Question 1

The information encoded in DNA resides in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) phosphates in the backbone 
B) sugars in the backbone 
C) the DNA base sequence 
D) the sugars and phosphate groups together 
E) the phosphodiester linkages 
A) phosphates in the backbone 
B) sugars in the backbone 
C) the DNA base sequence 
D) the sugars and phosphate groups together 
E) the phosphodiester linkages

Question 2

What percentage of the human genome codes for the amino acids in our proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) 15% 
B) 23% 
C) about 1.5% 
D) about 7.5% 
E) 70% 
A) 15% 
B) 23% 
C) about 1.5% 
D) about 7.5% 
E) 70%

Question 3

What causes unequal crossing over?

Accepted Answer

A) A pair of homologous chromosomes align perfectly during meiosis followed by genetic exchange. 
B) A pair of homologous chromosomes aligns imperfectly during meiosis followed by genetic exchange. 
C) Sections of the chromosome are replicated spontaneously. 
D) Pieces of chromosomes are translocated from one place to another. 
E) Chromatids on different chromosomes align imperfectly followed by genetic exchange. 
A) A pair of homologous chromosomes align perfectly during meiosis followed by genetic exchange. 
B) A pair of homologous chromosomes aligns imperfectly during meiosis followed by genetic exchange. 
C) Sections of the chromosome are replicated spontaneously. 
D) Pieces of chromosomes are translocated from one place to another. 
E) Chromatids on different chromosomes align imperfectly followed by genetic exchange.

Question 4

Different versions of a gene are called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) heterologues 
B) homologues 
C) allogues 
D) alleles 
E) mutoids 
A) heterologues 
B) homologues 
C) allogues 
D) alleles 
E) mutoids

Question 5

How do Alu sequences contribute to the genetic diversity in the human population?

Accepted Answer

A) Their transposition generates considerable differences in the timing of Alu sequence movement. 
B) Alu sequences amplify the effects of genes that they abut. 
C) Their transposition generates considerable differences in the location of Alu sequences. 
D) Alu sequences change the DNA sequences of the genes that they abut. 
E) Alu sequences reshuffle genes on every chromosome. 
A) Their transposition generates considerable differences in the timing of Alu sequence movement. 
B) Alu sequences amplify the effects of genes that they abut. 
C) Their transposition generates considerable differences in the location of Alu sequences. 
D) Alu sequences change the DNA sequences of the genes that they abut. 
E) Alu sequences reshuffle genes on every chromosome.

Question 6

A significant proportion of functional DNA sequences are __________ and thus are _______.

Accepted Answer

A) stable over time,highly conserved 
B) constantly evolving,not highly conserved 
C) constantly evolving,highly conserved 
D) invariant,not highly conserved 
E) duplicated,invariant 
A) stable over time,highly conserved 
B) constantly evolving,not highly conserved 
C) constantly evolving,highly conserved 
D) invariant,not highly conserved 
E) duplicated,invariant

Question 7

What do many people believe that the function of transposable elements is?

Accepted Answer

A) It is thought that they are mostly junk with no function. 
B) It is thought that they transpose base pairs. 
C) It is thought that they make enzymes more efficient. 
D) It is thought that they make enzymes less efficient. 
E) It is thought that they denature enzymes. 
A) It is thought that they are mostly junk with no function. 
B) It is thought that they transpose base pairs. 
C) It is thought that they make enzymes more efficient. 
D) It is thought that they make enzymes less efficient. 
E) It is thought that they denature enzymes.

Question 8

What word below most accurately describes transposable elements?

Accepted Answer

A) stable 
B) offspring 
C) helpers 
D) genetic parasite 
E) genetic symbionts 
A) stable 
B) offspring 
C) helpers 
D) genetic parasite 
E) genetic symbionts

Question 9

Persons with mutations in the FOXP2 gene suffer from a severe speech and language disorder.What is the nature of the disorder?

Accepted Answer

A) The lips are malformed. 
B) People with the disorder are unable to perform the fine muscular movements of lips and tongue that are required for vocal communication. 
C) People with the disorder have malformed vocal cords. 
D) People with the disorder have a malformed tongue. 
E) People with the disorder are deaf. 
A) The lips are malformed. 
B) People with the disorder are unable to perform the fine muscular movements of lips and tongue that are required for vocal communication. 
C) People with the disorder have malformed vocal cords. 
D) People with the disorder have a malformed tongue. 
E) People with the disorder are deaf.

Question 10

What was the original strain of fruit flies called?

Accepted Answer

A) wild ones 
B) originals 
C) wild type 
D) normal type 
E) dominant type 
A) wild ones 
B) originals 
C) wild type 
D) normal type 
E) dominant type

Question 11

________ refers to the fact that the sequence of one DNA strand specifies the sequence of the other strand in the double helix.

Accepted Answer

A) Indirectionality 
B) Complexity 
C) Complementarity 
D) Similarity 
E) Compulsivity 
A) Indirectionality 
B) Complexity 
C) Complementarity 
D) Similarity 
E) Compulsivity

Question 12

A transposable element is a type of genetic parasite that can invade a host genome from the outside world,spread within the genome and be transmitted to offspring.Under what circumstances,would a transposable element not be able to accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

A) if it has serious adverse effects on the ability of the host to survive and reproduce 
B) if it does not have serious adverse effects on the ability of the host to survive and reproduce 
C) if it speeds up the activity of amylase 
D) if is slows down the activity of triosephosphate isomerase 
E) if it increases the rate at which an organism can sense time 
A) if it has serious adverse effects on the ability of the host to survive and reproduce 
B) if it does not have serious adverse effects on the ability of the host to survive and reproduce 
C) if it speeds up the activity of amylase 
D) if is slows down the activity of triosephosphate isomerase 
E) if it increases the rate at which an organism can sense time

Question 13

What evidence supports the Ohno suggestion about vertebrate evolution from ancestral invertebrates by whole-genome duplication?

Accepted Answer

A) Modern vertebrates have four times the number of certain groups of genes compared to their homologues in Amphioxus. 
B) Modern vertebrates and Amphioxus have exactly the same number of certain groups of genes. 
C) Modern vertebrates have six times the number of certain groups of genes compared to their homologues in Amphioxus. 
D) Amphioxus has four times the number of certain groups of genes compared to their homologues in modern vertebrates. 
E) Amphioxus has eight times the number of certain groups of genes compared to their homologues in modern vertebrates. 
A) Modern vertebrates have four times the number of certain groups of genes compared to their homologues in Amphioxus. 
B) Modern vertebrates and Amphioxus have exactly the same number of certain groups of genes. 
C) Modern vertebrates have six times the number of certain groups of genes compared to their homologues in Amphioxus. 
D) Amphioxus has four times the number of certain groups of genes compared to their homologues in modern vertebrates. 
E) Amphioxus has eight times the number of certain groups of genes compared to their homologues in modern vertebrates.

Question 14

Which phrase below describes the structure of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A) either an $\alpha$-globin or a $\beta$-globin chain 
B) an $\alpha$-globin and a $\beta$-globin chain 
C) two $\alpha$-globin and two $\beta$-globin chains 
D) three $\alpha$-globin chains and one $\beta$-globin chain 
E) four $\alpha$-globin or four $\beta$-globin chains 
A) either an $\alpha$-globin or a $\beta$-globin chain 
B) an $\alpha$-globin and a $\beta$-globin chain 
C) two $\alpha$-globin and two $\beta$-globin chains 
D) three $\alpha$-globin chains and one $\beta$-globin chain 
E) four $\alpha$-globin or four $\beta$-globin chains

Question 15

Humans have roughly the same number of protein-coding genes as _________.

Accepted Answer

A) a mouse 
B) a mustard plant 
C) a puffer fish 
D) a chicken 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) a mouse 
B) a mustard plant 
C) a puffer fish 
D) a chicken 
E) All of these are correct.

The information encoded in DNA resides in ________.

What percentage of the human genome codes for the amino acids in our proteins?

What causes unequal crossing over?

Different versions of a gene are called _________.

How do Alu sequences contribute to the genetic diversity in the human population?

A significant proportion of functional DNA sequences are ____ and thus are _.

What do many people believe that the function of transposable elements is?

What word below most accurately describes transposable elements?

Persons with mutations in the FOXP2 gene suffer from a severe speech and language disorder.What is the nature of the disorder?

What was the original strain of fruit flies called?

________ refers to the fact that the sequence of one DNA strand specifies the sequence of the other strand in the double helix.

A transposable element is a type of genetic parasite that can invade a host genome from the outside world,spread within the genome and be transmitted to offspring.Under what circumstances,would a transposable element not be able to accomplish this?

What evidence supports the Ohno suggestion about vertebrate evolution from ancestral invertebrates by whole-genome duplication?

Which phrase below describes the structure of hemoglobin?

Humans have roughly the same number of protein-coding genes as _________.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 10: The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

The information encoded in DNA resides in ________.

What percentage of the human genome codes for the amino acids in our proteins?

What causes unequal crossing over?

Different versions of a gene are called _________.

How do Alu sequences contribute to the genetic diversity in the human population?

A significant proportion of functional DNA sequences are __________ and thus are _______.

What do many people believe that the function of transposable elements is?

What word below most accurately describes transposable elements?

Persons with mutations in the FOXP2 gene suffer from a severe speech and language disorder.What is the nature of the disorder?

What was the original strain of fruit flies called?

________ refers to the fact that the sequence of one DNA strand specifies the sequence of the other strand in the double helix.

A transposable element is a type of genetic parasite that can invade a host genome from the outside world,spread within the genome and be transmitted to offspring.Under what circumstances,would a transposable element not be able to accomplish this?

What evidence supports the Ohno suggestion about vertebrate evolution from ancestral invertebrates by whole-genome duplication?

Which phrase below describes the structure of hemoglobin?

Humans have roughly the same number of protein-coding genes as _________.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

A significant proportion of functional DNA sequences are ____ and thus are _.