Question 1

Which of the following supports the notion that impairment of the prefrontal cortex is related to the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  MRI studies indicate abnormalities within the temporal cortex of schizophrenics. 
B)  Schizophrenic patients show greater activity of the frontal cortex than do controls. 
C)  Schizophrenic patients do poorly on neuropsychological tests that are sensitive to damage of the prefrontal cortex. 
D)  MRI studies indicate abnormalities within the parietal cortex of schizophrenics. 
E)  Schizophrenic patients show a greater number of neurons within the gray matter of the frontal cortex. 
A)  MRI studies indicate abnormalities within the temporal cortex of schizophrenics. 
B)  Schizophrenic patients show greater activity of the frontal cortex than do controls. 
C)  Schizophrenic patients do poorly on neuropsychological tests that are sensitive to damage of the prefrontal cortex. 
D)  MRI studies indicate abnormalities within the parietal cortex of schizophrenics. 
E)  Schizophrenic patients show a greater number of neurons within the gray matter of the frontal cortex.

Question 2

________ delivered electrical shock to the brains of mental patients because he believed that the occurrence of a brain seizure appeared to reduce symptoms in psychiatric patients.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ delivered electrical shock to the brains...

Question 3

Clozapine is referred to as an "atypical" antischizophrenic drug because it

Accepted Answer

A)  can reverse schizophrenic symptoms without producing the motor disorder tardive dyskinesia. 
B)  has little blocking action within the striatum. 
C)  is more potent at blocking D2 receptors than D4 receptors. 
D)  effectively treats schizophrenia, but also produces motor side effects. 
E)  was an accidental discovery. 
A)  can reverse schizophrenic symptoms without producing the motor disorder tardive dyskinesia. 
B)  has little blocking action within the striatum. 
C)  is more potent at blocking D2 receptors than D4 receptors. 
D)  effectively treats schizophrenia, but also produces motor side effects. 
E)  was an accidental discovery.

Question 4

The dopamine schizophrenia hypothesis is supported by the finding that

Accepted Answer

A)  antipsychotic drugs are dopamine agonists. 
B)  cocaine and amphetamine do not have antischizophrenic effects. 
C)  drugs that induce schizophrenic symptoms are dopamine antagonists. 
D)  dopamine antagonists relieve the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. 
E)  reserpine depletes monoamine vesicles and makes schizophrenia worse. 
A)  antipsychotic drugs are dopamine agonists. 
B)  cocaine and amphetamine do not have antischizophrenic effects. 
C)  drugs that induce schizophrenic symptoms are dopamine antagonists. 
D)  dopamine antagonists relieve the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. 
E)  reserpine depletes monoamine vesicles and makes schizophrenia worse.

Question 5

The majority of schizophrenia cases will develop between the ages of

Accepted Answer

A)  12-14. 
B)  20-24. 
C)  30-34. 
D)  40-44. 
E)  55-59. 
A)  12-14. 
B)  20-24. 
C)  30-34. 
D)  40-44. 
E)  55-59.

Question 6

With more stressful life events, some people cope better than others. One line of research suggests that individuals have a(n) ____________ risk of depression with one or two copies of ____________ alleles for the promotor region of the 5-HT transporter.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased; short 
B)  increased; long 
C)  decreased; short 
D)  decreased; long 
E)  increased; medium 
A)  increased; short 
B)  increased; long 
C)  decreased; short 
D)  decreased; long 
E)  increased; medium

Question 7

Studies by Weinberger and others of brain abnormality in schizophrenic patients report

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased number of gyri and sulci in control patients. 
B)  increased number of cells within the corpus callosum in schizophrenic patients. 
C)  larger lateral ventricles in schizophrenic patients. 
D)  flattening of the cortex in schizophrenic patients. 
E)  schizophrenic patients show more problems with eye tracking than do controls. 
A)  decreased number of gyri and sulci in control patients. 
B)  increased number of cells within the corpus callosum in schizophrenic patients. 
C)  larger lateral ventricles in schizophrenic patients. 
D)  flattening of the cortex in schizophrenic patients. 
E)  schizophrenic patients show more problems with eye tracking than do controls.

Question 8

PCP acts as a(n) ________ at ________ receptors.

Accepted Answer

A)  agonist; NMDA 
B)  antagonist; dopamine 
C)  agonist; acetylcholine 
D)  indirect antagonist; NMDA 
E)  antagonist; GABA 
A)  agonist; NMDA 
B)  antagonist; dopamine 
C)  agonist; acetylcholine 
D)  indirect antagonist; NMDA 
E)  antagonist; GABA

Question 9

Weinberger argues that the negative symptoms of schizophrenia are related to

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of neurons from the cerebellum. 
B)  elevated dopamine activity within the nucleus accumbens. 
C)  increased neural activity within the ventral tegmental area. 
D)  decreased activity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. 
E)  increased activity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. 
A)  loss of neurons from the cerebellum. 
B)  elevated dopamine activity within the nucleus accumbens. 
C)  increased neural activity within the ventral tegmental area. 
D)  decreased activity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. 
E)  increased activity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

Question 10

Complications of prenatal development and delivery are more likely to result in

Accepted Answer

A)  depression. 
B)  anxiety disorder. 
C)  obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
D)  early-onset schizophrenia. 
E)  agoraphobia. 
A)  depression. 
B)  anxiety disorder. 
C)  obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
D)  early-onset schizophrenia. 
E)  agoraphobia.

Question 11

A drug that binds with high affinity to a receptor, but has less efficacy than the endogenous transmitter, would be termed a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  pseudo-agonist. 
B)  antagonist. 
C)  partial agonist. 
D)  autoreceptor agonist. 
E)  autoreceptor antagonist. 
A)  pseudo-agonist. 
B)  antagonist. 
C)  partial agonist. 
D)  autoreceptor agonist. 
E)  autoreceptor antagonist.

Question 12

The atypical antipsychotic clozapine produces a(n) ________ activity within the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in GABA; ventral tegmental area 
B)  decrease in GABA; ventral tegmental area 
C)  increase in dopamine; nucleus accumbens 
D)  decrease in dopamine; hippocampus 
E)  increase in dopamine; prefrontal cortex 
A)  increase in GABA; ventral tegmental area 
B)  decrease in GABA; ventral tegmental area 
C)  increase in dopamine; nucleus accumbens 
D)  decrease in dopamine; hippocampus 
E)  increase in dopamine; prefrontal cortex

Question 13

The negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

A)  are best illustrated by delusions. 
B)  represent additions to normal behaviors. 
C)  are likely to be caused by excessive brain dopamine activity. 
D)  represent the absence of normal behaviors. 
E)  are best illustrated by hallucinations. 
A)  are best illustrated by delusions. 
B)  represent additions to normal behaviors. 
C)  are likely to be caused by excessive brain dopamine activity. 
D)  represent the absence of normal behaviors. 
E)  are best illustrated by hallucinations.

Question 14

Women seeking to reduce the risk of their offspring developing schizophrenia would do well to seek a mate who

Accepted Answer

A)  is in his early twenties. 
B)  has abstained from drugs and alcohol. 
C)  is older than fifty. 
D)  smokes marijuana, but does not use alcohol. 
E)  has an identical twin who is schizophrenic. 
A)  is in his early twenties. 
B)  has abstained from drugs and alcohol. 
C)  is older than fifty. 
D)  smokes marijuana, but does not use alcohol. 
E)  has an identical twin who is schizophrenic.

Question 15

A key prediction of the viral hypothesis of schizophrenia is that

Accepted Answer

A)  children born a few months after a flu outbreak are more likely to develop schizophrenia. 
B)  mothers taking antibiotics should be unlikely to have schizophrenic offspring. 
C)  children born a few months before a flu outbreak are more likely to develop schizophrenia. 
D)  exposure of the fetus to a virus during the third trimester is most likely to induce schizophrenia. 
E)  antiviral drugs have increased the incidence of schizophrenia. 
A)  children born a few months after a flu outbreak are more likely to develop schizophrenia. 
B)  mothers taking antibiotics should be unlikely to have schizophrenic offspring. 
C)  children born a few months before a flu outbreak are more likely to develop schizophrenia. 
D)  exposure of the fetus to a virus during the third trimester is most likely to induce schizophrenia. 
E)  antiviral drugs have increased the incidence of schizophrenia.

Question 16

All but ________ are a symptom of depression.

Accepted Answer

A)  slow movements 
B)  periods of intense crying 
C)  increased appetite for sex 
D)  decreased appetite for food 
E)  sleep disturbances 
A)  slow movements 
B)  periods of intense crying 
C)  increased appetite for sex 
D)  decreased appetite for food 
E)  sleep disturbances

Question 17

Patients with _____________ are unable to stop moving. This condition is common among individuals who take antipsychotic medications.

Accepted Answer

A)  Parkinson's disease 
B)  Huntington's disease 
C)  tardive dyskinesia 
D)  paroxysmal dyskinesia 
E)  athetosis 
A)  Parkinson's disease 
B)  Huntington's disease 
C)  tardive dyskinesia 
D)  paroxysmal dyskinesia 
E)  athetosis

Question 18

What is the benefit of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?

Accepted Answer

A)  ECT works quicker than pharmacological treatments. 
B)  Individuals who experience ECT avoid relapse. 
C)  Individuals who experience ECT do not experience brain damage. 
D)  Individuals who experience ECT have increased brain activity. 
E)  It is effective against bipolar disorder. 
A)  ECT works quicker than pharmacological treatments. 
B)  Individuals who experience ECT avoid relapse. 
C)  Individuals who experience ECT do not experience brain damage. 
D)  Individuals who experience ECT have increased brain activity. 
E)  It is effective against bipolar disorder.

Question 19

Which of the following is true of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Schizophrenia has been recognized as a disorder for hundreds of years. 
B)  Schizophrenia is a serious disorder only in adulthood. 
C)  The incidence of schizophrenia is about 10 percent of the world population. 
D)  The term means "split mind." 
E)  The term is synonymous with bipolar disorder. 
A)  Schizophrenia has been recognized as a disorder for hundreds of years. 
B)  Schizophrenia is a serious disorder only in adulthood. 
C)  The incidence of schizophrenia is about 10 percent of the world population. 
D)  The term means "split mind." 
E)  The term is synonymous with bipolar disorder.

Question 20

Identical twins who are mirror images in terms of their ________ are more likely to be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fingerprints; monochorionic 
B)  ventricular size; dichorionic 
C)  hair color; dichorionic 
D)  handedness; dichorionic 
E)  facial features; trichorionic 
A)  fingerprints; monochorionic 
B)  ventricular size; dichorionic 
C)  hair color; dichorionic 
D)  handedness; dichorionic 
E)  facial features; trichorionic

Which of the following supports the notion that impairment of the prefrontal cortex is related to the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

________ delivered electrical shock to the brains of mental patients because he believed that the occurrence of a brain seizure appeared to reduce symptoms in psychiatric patients.

Clozapine is referred to as an "atypical" antischizophrenic drug because it

The dopamine schizophrenia hypothesis is supported by the finding that

The majority of schizophrenia cases will develop between the ages of

With more stressful life events, some people cope better than others. One line of research suggests that individuals have a(n) risk of depression with one or two copies of alleles for the promotor region of the 5-HT transporter.

Studies by Weinberger and others of brain abnormality in schizophrenic patients report

PCP acts as a(n) at receptors.

Weinberger argues that the negative symptoms of schizophrenia are related to

Complications of prenatal development and delivery are more likely to result in

A drug that binds with high affinity to a receptor, but has less efficacy than the endogenous transmitter, would be termed a(n)

The atypical antipsychotic clozapine produces a(n) activity within the .

The negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Women seeking to reduce the risk of their offspring developing schizophrenia would do well to seek a mate who

A key prediction of the viral hypothesis of schizophrenia is that

All but ________ are a symptom of depression.

Patients with _____________ are unable to stop moving. This condition is common among individuals who take antipsychotic medications.

What is the benefit of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?

Which of the following is true of schizophrenia?

Identical twins who are mirror images in terms of their are more likely to be .

Introduction

Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Substance Abuse

Filters

Exam 16: Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Which of the following supports the notion that impairment of the prefrontal cortex is related to the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

________ delivered electrical shock to the brains of mental patients because he believed that the occurrence of a brain seizure appeared to reduce symptoms in psychiatric patients.

Clozapine is referred to as an "atypical" antischizophrenic drug because it

The dopamine schizophrenia hypothesis is supported by the finding that

The majority of schizophrenia cases will develop between the ages of

With more stressful life events, some people cope better than others. One line of research suggests that individuals have a(n) ____________ risk of depression with one or two copies of ____________ alleles for the promotor region of the 5-HT transporter.

Studies by Weinberger and others of brain abnormality in schizophrenic patients report

PCP acts as a(n) ________ at ________ receptors.

Weinberger argues that the negative symptoms of schizophrenia are related to

Complications of prenatal development and delivery are more likely to result in

A drug that binds with high affinity to a receptor, but has less efficacy than the endogenous transmitter, would be termed a(n)

The atypical antipsychotic clozapine produces a(n) ________ activity within the ________.

The negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Women seeking to reduce the risk of their offspring developing schizophrenia would do well to seek a mate who

A key prediction of the viral hypothesis of schizophrenia is that

All but ________ are a symptom of depression.

Patients with _____________ are unable to stop moving. This condition is common among individuals who take antipsychotic medications.

What is the benefit of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?

Which of the following is true of schizophrenia?

Identical twins who are mirror images in terms of their ________ are more likely to be ________.

Introduction

Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Substance Abuse

Filters

With more stressful life events, some people cope better than others. One line of research suggests that individuals have a(n) risk of depression with one or two copies of alleles for the promotor region of the 5-HT transporter.

PCP acts as a(n) at receptors.

The atypical antipsychotic clozapine produces a(n) activity within the .

Identical twins who are mirror images in terms of their are more likely to be .