when making certain molecules. Based on your knowledge of the role of NADH in cellular respiration, what do you think NADH's role is in biosynthesis of molecules?

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

The Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

The Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

The Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

Filters

In fermentation, is .

Respiration , and cellular respiration .

Which H⁺ has just passed through the inner mitochondrial membrane by facilitated diffusion?