Exam 38: Plant Reproduction and Development

You have a plant that naturally exhibits simple leaves, but you would like to change the shape of the leaves from simple to compound. What gene could you over express in your plant to induce compound leaf formation?

Which of the following would be considered a multiple fruit?

Fruits develop from ________.

In the early plant embryo, cells divide asymmetrically. Which structure does NOT result from divisions of the apical (terminal) cell?

Which of the following is a correct sequence of processes that takes place when a flowering plant reproduces?

A researcher has developed two stains for use with seed plants. One stains sporophyte tissue blue; the other stains gametophyte tissue red. If the researcher exposes pollen grains to both stains and then rinses away the excess stain, what should occur?

In plants, spores and gametes ________.

In development of animals, but not in development of plants, ________.

Use the following information to answer the question below. The Brazil nut tree, Bertholletia excels (n = 17), is native to tropical rain forests of South America. It is a hardwood tree that can grow to over 50 meters tall, is a source of high-quality lumber, and is a favorite nesting site for harpy eagles. As the rainy season ends, tough-walled fruits, each containing 8 to 25 seeds (Brazil nuts), fall to the forest floor. Brazil nuts are composed primarily of endosperm. About $50 million worth of nuts are harvested each year. Scientists have discovered that the pale yellow flowers of Brazil nut trees cannot fertilize themselves and admit only female orchid bees as pollinators. The agouti (Dasyprocta spp.), a cat-sized rodent, is the only animal with teeth strong enough to crack the hard wall of Brazil nut fruits. It typically eats some of the seeds, buries others, and leaves still others inside the fruit, which moisture can now enter. The uneaten seeds may subsequently germinate. If a female orchid bee has just left a Brazil nut tree with nectar in her stomach, and if she visits another flower on a different Brazil nut tree, what is the sequence in which the following events should occur? 1) double fertilization 2) pollen tube emerges from pollen grain 3) pollen tube enters micropyle 4) pollination

What adaptations should one expect of the seed coats of angiosperm species whose seeds are dispersed by frugivorous (fruit-eating) animals, as opposed to angiosperm species whose seeds are dispersed by other means? 1) The exterior of the seed coat should have barbs or hooks. 2) The seed coat should contain secondary compounds that irritate the lining of the animal's mouth. 3) The seed coat should be able to withstand low pHs. 4) The seed coat, upon its complete digestion, should provide vitamins or nutrients to animals. 5) The seed coat should be resistant to the animals' digestive enzymes.

A researcher found a beautiful plant while traveling in Alaska and collected its seeds. When she came back to Florida, she soaked some seeds in pure water and some in water with a hormone. When she put the seeds in soil to grow, only the seeds that had been soaked with the hormone germinated. The hormone most likely was ________.

The floral meristem in flowering plants develops from the shoot apical meristem, which usually produces leaves. Which floral part is NOT a modified leaf?

What is the first step in the germination of a seed?

Meristematic tissue cells in plants are most similar to which kind of cells in animals?

If a hypocotyl does NOT elongate during seed germination and early seedling growth, where will the cotyledons be?

Stamens, sepals, petals, and carpels are ________.

A mature, unfertilized ovule in an angiosperm is the result of ________.

Which set contains the most closely related terms?

Many seeds are capable of surviving in a dormant or quiescent state for many years, or even centuries. Such seeds are not usually damaged by environmental extremes that would kill most other organisms. What main adaptation prevents the seeds from germinating before they are dispersed and allows them to survive until environmental conditions are favorable for germination and seedling growth?

Which of the following is the correct sequence during alternation of generations in the life cycle in a flowering plant?