Question 1

Thermogenin is a transmembrane protein localized in which of the following sites?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membranes of unilocular adipocytes 
B)  cell membranes of multicellular adipocytes 
C)  inner mitochondrial membranes of unilocular adipocytes 
D)  inner mitochondrial membranes of multilocular adipocytes 
E)  trans-Golgi network of unilocular adipocytes 
A)  cell membranes of unilocular adipocytes 
B)  cell membranes of multicellular adipocytes 
C)  inner mitochondrial membranes of unilocular adipocytes 
D)  inner mitochondrial membranes of multilocular adipocytes 
E)  trans-Golgi network of unilocular adipocytes D

Question 2

A 12-year-old girl fell off her bicycle and broke her femur. Radiological examination showed a generalized reduction in bone density, suggesting to the pediatrician that the child might have a nutritional deficiency. Which of the following should be supplemented in this child's diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium 
B)  potassium 
C)  calcium 
D)  essential amino acids 
E)  vitamin E 
A)  sodium 
B)  potassium 
C)  calcium 
D)  essential amino acids 
E)  vitamin E C

Question 3

A patient who has a chronic inflammatory response has an abundance of which of the following cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages 
B)  neutrophils 
C)  basophils 
D)  eosinophils 
E)  lymphocytes 
A)  macrophages 
B)  neutrophils 
C)  basophils 
D)  eosinophils 
E)  lymphocytes E

Question 4

A patient presents with a painless, well circumscribed, movable tumor the size of a golf ball on her shoulder. The physician takes a biopsy and the histological image is as displayed.  The diagnosis is

Accepted Answer

A)  chondroma 
B)  lipoma 
C)  rhabdomyosarcoma 
D)  liposarcoma 
E)  melanoma 
A)  chondroma 
B)  lipoma 
C)  rhabdomyosarcoma 
D)  liposarcoma 
E)  melanoma

Question 5

Which of the following statements is correct concerning elastic cartilage? It

Accepted Answer

A)  is a vascular connective tissue 
B)  has no perichondrium 
C)  increases its size by appositional growth 
D)  has matrix vesicles in its matrix 
E)  has type III collagen in its matrix 
A)  is a vascular connective tissue 
B)  has no perichondrium 
C)  increases its size by appositional growth 
D)  has matrix vesicles in its matrix 
E)  has type III collagen in its matrix

Question 6

The cells that have the ability to decorate their membranes with Immunoglobulin E (IgE) are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  pericytes 
B)  fibroblasts 
C)  macrophages 
D)  basophils 
E)  eosinophils 
A)  pericytes 
B)  fibroblasts 
C)  macrophages 
D)  basophils 
E)  eosinophils

Question 7

Which of the following regions of the osteoclast has proton pumps?

Accepted Answer

A)  basal region 
B)  vesicular region 
C)  clear region 
D)  ruffled border 
E)  inner nuclear membrane 
A)  basal region 
B)  vesicular region 
C)  clear region 
D)  ruffled border 
E)  inner nuclear membrane

Question 8

The enzyme lipoprotein lipase is located on the endothelial lining of blood vessels. This enzyme

Accepted Answer

A)  functions to synthesize chylomicrons 
B)  functions to synthesize VLDLs (very low-density lipoproteins) 
C)  is manufactured by fibroblasts 
D)  is manufactured by adipocytes 
E)  is manufactured by macrophages 
A)  functions to synthesize chylomicrons 
B)  functions to synthesize VLDLs (very low-density lipoproteins) 
C)  is manufactured by fibroblasts 
D)  is manufactured by adipocytes 
E)  is manufactured by macrophages

Question 9

A very slim 82-year-old female patient is brought to the emergency department with severe back pain that radiates to the sides of the lower thoracic region. She has been losing height for the past few years, and she has developed a "dowager's hump." A possible diagnosis is

Accepted Answer

A)  osteopetrosis 
B)  Paget's disease 
C)  osteomalacia 
D)  osteoma 
E)  osteoporosis 
A)  osteopetrosis 
B)  Paget's disease 
C)  osteomalacia 
D)  osteoma 
E)  osteoporosis

Question 10

In Fig. Img_011, a patient presents with a nodule in his oral cavity/oral pharynx. The photomicrograph shows the normal area of his biopsy. The structure housing the nodule is the

Accepted Answer

A)  uvula 
B)  hard palate 
C)  soft palate 
D)  epiglottis 
E)  palatine tonsil 
A)  uvula 
B)  hard palate 
C)  soft palate 
D)  epiglottis 
E)  palatine tonsil

Question 11

Which of the following statements is correct concerning osteoblasts? They

Accepted Answer

A)  produce hydrochloric acid 
B)  have a basal zone 
C)  have a clear zone 
D)  are derived from osteoprogenitor cells 
E)  are derived from monocyte precursors 
A)  produce hydrochloric acid 
B)  have a basal zone 
C)  have a clear zone 
D)  are derived from osteoprogenitor cells 
E)  are derived from monocyte precursors

Question 12

A patient is seen by his physician, who determines that he has a defective gene that codes for an inactive form of the hormone leptin. This patient

Accepted Answer

A)  drinks too much fluid 
B)  does not drink enough fluids 
C)  has very little appetite 
D)  has a voracious appetite 
E)  has bouts of uncontrollable vomiting 
A)  drinks too much fluid 
B)  does not drink enough fluids 
C)  has very little appetite 
D)  has a voracious appetite 
E)  has bouts of uncontrollable vomiting

Question 13

A patient with an acute inflammatory response has an abundance of which of the following cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages 
B)  neutrophils 
C)  basophils 
D)  eosinophils 
E)  lymphocytes 
A)  macrophages 
B)  neutrophils 
C)  basophils 
D)  eosinophils 
E)  lymphocytes

Question 14

A physician's new patient has acromegaly. This condition is due to the

Accepted Answer

A)  excess production of somatotropin 
B)  excess production of somatostatin 
C)  excess intake of vitamin D 
D)  reduced intake of vitamin D 
E)  excess intake of calcium 
A)  excess production of somatotropin 
B)  excess production of somatostatin 
C)  excess intake of vitamin D 
D)  reduced intake of vitamin D 
E)  excess intake of calcium

Question 15

Fibrocartilage differs from hyaline cartilage in that fibrocartilage possesses

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular perichondrium 
B)  fibrous perichondrium 
C)  type I collagen in its matrix 
D)  type II collagen in its matrix 
E)  type III collagen in its matrix 
A)  cellular perichondrium 
B)  fibrous perichondrium 
C)  type I collagen in its matrix 
D)  type II collagen in its matrix 
E)  type III collagen in its matrix

Question 16

A 27-year-old, very fair skinned patient who is 7 months pregnant presents at her gynecologist with a recent development that her legs have become somewhat bowed. The physician suspects

Accepted Answer

A)  osteoporosis 
B)  osteopetrosis 
C)  osteoma 
D)  osteomalacia 
E)  osteosarcoma 
A)  osteoporosis 
B)  osteopetrosis 
C)  osteoma 
D)  osteomalacia 
E)  osteosarcoma

Question 17

Macrophages are cells that

Accepted Answer

A)  endocytose lipids 
B)  are derived from lymphocytes 
C)  are derived from monocytes 
D)  synthesize and release interferon-$\gamma$ (IFN-$\gamma$) 
E)  phagocytose dust cells 
A)  endocytose lipids 
B)  are derived from lymphocytes 
C)  are derived from monocytes 
D)  synthesize and release interferon-$\gamma$ (IFN-$\gamma$) 
E)  phagocytose dust cells

Question 18

In which of the following regions do processes of osteocytes contact and form gap junctions with each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  Howship lacunae 
B)  canaliculi 
C)  lacunae 
D)  Volkmann canals 
E)  Haversian canals 
A)  Howship lacunae 
B)  canaliculi 
C)  lacunae 
D)  Volkmann canals 
E)  Haversian canals

Question 19

Which of the following occurs during endochondral bone formation?

Accepted Answer

A)  the periosteum is transformed into a perichondrium 
B)  chondrocytes hypertrophy and die 
C)  interstitial growth enlarges the subperiosteal bone collar 
D)  calcified cartilage becomes decalcified 
E)  calcified bone is replaced by cartilage 
A)  the periosteum is transformed into a perichondrium 
B)  chondrocytes hypertrophy and die 
C)  interstitial growth enlarges the subperiosteal bone collar 
D)  calcified cartilage becomes decalcified 
E)  calcified bone is replaced by cartilage

Question 20

A short-statured patient inquires about the genetic implication of her condition and would like to know the reason for it. The physician knows that the patient has achondroplasia. Which of the following is the correct reason for the condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of calcification of the epiphyseal plate 
B)  lack of matrix formation in the epiphyseal plate 
C)  excess calcification of the epiphyseal plate 
D)  excess chondrocyte formation in the epiphyseal plate 
E)  reduction in chondrocyte formation in the epiphyseal plate 
A)  lack of calcification of the epiphyseal plate 
B)  lack of matrix formation in the epiphyseal plate 
C)  excess calcification of the epiphyseal plate 
D)  excess chondrocyte formation in the epiphyseal plate 
E)  reduction in chondrocyte formation in the epiphyseal plate

Exam 6: Cartilage and Bone

Thermogenin is a transmembrane protein localized in which of the following sites?

A 12-year-old girl fell off her bicycle and broke her femur. Radiological examination showed a generalized reduction in bone density, suggesting to the pediatrician that the child might have a nutritional deficiency. Which of the following should be supplemented in this child's diet?

A patient who has a chronic inflammatory response has an abundance of which of the following cells?

A patient presents with a painless, well circumscribed, movable tumor the size of a golf ball on her shoulder. The physician takes a biopsy and the histological image is as displayed. The diagnosis is

Which of the following statements is correct concerning elastic cartilage? It

The cells that have the ability to decorate their membranes with Immunoglobulin E (IgE) are known as

Which of the following regions of the osteoclast has proton pumps?

The enzyme lipoprotein lipase is located on the endothelial lining of blood vessels. This enzyme

A very slim 82-year-old female patient is brought to the emergency department with severe back pain that radiates to the sides of the lower thoracic region. She has been losing height for the past few years, and she has developed a "dowager's hump." A possible diagnosis is

In Fig. Img_011, a patient presents with a nodule in his oral cavity/oral pharynx. The photomicrograph shows the normal area of his biopsy. The structure housing the nodule is the

Which of the following statements is correct concerning osteoblasts? They

A patient is seen by his physician, who determines that he has a defective gene that codes for an inactive form of the hormone leptin. This patient

A patient with an acute inflammatory response has an abundance of which of the following cells?

A physician's new patient has acromegaly. This condition is due to the

Fibrocartilage differs from hyaline cartilage in that fibrocartilage possesses

A 27-year-old, very fair skinned patient who is 7 months pregnant presents at her gynecologist with a recent development that her legs have become somewhat bowed. The physician suspects

Macrophages are cells that

In which of the following regions do processes of osteocytes contact and form gap junctions with each other?

Which of the following occurs during endochondral bone formation?

A short-statured patient inquires about the genetic implication of her condition and would like to know the reason for it. The physician knows that the patient has achondroplasia. Which of the following is the correct reason for the condition?

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Extracellular Matrix

Epithelium and Glands

Connective Tissue

Muscle

Nervous Tissue

Blood and Hemopoiesis

Circulatory System

Lymphoid Immune System

Endocrine System

Integument

Respiratory System

Digestive System: Oral Cavity

Digestive System: Alimentary Canal

Digestive System: Glands

Urinary System

Female Reproductive System

Male Reproductive System

Special Senses

Filters