Question 1

Seafloor spreading occurs along relatively narrow areas at the crests of oceanic ridges called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) trenches 
B) submarine canyons 
C) rift zones 
D) seamounts 
A) trenches 
B) submarine canyons 
C) rift zones 
D) seamounts

Question 2

Why are the deep sea clays mostly red or brown?

Accepted Answer

A) They are eroded mostly from desert areas and carried to the sea by winds or rainstorms. 
B) They are mostly volcanic ash particles erupted onto the seafloor; this is their colour. 
C) Slow settling of fine clay-sized mineral particles allows for complete oxidation of their iron by dissolved oxygen. 
D) These are the residues of red algae blooms, dispersed by ocean currents to settle out everywhere. 
A) They are eroded mostly from desert areas and carried to the sea by winds or rainstorms. 
B) They are mostly volcanic ash particles erupted onto the seafloor; this is their colour. 
C) Slow settling of fine clay-sized mineral particles allows for complete oxidation of their iron by dissolved oxygen. 
D) These are the residues of red algae blooms, dispersed by ocean currents to settle out everywhere.

Question 3

The ________ lies at the base of the continental slope.

Accepted Answer

A) offshore shelf 
B) off-slope reef 
C) continental rift 
D) continental rise 
A) offshore shelf 
B) off-slope reef 
C) continental rift 
D) continental rise

Question 4

Satellites like SEASAT can observe the ocean using ________ to measure sealevel to +/- 2 cm and infer the seabed bathymetry from the ________ exerted by the variable elevation and mass of seabed features.

Accepted Answer

A) accelerometers, magnetism 
B) infrared radiation, temperature and heat effects 
C) microwave beams, gravitational pull 
D) surveying telescopes, tidal pull 
A) accelerometers, magnetism 
B) infrared radiation, temperature and heat effects 
C) microwave beams, gravitational pull 
D) surveying telescopes, tidal pull

Question 5

Submerged, flat-topped volcanoes that rise from the deep ocean floor are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Submerged, flat-topped volcanoes that rise from the...

Question 6

What is meant by graded bedding?

Accepted Answer

A) Particle sizes in a single, sedimentary bed change from pebbles and coarse sands at the base to silt and mud at the top. 
B) Muddy and silty strata grade upward into sandy and pebbly strata. 
C) Strata have the same thicknesses and bedding contacts are smooth and flat. 
D) Thin, laminated, storm-beds slope gently back towards the land. 
A) Particle sizes in a single, sedimentary bed change from pebbles and coarse sands at the base to silt and mud at the top. 
B) Muddy and silty strata grade upward into sandy and pebbly strata. 
C) Strata have the same thicknesses and bedding contacts are smooth and flat. 
D) Thin, laminated, storm-beds slope gently back towards the land.

Question 7

________ continental margins typically exhibit wide, extensive, continental shelves.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ continental margins typically exhibit wide, extensive,...

Question 8

The largest regions underlain by deformed marine sediments occur on ________.

Accepted Answer

A) active continental margins 
B) mid-ocean ridges 
C) passive continental margins 
D) deep ocean basins 
A) active continental margins 
B) mid-ocean ridges 
C) passive continental margins 
D) deep ocean basins

Question 9

Geologically, what is the best way to explain the thousands of metres of coral limestone beneath most atolls?

Accepted Answer

A) Sea level has fallen thousands of metres since the reef began to grow. 
B) An eroded volcanic seamount rose thousands of metres after the limestone formed. 
C) The eroded volcano slowly sank as sea level remained steady or rose gradually. 
D) The volcano never reached the surface, but built a very thick cap of coral limestones from its deep submarine hot springs emissions. 
A) Sea level has fallen thousands of metres since the reef began to grow. 
B) An eroded volcanic seamount rose thousands of metres after the limestone formed. 
C) The eroded volcano slowly sank as sea level remained steady or rose gradually. 
D) The volcano never reached the surface, but built a very thick cap of coral limestones from its deep submarine hot springs emissions.

Question 10

Which one of the following statements concerning submarine canyons is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) They extend from the continental shelf to the base of the continental slope. 
B) They channel turbidity currents down the continental slope to deeper waters. 
C) They generally connect across the continental shelf to specific river valleys on land. 
D) They were cut by streams and rivers during the Pleistocene when sea level had dropped to the base of the continental slope. 
A) They extend from the continental shelf to the base of the continental slope. 
B) They channel turbidity currents down the continental slope to deeper waters. 
C) They generally connect across the continental shelf to specific river valleys on land. 
D) They were cut by streams and rivers during the Pleistocene when sea level had dropped to the base of the continental slope.

Question 11

Which one of the following would typically have the narrowest continental shelf?

Accepted Answer

A) a tectonically passive, trailing continental margin 
B) a tectonically passive, mid-ocean ridge and trench system 
C) a tectonically active continental margin next to a deep ocean trench 
D) an atoll 
A) a tectonically passive, trailing continental margin 
B) a tectonically passive, mid-ocean ridge and trench system 
C) a tectonically active continental margin next to a deep ocean trench 
D) an atoll

Question 12

During seafloor spreading, new basaltic material is added equally to both plates, and seafloor slides downhill away from the elevated ridge system at equal rates in both directions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Submerged, flat-topped seamounts are known as guyots.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Briefly discuss the formation and structure of oceanic crust.What rock compositions are involved and how do these compositions change as a result of interaction with seawater?

Accepted Answer

Oceanic crust is generated at mid-ocean

Question 15

If you are sailing across the continental shelf in Queen Charlotte Sound and your echo sounder reported the bottom at 200 milliseconds (0.200 sec)at the maximum depth crossing the axis of Mitchell Trough, how deep is the seabed in the middle of this drowned submarine valley? Use the equation: depth (m)= 0.5 * (1500 m/s * total 2-way travel time in sec)

Accepted Answer

A) 150 metres 
B) 15 metres 
C) 1500 metres 
D) 500 metres 
A) 150 metres 
B) 15 metres 
C) 1500 metres 
D) 500 metres

Question 16

Where are the greatest number of deep ocean trenches found?

Accepted Answer

A) along the western edge of North America 
B) along the western edge of the Pacific 
C) along the eastern margins of the Atlantic 
D) around the rim of the Arctic 
A) along the western edge of North America 
B) along the western edge of the Pacific 
C) along the eastern margins of the Atlantic 
D) around the rim of the Arctic

Question 17

What kind of speeds do turbidity currents achieve, like the 1929 "Grand Banks" event that cut submarine telegraph cables up to 600 kilometres away some 13 hours after the event?

Accepted Answer

20 m/s on slope (72 km/hr)and

Question 18

Name three criteria for the formation of living, active coral reefs.

Accepted Answer

shallow <45 metres depth, clea

Question 19

How do atolls differ from regular coral reefs and how was this determined?

Accepted Answer

Coral reefs grow within 45 metres depth

Question 20

How much of the Earth's surface is covered by the deep ocean basins?

Accepted Answer

A) 15% 
B) 30% 
C) 50% 
D) 65% 
A) 15% 
B) 30% 
C) 50% 
D) 65%

Seafloor spreading occurs along relatively narrow areas at the crests of oceanic ridges called ________.

Why are the deep sea clays mostly red or brown?

The ________ lies at the base of the continental slope.

Satellites like SEASAT can observe the ocean using to measure sealevel to +/- 2 cm and infer the seabed bathymetry from the exerted by the variable elevation and mass of seabed features.

Submerged, flat-topped volcanoes that rise from the deep ocean floor are called ________.

What is meant by graded bedding?

________ continental margins typically exhibit wide, extensive, continental shelves.

The largest regions underlain by deformed marine sediments occur on ________.

Geologically, what is the best way to explain the thousands of metres of coral limestone beneath most atolls?

Which one of the following statements concerning submarine canyons is not true?

Which one of the following would typically have the narrowest continental shelf?

During seafloor spreading, new basaltic material is added equally to both plates, and seafloor slides downhill away from the elevated ridge system at equal rates in both directions.

Submerged, flat-topped seamounts are known as guyots.

Briefly discuss the formation and structure of oceanic crust.What rock compositions are involved and how do these compositions change as a result of interaction with seawater?

Where are the greatest number of deep ocean trenches found?

What kind of speeds do turbidity currents achieve, like the 1929 "Grand Banks" event that cut submarine telegraph cables up to 600 kilometres away some 13 hours after the event?

Name three criteria for the formation of living, active coral reefs.

How do atolls differ from regular coral reefs and how was this determined?

How much of the Earth's surface is covered by the deep ocean basins?

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: The Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earth's Interior

Plate Tectonics: The Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: The Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

Exam 11: The Ocean Floor

Seafloor spreading occurs along relatively narrow areas at the crests of oceanic ridges called ________.

Why are the deep sea clays mostly red or brown?

The ________ lies at the base of the continental slope.

Satellites like SEASAT can observe the ocean using ________ to measure sealevel to +/- 2 cm and infer the seabed bathymetry from the ________ exerted by the variable elevation and mass of seabed features.

Submerged, flat-topped volcanoes that rise from the deep ocean floor are called ________.

What is meant by graded bedding?

________ continental margins typically exhibit wide, extensive, continental shelves.

The largest regions underlain by deformed marine sediments occur on ________.

Geologically, what is the best way to explain the thousands of metres of coral limestone beneath most atolls?

Which one of the following statements concerning submarine canyons is not true?

Which one of the following would typically have the narrowest continental shelf?

During seafloor spreading, new basaltic material is added equally to both plates, and seafloor slides downhill away from the elevated ridge system at equal rates in both directions.

Submerged, flat-topped seamounts are known as guyots.

Briefly discuss the formation and structure of oceanic crust.What rock compositions are involved and how do these compositions change as a result of interaction with seawater?

Where are the greatest number of deep ocean trenches found?

What kind of speeds do turbidity currents achieve, like the 1929 "Grand Banks" event that cut submarine telegraph cables up to 600 kilometres away some 13 hours after the event?

Name three criteria for the formation of living, active coral reefs.

How do atolls differ from regular coral reefs and how was this determined?

How much of the Earth's surface is covered by the deep ocean basins?

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: The Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earth's Interior

Plate Tectonics: The Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: The Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

Satellites like SEASAT can observe the ocean using to measure sealevel to +/- 2 cm and infer the seabed bathymetry from the exerted by the variable elevation and mass of seabed features.