Question 1

The ________ is the point on the surface directly above the site of initial earthquake rupture.

Accepted Answer

epicentre

Question 2

Why are the travel-time curves for the P-wave and S-wave arrivals curved and not straight lines?

Accepted Answer

A) The greater the distance, the deeper the P and S waves travel, refracting through progressively denser layers. 
B) During an earthquake, Earth shakes so much that it is like a quivering rubber ball and all of the distances are wrong. 
C) They should be straight lines.Earth is flat and the time-travel graph proves it! 
D) They have to bend with the curvature of the Earth. 
A) The greater the distance, the deeper the P and S waves travel, refracting through progressively denser layers. 
B) During an earthquake, Earth shakes so much that it is like a quivering rubber ball and all of the distances are wrong. 
C) They should be straight lines.Earth is flat and the time-travel graph proves it! 
D) They have to bend with the curvature of the Earth. A

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Tsunamis are only serious threats to low lying coastal areas near an earthquake epicentre because the waves have lost most of their energy after moving across 100 kilometres of open water. 
B) Tsunamis lose little of their energy moving long distances through open water, so they can present serious threats to low lying coastal areas, even thousands of kilometres from the location of the initiating earthquake or submarine landslide. 
C) Tsunamis only travel short distances so coastal areas have to be close to the epicentre to be in any real danger. 
D) Tsunamis stop when they reach a shoreline so people are safe as long as they stay inland. 
A) Tsunamis are only serious threats to low lying coastal areas near an earthquake epicentre because the waves have lost most of their energy after moving across 100 kilometres of open water. 
B) Tsunamis lose little of their energy moving long distances through open water, so they can present serious threats to low lying coastal areas, even thousands of kilometres from the location of the initiating earthquake or submarine landslide. 
C) Tsunamis only travel short distances so coastal areas have to be close to the epicentre to be in any real danger. 
D) Tsunamis stop when they reach a shoreline so people are safe as long as they stay inland. B

Question 4

Carefully study the seismogram below and note the features labeled A through G.On the blanks provided beside each item below, note the letter below that corresponds to that item.
   
a)An S-wave ________	b)The first S-wave ________
c)The first P-wave ________	d)An L-wave ________
e)A surface wave ________

Accepted Answer

a)C or D

Question 5

The ________ transmits P waves but not S waves.

Accepted Answer

A) outer core 
B) crust 
C) mantle 
D) lithosphere 
A) outer core 
B) crust 
C) mantle 
D) lithosphere

Question 6

The ________ earthquake was accompanied by extensive fire damage.

Accepted Answer

A) Anchorage, 1964 
B) San Francisco, 1906 
C) Mexico City, 1985 
D) Haiti, 2010 
A) Anchorage, 1964 
B) San Francisco, 1906 
C) Mexico City, 1985 
D) Haiti, 2010

Question 7

Because their energy dissipates rapidly in deep ocean waters, tsunamis seldom pose any danger to coastal areas far away from the causative earthquake.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What happens inside a rock as a wave front from an S wave passes through?

Accepted Answer

A) The little parcel of rock rotates about its own location in an ellipse until the wave passes. 
B) The little parcel of rock shimmies from side to side as the wave passes, with the greatest motion at the Earth's surface, dying out with depth. 
C) The volume of the rock stays fixed, but it shears back and forth, distorting the rock's internal shape as the wave passes through. 
D) The rock moves toward and away from the earthquake as the volume of the material alternately expands and contracts, changing the rock's density while the compression-rarefaction wave passes through. 
A) The little parcel of rock rotates about its own location in an ellipse until the wave passes. 
B) The little parcel of rock shimmies from side to side as the wave passes, with the greatest motion at the Earth's surface, dying out with depth. 
C) The volume of the rock stays fixed, but it shears back and forth, distorting the rock's internal shape as the wave passes through. 
D) The rock moves toward and away from the earthquake as the volume of the material alternately expands and contracts, changing the rock's density while the compression-rarefaction wave passes through.

Question 9

________ have no rigidity or shear strength so they will not propagate ________ waves.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ have no rigidity or shear strength...

Question 10

An earthquake of magnitude 7.5 releases about how much more energy than one of magnitude 5.5?

Accepted Answer

The answer of An earthquake of magnitude 7.5 releases about...

Question 11

How many seismic stations are needed to determine the exact epicentre location of an earthquake and explain how you would do this?

Accepted Answer

3 or more (non colinear)stations, by mea

Question 12

Would earthquakes of similar magnitudes in different regions of the Earth cause approximately the same levels of damage necessarily? In your explanation, consider both geologic and human-induced factors.

Accepted Answer

No.Different geology (substrates)will re

Question 13

Locked fault segments experience slow creep movements, rendering them less likely to host a large magnitude earthquake.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The geologic term, ________, denotes phenomena that precede an earthquake and might be used to give advance warning.

Accepted Answer

A) creepy feelings 
B) precursor 
C) premonition 
D) prescience 
A) creepy feelings 
B) precursor 
C) premonition 
D) prescience

Question 15

Name three factors which affect the amount of structural damage to buildings and engineering works that are directly attributable to earthquake vibrations.

Accepted Answer

1)intensity (acceleration)of shaking, 
2

Question 16

Each unit on Richter's scale corresponds to a 32-fold increase in ground motion and wave amplitude but only a 10-fold increase in energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

S waves are waves that can travel through solid and liquid media.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

________ refers to the tendency for a foundation material to lose its internal cohesion and fail mechanically during earthquake shaking.

Accepted Answer

A) Slurrying 
B) Liquefaction 
C) Ooey-gooefication 
D) Seismoflowage 
A) Slurrying 
B) Liquefaction 
C) Ooey-gooefication 
D) Seismoflowage

Question 19

Sturdy, wood-frame houses seldom collapse from earthquake shaking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

One way we know that tsunamis are "gravity" waves and not "pressure" waves, is they are limited by the speed of sound.The speed of sound in ordinary ocean water is 1.5 km/sec.What is the wave speed of a tsunami in km/sec if it can move 900 km/hr in the open ocean? What mach number is this (how many times the speed of sound in water)?

Accepted Answer

2.64 km/sec = 900 km/hr X 1 hr

The ________ is the point on the surface directly above the site of initial earthquake rupture.

Why are the travel-time curves for the P-wave and S-wave arrivals curved and not straight lines?

Which of the following statements is true?

Carefully study the seismogram below and note the features labeled A through G.On the blanks provided beside each item below, note the letter below that corresponds to that item. a)An S-wave b)The first S-wave c)The first P-wave d)An L-wave e)A surface wave

The ________ transmits P waves but not S waves.

The ________ earthquake was accompanied by extensive fire damage.

Because their energy dissipates rapidly in deep ocean waters, tsunamis seldom pose any danger to coastal areas far away from the causative earthquake.

What happens inside a rock as a wave front from an S wave passes through?

have no rigidity or shear strength so they will not propagate waves.

An earthquake of magnitude 7.5 releases about how much more energy than one of magnitude 5.5?

How many seismic stations are needed to determine the exact epicentre location of an earthquake and explain how you would do this?

Would earthquakes of similar magnitudes in different regions of the Earth cause approximately the same levels of damage necessarily? In your explanation, consider both geologic and human-induced factors.

Locked fault segments experience slow creep movements, rendering them less likely to host a large magnitude earthquake.

The geologic term, ________, denotes phenomena that precede an earthquake and might be used to give advance warning.

Name three factors which affect the amount of structural damage to buildings and engineering works that are directly attributable to earthquake vibrations.

Each unit on Richter's scale corresponds to a 32-fold increase in ground motion and wave amplitude but only a 10-fold increase in energy.

S waves are waves that can travel through solid and liquid media.

________ refers to the tendency for a foundation material to lose its internal cohesion and fail mechanically during earthquake shaking.

Sturdy, wood-frame houses seldom collapse from earthquake shaking.

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: The Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: The Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: The Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

Exam 10: Earthquakes and Earth's Interior

The ________ is the point on the surface directly above the site of initial earthquake rupture.

Why are the travel-time curves for the P-wave and S-wave arrivals curved and not straight lines?

Which of the following statements is true?

The ________ transmits P waves but not S waves.

The ________ earthquake was accompanied by extensive fire damage.

Because their energy dissipates rapidly in deep ocean waters, tsunamis seldom pose any danger to coastal areas far away from the causative earthquake.

What happens inside a rock as a wave front from an S wave passes through?

________ have no rigidity or shear strength so they will not propagate ________ waves.

An earthquake of magnitude 7.5 releases about how much more energy than one of magnitude 5.5?

How many seismic stations are needed to determine the exact epicentre location of an earthquake and explain how you would do this?

Would earthquakes of similar magnitudes in different regions of the Earth cause approximately the same levels of damage necessarily? In your explanation, consider both geologic and human-induced factors.

Locked fault segments experience slow creep movements, rendering them less likely to host a large magnitude earthquake.

The geologic term, ________, denotes phenomena that precede an earthquake and might be used to give advance warning.

Name three factors which affect the amount of structural damage to buildings and engineering works that are directly attributable to earthquake vibrations.

Each unit on Richter's scale corresponds to a 32-fold increase in ground motion and wave amplitude but only a 10-fold increase in energy.

S waves are waves that can travel through solid and liquid media.

________ refers to the tendency for a foundation material to lose its internal cohesion and fail mechanically during earthquake shaking.

Sturdy, wood-frame houses seldom collapse from earthquake shaking.

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: The Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: The Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: The Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

have no rigidity or shear strength so they will not propagate waves.