Question 1

Why is the relationship between satisficer/maximizer decision-making strategies and satisfaction surprising?

Accepted Answer

A) Maximizers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be happier with the outcome than are satisficers. 
B) Satisficers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be happier with the outcome than are maximizers. 
C) Maximizers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be less happy with the outcome than are satisficers. 
D) Satisficers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be less happy with the outcome than are maximizers. 
A) Maximizers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be happier with the outcome than are satisficers. 
B) Satisficers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be happier with the outcome than are maximizers. 
C) Maximizers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be less happy with the outcome than are satisficers. 
D) Satisficers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be less happy with the outcome than are maximizers.

Question 2

One interesting property of ___________ is that we usually know when it is not being used correctly,but people often cannot explain exactly why.

Accepted Answer

A) phonemes 
B) morphemes 
C) syntax 
D) pragmatics 
A) phonemes 
B) morphemes 
C) syntax 
D) pragmatics

Question 3

Research indicates that people categorize concepts by using

Accepted Answer

A) classical categorization,not prototypes. 
B) prototypes,not classical categorization. 
C) both classical categorization and prototypes. 
D) neither classical categorization nor prototypes. 
A) classical categorization,not prototypes. 
B) prototypes,not classical categorization. 
C) both classical categorization and prototypes. 
D) neither classical categorization nor prototypes.

Question 4

The concepts of dog,cat,and goldfish can be grouped together to form a _____________ called pets.

Accepted Answer

A) prototype 
B) mental set 
C) superconcept 
D) category 
A) prototype 
B) mental set 
C) superconcept 
D) category

Question 5

Which of the following is a unique property of language that helps to distinguish it from animal communication?

Accepted Answer

A) Words or symbols can be recombined to create entirely new meanings. 
B) Language uses sounds to communicate. 
C) Language can be used to pass information between individuals. 
D) Language is important for survival. 
A) Words or symbols can be recombined to create entirely new meanings. 
B) Language uses sounds to communicate. 
C) Language can be used to pass information between individuals. 
D) Language is important for survival.

Question 6

The difference between a well-formed and an ill-formed sentence usually comes down to _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) phonemes 
B) morphemes 
C) pragmatics 
D) syntax 
A) phonemes 
B) morphemes 
C) pragmatics 
D) syntax

Question 7

A formula is an example of a(n)______________.

Accepted Answer

A) logarithm 
B) algorithm 
C) response set 
D) heuristic 
A) logarithm 
B) algorithm 
C) response set 
D) heuristic

Question 8

What is FOXP2?

Accepted Answer

A) a computer program that is capable of understanding and producing natural human language 
B) a brain region involved in the comprehension of language 
C) a gene believed to be involved in language 
D) a brain region involved in the production of spoken language 
A) a computer program that is capable of understanding and producing natural human language 
B) a brain region involved in the comprehension of language 
C) a gene believed to be involved in language 
D) a brain region involved in the production of spoken language

Question 9

A loose screw on the visor causes it to drop down while Ben drives;however,he keeps forgetting to take a screwdriver out to the car to fix it.When he notices the visor drop again,he reaches into his pocket for a dime he then uses to tighten the screw holding the visor.What problem-solving difficulty did Ben overcome?

Accepted Answer

A) relative comparison 
B) functional fixedness 
C) poor problem representation 
D) the representative heuristic 
A) relative comparison 
B) functional fixedness 
C) poor problem representation 
D) the representative heuristic

Question 10

Suppose 40% of all of the books in a library are fiction and 2% of all of the books are on the Roman Empire.Wanda is a big fan of historical fiction novels.Which of the following is she LEAST likely to leave the library with?

Accepted Answer

A) a fiction book 
B) a book that involves the Roman Empire 
C) a fictional book that takes place in the Roman Empire 
D) the answer cannot be determined from the information given 
A) a fiction book 
B) a book that involves the Roman Empire 
C) a fictional book that takes place in the Roman Empire 
D) the answer cannot be determined from the information given

Question 11

When people make the conjunction fallacy,it is most likely because

Accepted Answer

A) they are using an algorithmic approach. 
B) their judgment is being affected by an anchor. 
C) they are using the representativeness heuristic. 
D) they are just guessing randomly. 
A) they are using an algorithmic approach. 
B) their judgment is being affected by an anchor. 
C) they are using the representativeness heuristic. 
D) they are just guessing randomly.

Question 12

Miranda asks her teacher,"Can I go to the bathroom?" to which she replied,"I don't know,can you?" Miranda's teacher was purposely ignoring the ______________ of Miranda's question to make a point about grammar.

Accepted Answer

A) pragmatics 
B) morphemes 
C) syntax 
D) semantics 
A) pragmatics 
B) morphemes 
C) syntax 
D) semantics

Question 13

A person who damages his or her Broca's area is likely to have difficulty____________________,but should still be able to __________________ fairly well.

Accepted Answer

A) speaking;understand the speech of others 
B) understanding the speech of others;speak normally 
C) learning a new language;speak normally in his or her native language 
D) using pragmatics;speak normally 
A) speaking;understand the speech of others 
B) understanding the speech of others;speak normally 
C) learning a new language;speak normally in his or her native language 
D) using pragmatics;speak normally

Question 14

Young children sometimes literally interpret sentences like "Do you know where your mommy is?" by answering "Yes." They failed to understand the ________ of the question.

Accepted Answer

A) pragmatics 
B) morphemes 
C) syntax 
D) semantics 
A) pragmatics 
B) morphemes 
C) syntax 
D) semantics

Question 15

Which of the following is most likely to be a basic-level category?

Accepted Answer

A) animal 
B) calico 
C) cat 
D) Siamese 
A) animal 
B) calico 
C) cat 
D) Siamese

Question 16

For most people,a dog is a better fit than a tarantula for the category of pets.This is an example of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) linguistic relativity 
B) graded membership 
C) priming 
D) functional fixedness 
A) linguistic relativity 
B) graded membership 
C) priming 
D) functional fixedness

Question 17

Some members of the KE family discussed in your textbook have trouble putting thoughts into words.This deficit is caused by

Accepted Answer

A) a family tradition of ritualized abuse that causes brain trauma. 
B) a family tradition of raising children without language until the age of five. 
C) exposure to chemicals while still in the womb. 
D) inheriting the mutated copy of a specific gene. 
A) a family tradition of ritualized abuse that causes brain trauma. 
B) a family tradition of raising children without language until the age of five. 
C) exposure to chemicals while still in the womb. 
D) inheriting the mutated copy of a specific gene.

Question 18

On his way to work,Charlie sees a sign for an upcoming concert for the band Cake.Without even realizing it,the word cake has made Charlie think of baked sweets,which makes him think of getting a donut.This is an example of ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) categorization 
B) priming 
C) linguistic relativity 
D) sentence verification 
A) categorization 
B) priming 
C) linguistic relativity 
D) sentence verification

Question 19

______________ is the study of nonlinguistic elements of language use.

Accepted Answer

A) Semantics 
B) Aphasia 
C) Syntax 
D) Pragmatics 
A) Semantics 
B) Aphasia 
C) Syntax 
D) Pragmatics

Question 20

Classical categorization involves typically involves the use of ______________,while categorization using prototypes involves _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) comparison;definitions 
B) definitions;comparison 
C) concepts;graded memberships 
D) graded memberships;concepts 
A) comparison;definitions 
B) definitions;comparison 
C) concepts;graded memberships 
D) graded memberships;concepts

Exam 8: B: Thought and Language

Why is the relationship between satisficer/maximizer decision-making strategies and satisfaction surprising?

One interesting property of ___________ is that we usually know when it is not being used correctly,but people often cannot explain exactly why.

Research indicates that people categorize concepts by using

The concepts of dog,cat,and goldfish can be grouped together to form a _____________ called pets.

Which of the following is a unique property of language that helps to distinguish it from animal communication?

The difference between a well-formed and an ill-formed sentence usually comes down to _____________.

A formula is an example of a(n)______________.

What is FOXP2?

Suppose 40% of all of the books in a library are fiction and 2% of all of the books are on the Roman Empire.Wanda is a big fan of historical fiction novels.Which of the following is she LEAST likely to leave the library with?

When people make the conjunction fallacy,it is most likely because

Miranda asks her teacher,"Can I go to the bathroom?" to which she replied,"I don't know,can you?" Miranda's teacher was purposely ignoring the ______________ of Miranda's question to make a point about grammar.

A person who damages his or her Broca's area is likely to have difficulty____________________,but should still be able to __________________ fairly well.

Young children sometimes literally interpret sentences like "Do you know where your mommy is?" by answering "Yes." They failed to understand the ________ of the question.

Which of the following is most likely to be a basic-level category?

For most people,a dog is a better fit than a tarantula for the category of pets.This is an example of ____________.

Some members of the KE family discussed in your textbook have trouble putting thoughts into words.This deficit is caused by

On his way to work,Charlie sees a sign for an upcoming concert for the band Cake.Without even realizing it,the word cake has made Charlie think of baked sweets,which makes him think of getting a donut.This is an example of ______________.

______________ is the study of nonlinguistic elements of language use.

Classical categorization involves typically involves the use of ______________,while categorization using prototypes involves _____________.

A: Introducing Psychological Science

B: Introducing Psychological Science

C: Introducing Psychological Science

D: Introducing Psychological Science

E: Introducing Psychological Science

A: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

C: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

D: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

E: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

A: Biological Psychology

B: Biological Psychology

C: Biological Psychology

D: Biological Psychology

E: Biological Psychology

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

E: Sensation and Perception

A: Consciousness

B: Consciousness

C: Consciousness

D: Consciousness

E: Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

D: Learning

E: Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

D: Memory

E: Memory

A: Thought and Language

C: Thought and Language

D: Thought and Language

E: Thought and Language

A: Intelligence Testing

B: Intelligence Testing

C: Intelligence Testing

D: Intelligence Testing

E: Intelligence Testing

A: Lifespan Development

B: Lifespan Development

C: Lifespan Development

D: Lifespan Development

E: Lifespan Development

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

Emotivation and Emotion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

E: Personality

A: Social Psychology

A person who damages his or her Broca's area is likely to have difficulty__,but should still be able to fairly well.

Classical categorization involves typically involves the use of __,while categorization using prototypes involves _.