Question 1

What were the findings of Poldrack and Gabrieli's (2001)study and Poldrack et al.'s (1999)study? How do these results relate to the stages of skill acquisition?

Accepted Answer

•Poldrack and Gabrieli (2001): This fMRI

Question 2

Experts seem to display a special enhanced memory for:

Accepted Answer

A)  all knowledge. 
B)  knowledge in their domains of expertise. 
C)  explicit knowledge. 
D)  implicit knowledge. 
A)  all knowledge. 
B)  knowledge in their domains of expertise. 
C)  explicit knowledge. 
D)  implicit knowledge.

Question 3

Anderson (2007)found that,after 5 days of practice with math problems,there was:

Accepted Answer

A)  comparable activation early versus late in the motor cortex. 
B)  more activation in the motor cortex early in practice than late in practice. 
C)  more activation in the motor cortex late in practice than early in practice. 
D)  no activation of the motor cortex at any time. 
A)  comparable activation early versus late in the motor cortex. 
B)  more activation in the motor cortex early in practice than late in practice. 
C)  more activation in the motor cortex late in practice than early in practice. 
D)  no activation of the motor cortex at any time.

Question 4

Performance of a cognitive skill severely declines over long retention intervals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which psychologist is responsible for the theory of identical elements that states that training in one kind of activity would transfer to another only if the activities had situation-response elements in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wundt 
B)  James 
C)  Tolman 
D)  Thorndike 
A)  Wundt 
B)  James 
C)  Tolman 
D)  Thorndike

Question 6

Anderson (2007)found that,after 5 days of practice with math problems,there was:

Accepted Answer

A)  comparable activation in the parietal cortex early in practice and late in practice. 
B)  more activation in the parietal cortex early in practice than late in practice. 
C)  more activation in the parietal cortex late in practice than early in practice. 
D)  no activation of the parietal cortex at any time. 
A)  comparable activation in the parietal cortex early in practice and late in practice. 
B)  more activation in the parietal cortex early in practice than late in practice. 
C)  more activation in the parietal cortex late in practice than early in practice. 
D)  no activation of the parietal cortex at any time.

Question 7

In the _____ stage of skill acquisition,the procedure becomes more and more automated and rapid.

Accepted Answer

A)  acquisition 
B)  associative 
C)  autonomous 
D)  cognitive 
A)  acquisition 
B)  associative 
C)  autonomous 
D)  cognitive

Question 8

How is educational instruction improved?

Accepted Answer

Educational instruction is imp

Question 9

What is the role of deliberate practice in the development of expertise?

Accepted Answer

A great deal of deli

Question 10

The MOST extensive use of componential analysis is for:

Accepted Answer

A)  intelligent tutoring systems. 
B)  private human tutoring. 
C)  strategic learning analysis. 
D)  tactical learning analysis. 
A)  intelligent tutoring systems. 
B)  private human tutoring. 
C)  strategic learning analysis. 
D)  tactical learning analysis.

Question 11

Which area of the brain is involved in retrieving task instructions?

Accepted Answer

A)  the parietal cortex 
B)  the prefrontal cortex 
C)  the anterior cingulate cortex 
D)  the temporal cortex 
A)  the parietal cortex 
B)  the prefrontal cortex 
C)  the anterior cingulate cortex 
D)  the temporal cortex

Question 12

Performance of a cognitive skill shows _____ declines over _____ retention intervals.

Accepted Answer

A)  modest;short 
B)  large;short 
C)  modest;long 
D)  large;long 
A)  modest;short 
B)  large;short 
C)  modest;long 
D)  large;long

Question 13

_____ eliminates the need to keep track of subgoals.

Accepted Answer

A)  Reasoning 
B)  Reasoning backward 
C)  Reasoning forward 
D)  Tactical learning 
A)  Reasoning 
B)  Reasoning backward 
C)  Reasoning forward 
D)  Tactical learning

Question 14

Transfer is tied to the identity of surface elements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Anderson (2007)found that,after 5 days of practice with math problems,there was:

Accepted Answer

A)  comparable activation early versus late in the ACC. 
B)  more activation in the ACC early in practice than late in practice. 
C)  more activation in the ACC late in practice than early in practice. 
D)  no activation of the ACC at any time. 
A)  comparable activation early versus late in the ACC. 
B)  more activation in the ACC early in practice than late in practice. 
C)  more activation in the ACC late in practice than early in practice. 
D)  no activation of the ACC at any time.

Question 16

Charness's (1976)study of the memory abilities of chess masters demonstrated that these individuals had enhanced abilities in their:

Accepted Answer

A)  long-term memory. 
B)  phonological loop. 
C)  echoic memory. 
D)  explicit memory. 
A)  long-term memory. 
B)  phonological loop. 
C)  echoic memory. 
D)  explicit memory.

Question 17

There _____ seems to be negative transfer.

Accepted Answer

A)  always 
B)  sometimes 
C)  rarely 
D)  never 
A)  always 
B)  sometimes 
C)  rarely 
D)  never

Question 18

Which is a method of problem solving that is often associated with novices and can strain working memory,often leading to errors?

Accepted Answer

A)  using improper operators 
B)  trying to solve many subproblems simultaneously 
C)  reasoning backward 
D)  employing improper problem analogies 
A)  using improper operators 
B)  trying to solve many subproblems simultaneously 
C)  reasoning backward 
D)  employing improper problem analogies

Question 19

_____ practice can drive neural growth in the adult brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  A little 
B)  Some 
C)  Extensive 
D)  No amount of 
A)  A little 
B)  Some 
C)  Extensive 
D)  No amount of

Question 20

Chris can type quickly,without looking at the keyboard.He is in the _____ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  acquisition 
B)  associative 
C)  autonomous 
D)  cognitive 
A)  acquisition 
B)  associative 
C)  autonomous 
D)  cognitive

What were the findings of Poldrack and Gabrieli's (2001)study and Poldrack et al.'s (1999)study? How do these results relate to the stages of skill acquisition?

Experts seem to display a special enhanced memory for:

Anderson (2007)found that,after 5 days of practice with math problems,there was:

Performance of a cognitive skill severely declines over long retention intervals.

Which psychologist is responsible for the theory of identical elements that states that training in one kind of activity would transfer to another only if the activities had situation-response elements in common?

Anderson (2007)found that,after 5 days of practice with math problems,there was:

In the _____ stage of skill acquisition,the procedure becomes more and more automated and rapid.

How is educational instruction improved?

What is the role of deliberate practice in the development of expertise?

The MOST extensive use of componential analysis is for:

Which area of the brain is involved in retrieving task instructions?

Performance of a cognitive skill shows _ declines over _ retention intervals.

_____ eliminates the need to keep track of subgoals.

Transfer is tied to the identity of surface elements.

Anderson (2007)found that,after 5 days of practice with math problems,there was:

Charness's (1976)study of the memory abilities of chess masters demonstrated that these individuals had enhanced abilities in their:

There _____ seems to be negative transfer.

Which is a method of problem solving that is often associated with novices and can strain working memory,often leading to errors?

_____ practice can drive neural growth in the adult brain.

Chris can type quickly,without looking at the keyboard.He is in the _____ stage.

The Science of Cognition

Perception

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Problem Solving

Reasoning

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Individual Differences in Cognition

Filters

Exam 9: Expertise

What were the findings of Poldrack and Gabrieli's (2001)study and Poldrack et al.'s (1999)study? How do these results relate to the stages of skill acquisition?

Experts seem to display a special enhanced memory for:

Anderson (2007)found that,after 5 days of practice with math problems,there was:

Performance of a cognitive skill severely declines over long retention intervals.

Which psychologist is responsible for the theory of identical elements that states that training in one kind of activity would transfer to another only if the activities had situation-response elements in common?

Anderson (2007)found that,after 5 days of practice with math problems,there was:

In the _____ stage of skill acquisition,the procedure becomes more and more automated and rapid.

How is educational instruction improved?

What is the role of deliberate practice in the development of expertise?

The MOST extensive use of componential analysis is for:

Which area of the brain is involved in retrieving task instructions?

Performance of a cognitive skill shows _____ declines over _____ retention intervals.

_____ eliminates the need to keep track of subgoals.

Transfer is tied to the identity of surface elements.

Anderson (2007)found that,after 5 days of practice with math problems,there was:

Charness's (1976)study of the memory abilities of chess masters demonstrated that these individuals had enhanced abilities in their:

There _____ seems to be negative transfer.

Which is a method of problem solving that is often associated with novices and can strain working memory,often leading to errors?

_____ practice can drive neural growth in the adult brain.

Chris can type quickly,without looking at the keyboard.He is in the _____ stage.

The Science of Cognition

Perception

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Problem Solving

Reasoning

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Individual Differences in Cognition

Filters

Performance of a cognitive skill shows _ declines over _ retention intervals.