Question 1

The period of highest productivity in polar areas is

Accepted Answer

A)  summer. 
B)  winter. 
C)  spring 
D)  fall. 
E)  Productivity is similar in all seasons. 
A)  summer. 
B)  winter. 
C)  spring 
D)  fall. 
E)  Productivity is similar in all seasons.

Question 2

Harmful algal blooms can

Accepted Answer

A)  contaminate shellfish with toxins. 
B)  kill fish. 
C)  clog fishing nets. 
D)  impact marine mammals. 
E)  All of these are correct. 
A)  contaminate shellfish with toxins. 
B)  kill fish. 
C)  clog fishing nets. 
D)  impact marine mammals. 
E)  All of these are correct.

Question 3

The most common nutrient that limits coastal productivity is

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen. 
B)  phosphate. 
C)  nitrate. 
D)  carbon. 
E)  iron. 
A)  oxygen. 
B)  phosphate. 
C)  nitrate. 
D)  carbon. 
E)  iron.

Question 4

Satellites can detect ocean color.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Assuming 10% trophic efficiency, the other 90% of the energy associated with a given trophic level is

Accepted Answer

A)  transferred to higher trophic levels 
B)  lost as heat. 
C)  converted to bioluminescence. 
D)  transferred to lower trophic levels. 
A)  transferred to higher trophic levels 
B)  lost as heat. 
C)  converted to bioluminescence. 
D)  transferred to lower trophic levels.

Question 6

Red tides may or may not be poisonous to other marine organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Nutrients tend to be liberated by decomposition of organic matter at depth and returned to the surface by the physical processes of vertical circulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

There is less biomass per unit volume available for harvesting in the open ocean, as compared to upwelling and coastal zones, because

Accepted Answer

A)  there are less nutrients. 
B)  there is less oxygen. 
C)  the salinity is greater. 
D)  the temperature is lower. 
E)  All of these are correct. 
A)  there are less nutrients. 
B)  there is less oxygen. 
C)  the salinity is greater. 
D)  the temperature is lower. 
E)  All of these are correct.

Question 9

Depending on the time of year, _______________ can account for between 10-50% of net primary production in the open ocean.

Accepted Answer

A)  dinoflagellates 
B)  Prochlorococcus 
C)  Synechococcus 
D)  diatoms 
E)  Rhizosolenia 
A)  dinoflagellates 
B)  Prochlorococcus 
C)  Synechococcus 
D)  diatoms 
E)  Rhizosolenia

Question 10

The difference between food webs and food chains is that food webs

Accepted Answer

A)  consist of only one trophic level. 
B)  include primary producers as well as consumers. 
C)  do not take into account predators. 
D)  only outline feeding relationships among consumers. 
E)  are more complex. 
A)  consist of only one trophic level. 
B)  include primary producers as well as consumers. 
C)  do not take into account predators. 
D)  only outline feeding relationships among consumers. 
E)  are more complex.

Question 11

The biomass of planktonic, unicellular algae in tropical regions

Accepted Answer

A)  remains nearly constant over the year. 
B)  increases during the summer months. 
C)  decreases during the summer months. 
D)  increases during the winter months. 
E)  decreases during the winter months. 
A)  remains nearly constant over the year. 
B)  increases during the summer months. 
C)  decreases during the summer months. 
D)  increases during the winter months. 
E)  decreases during the winter months.

Question 12

Dinoflagellates are known for

Accepted Answer

A)  producing toxins that can be lethal to humans. 
B)  their ability to glow with bioluminescence. 
C)  their formation of bottom sediments. 
D)  producing toxins that can be lethal to humans and their ability to glow with bioluminescence. 
E)  producing toxins that can be lethal to humans, their ability to glow with bioluminescence, and their formation of bottom sediments. 
A)  producing toxins that can be lethal to humans. 
B)  their ability to glow with bioluminescence. 
C)  their formation of bottom sediments. 
D)  producing toxins that can be lethal to humans and their ability to glow with bioluminescence. 
E)  producing toxins that can be lethal to humans, their ability to glow with bioluminescence, and their formation of bottom sediments.

Question 13

Holoplankton spend part of their lives in the water column, and part of their lives in the benthos.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If both primary productivity and grazing are large, the standing stock can not be small.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Some ctenophores are herbivores while others are carnivores.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Zooplankton in the deep scattering layer (DSL)

Accepted Answer

A)  scatter during the night, removing the DSL. 
B)  move away from the surface during the night. 
C)  rise toward the surface during the day. 
D)  move away from the surface during the day. 
E)  remain at the same depth during both day and night. 
A)  scatter during the night, removing the DSL. 
B)  move away from the surface during the night. 
C)  rise toward the surface during the day. 
D)  move away from the surface during the day. 
E)  remain at the same depth during both day and night.

Question 17

Areas of divergence where upwelled water reaches the surface are typically very low productivity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Harmful algal blooms can be triggered by

Accepted Answer

A)  nutrient runoff from land. 
B)  high-salinity water. 
C)  temperature and light combinations. 
D)  disturbing cells buried in the sediments. 
E)  All of these are correct. 
A)  nutrient runoff from land. 
B)  high-salinity water. 
C)  temperature and light combinations. 
D)  disturbing cells buried in the sediments. 
E)  All of these are correct.

Question 19

Diatoms are able to

Accepted Answer

A)  form chains to help floating. 
B)  store oil to reduce their density. 
C)  produce two flagella that provide motility and reduce sinking. 
D)  form chains to help floating and store oil to reduce their density. 
E)  form chains to help floating, store oil to reduce their density, and produce two flagella that provide motility and reduce sinking. 
A)  form chains to help floating. 
B)  store oil to reduce their density. 
C)  produce two flagella that provide motility and reduce sinking. 
D)  form chains to help floating and store oil to reduce their density. 
E)  form chains to help floating, store oil to reduce their density, and produce two flagella that provide motility and reduce sinking.

Question 20

Primary productivity per square meter of ocean surface is, on the average, higher in the neritic zone than in the oceanic zone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The period of highest productivity in polar areas is

Harmful algal blooms can

The most common nutrient that limits coastal productivity is

Satellites can detect ocean color.

Assuming 10% trophic efficiency, the other 90% of the energy associated with a given trophic level is

Red tides may or may not be poisonous to other marine organisms.

Nutrients tend to be liberated by decomposition of organic matter at depth and returned to the surface by the physical processes of vertical circulation.

There is less biomass per unit volume available for harvesting in the open ocean, as compared to upwelling and coastal zones, because

Depending on the time of year, _______________ can account for between 10-50% of net primary production in the open ocean.

The difference between food webs and food chains is that food webs

The biomass of planktonic, unicellular algae in tropical regions

Dinoflagellates are known for

Holoplankton spend part of their lives in the water column, and part of their lives in the benthos.

If both primary productivity and grazing are large, the standing stock can not be small.

Some ctenophores are herbivores while others are carnivores.

Zooplankton in the deep scattering layer (DSL)

Areas of divergence where upwelled water reaches the surface are typically very low productivity.

Harmful algal blooms can be triggered by

Diatoms are able to

Primary productivity per square meter of ocean surface is, on the average, higher in the neritic zone than in the oceanic zone.

The Water Planet

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

The Sea Floor and Its Sediments

The Physical Properties of Water

Seawater

The Atmosphere and the Oceans

Ocean Structure and Circulation

The Waves

The Tides

Coasts, Beaches, and Estuaries

The Living Ocean

The Nekton: Swimmers of the Sea

The Benthos: Living on the Sea Floor

Environmental Issues

The Oceans and Climate Disruption

Prologue: The History of Oceanography

Filters

Exam 12: The Plankton, Energy, and Food Webs

The period of highest productivity in polar areas is

Harmful algal blooms can

The most common nutrient that limits coastal productivity is

Satellites can detect ocean color.

Assuming 10% trophic efficiency, the other 90% of the energy associated with a given trophic level is

Red tides may or may not be poisonous to other marine organisms.

Nutrients tend to be liberated by decomposition of organic matter at depth and returned to the surface by the physical processes of vertical circulation.

There is less biomass per unit volume available for harvesting in the open ocean, as compared to upwelling and coastal zones, because

Depending on the time of year, _______________ can account for between 10-50% of net primary production in the open ocean.

The difference between food webs and food chains is that food webs

The biomass of planktonic, unicellular algae in tropical regions

Dinoflagellates are known for

Holoplankton spend part of their lives in the water column, and part of their lives in the benthos.

If both primary productivity and grazing are large, the standing stock can not be small.

Some ctenophores are herbivores while others are carnivores.

Zooplankton in the deep scattering layer (DSL)

Areas of divergence where upwelled water reaches the surface are typically very low productivity.

Harmful algal blooms can be triggered by

Diatoms are able to

Primary productivity per square meter of ocean surface is, on the average, higher in the neritic zone than in the oceanic zone.

The Water Planet

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

The Sea Floor and Its Sediments

The Physical Properties of Water

Seawater

The Atmosphere and the Oceans

Ocean Structure and Circulation

The Waves

The Tides

Coasts, Beaches, and Estuaries

The Living Ocean

The Nekton: Swimmers of the Sea

The Benthos: Living on the Sea Floor

Environmental Issues

The Oceans and Climate Disruption

Prologue: The History of Oceanography

Filters