Question 1

Which of the following is true of receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  The effects of hormones do not involve receptor activation. 
B)  Neurotransmitters act on binding sites on receptors to exert their effects. 
C)  Receptors are insensitive to drugs. 
D)  Neuromodulators are ligands that come from outside the body. 
E)  Hormone receptors are found in all tissues except brain. 
A)  The effects of hormones do not involve receptor activation. 
B)  Neurotransmitters act on binding sites on receptors to exert their effects. 
C)  Receptors are insensitive to drugs. 
D)  Neuromodulators are ligands that come from outside the body. 
E)  Hormone receptors are found in all tissues except brain.

Question 2

Which of the following is true regarding the action potential (AP)?

Accepted Answer

A)  The AP is conducted along the dendrite. 
B)  The AP is conducted faster in unmyelinated nerve cells 
C)  The AP is an all-or-none electrical event 
D)  The AP amplitude is higher for an intense signal. 
E)  The AP amplitude depends on its location along the axon. 
A)  The AP is conducted along the dendrite. 
B)  The AP is conducted faster in unmyelinated nerve cells 
C)  The AP is an all-or-none electrical event 
D)  The AP amplitude is higher for an intense signal. 
E)  The AP amplitude depends on its location along the axon.

Question 3

_______ neurons gather information from the environment related to light, odors, and contact of our skin with objects.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensory 
B)  Motor 
C)  Inter- 
D)  Relay inter- 
E)  Local inter- 
A)  Sensory 
B)  Motor 
C)  Inter- 
D)  Relay inter- 
E)  Local inter-

Question 4

An IPSP will be produced when a ligand

Accepted Answer

A)  closes a sodium channel. 
B)  opens a sodium channel. 
C)  opens a potassium channel. 
D)  closes a calcium channel. 
E)  opens a calcium channel. 
A)  closes a sodium channel. 
B)  opens a sodium channel. 
C)  opens a potassium channel. 
D)  closes a calcium channel. 
E)  opens a calcium channel.

Question 5

Which of the following structures is the site of production of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  vesicles 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  genes 
D)  myeline. 
E)  the nucleolus 
A)  vesicles 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  genes 
D)  myeline. 
E)  the nucleolus

Question 6

Match up the correct receptor type and effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  metabotropic; direct opening of an ion channel 
B)  ionotropic; more time required to open an ion channel 
C)  metabotropic; G protein activation leads to activation of a second-messenger 
D)  metabotropic; rapid opening of a single ion channel 
E)  metabotropic; rapid short-lived effects on ion channels 
A)  metabotropic; direct opening of an ion channel 
B)  ionotropic; more time required to open an ion channel 
C)  metabotropic; G protein activation leads to activation of a second-messenger 
D)  metabotropic; rapid opening of a single ion channel 
E)  metabotropic; rapid short-lived effects on ion channels

Question 7

In order to produce a depolarization or hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane, neurotransmitters

Accepted Answer

A)  diffuse widely in the brain to exert changes in metabolism. 
B)  act through ionotropic receptors to activate a second-messenger. 
C)  are released into the synapse from the cisternae. 
D)  open ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. 
E)  alter ion channel activity for minutes. 
A)  diffuse widely in the brain to exert changes in metabolism. 
B)  act through ionotropic receptors to activate a second-messenger. 
C)  are released into the synapse from the cisternae. 
D)  open ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. 
E)  alter ion channel activity for minutes.

Question 8

Action potentials are generated at the _______ and are conducted along the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  axon hillock; axon 
B)  axon; dendrite 
C)  terminal buttons; dendrite 
D)  dendrite; glial membrane 
E)  axon button; glial membrane 
A)  axon hillock; axon 
B)  axon; dendrite 
C)  terminal buttons; dendrite 
D)  dendrite; glial membrane 
E)  axon button; glial membrane

Question 9

A large, dense-core vesicle found in the axon terminal is likely to contain

Accepted Answer

A)  peptide neurotransmitters 
B)  neurotransmitter receptors. 
C)  enzymes that degrade transmitter molecules 
D)  synthesis peptides. 
E)  nonpeptide transmitter molecules. 
A)  peptide neurotransmitters 
B)  neurotransmitter receptors. 
C)  enzymes that degrade transmitter molecules 
D)  synthesis peptides. 
E)  nonpeptide transmitter molecules.

Question 10

2- The effects of acetylcholine are prolonged by drugs that inactivate the enzyme ________.

Accepted Answer

ACHe or ac

Question 11

The term _______ is derived from the word meaning "little bladder."

Accepted Answer

A)  vesicle 
B)  neurite 
C)  cisternae 
D)  mitochondria 
E)  storage pool 
A)  vesicle 
B)  neurite 
C)  cisternae 
D)  mitochondria 
E)  storage pool

Question 12

Explain how the presence of myelin on an axon speeds up conduction velocity.

Accepted Answer

In saltatory conduction, the axon is wra

Question 13

Synaptic vesicles are produced in the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  neuron soma 
B)  dendrites 
C)  glial cells 
D)  neuron lysosomes 
E)  astrocytes 
A)  neuron soma 
B)  dendrites 
C)  glial cells 
D)  neuron lysosomes 
E)  astrocytes

Question 14

A key function of specialized lipid molecules located in the nerve cell is to

Accepted Answer

A)  detect the presence of hormones outside the cell. 
B)  form the membrane. 
C)  form channels to carry ions in and out of the cell. 
D)  transport molecules into the cell. 
E)  transport vesicles within the neuron. 
A)  detect the presence of hormones outside the cell. 
B)  form the membrane. 
C)  form channels to carry ions in and out of the cell. 
D)  transport molecules into the cell. 
E)  transport vesicles within the neuron.

Question 15

Depolarizations of the axon membrane that are below the threshold of activation

Accepted Answer

A)  involve activation of the sodium-potassium pump. 
B)  remain the same size at each point along the membrane. 
C)  are just smaller versions of the action potential. 
D)  decrease in size as they sweep along the membrane. 
E)  are not conducted along the membrane. 
A)  involve activation of the sodium-potassium pump. 
B)  remain the same size at each point along the membrane. 
C)  are just smaller versions of the action potential. 
D)  decrease in size as they sweep along the membrane. 
E)  are not conducted along the membrane.

Question 16

Autoreceptors

Accepted Answer

A)  are sensitive to neuropeptides. 
B)  control the release of calcium ions from the axon terminal. 
C)  mostly facilitate neuron function. 
D)  are metabotropic. 
E)  control the formation of new dendritic spines. 
A)  are sensitive to neuropeptides. 
B)  control the release of calcium ions from the axon terminal. 
C)  mostly facilitate neuron function. 
D)  are metabotropic. 
E)  control the formation of new dendritic spines.

Question 17

Saltatory conduction is rapid because

Accepted Answer

A)  cable properties carry the signal under the myelin sheath. 
B)  myelinated cells have more leakage through the membrane. 
C)  myelinated axons are larger in diameter. 
D)  myelinated cells have more ion channels per unit area than do non-myelinated cells. 
E)  myelinated fibers have a lower threshold of activation. 
A)  cable properties carry the signal under the myelin sheath. 
B)  myelinated cells have more leakage through the membrane. 
C)  myelinated axons are larger in diameter. 
D)  myelinated cells have more ion channels per unit area than do non-myelinated cells. 
E)  myelinated fibers have a lower threshold of activation.

Question 18

A change in the axon membrane potential from -70 mV to -90 mV would be termed a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarization. 
B)  threshold potential. 
C)  action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarization. 
E)  excitatory local potential. 
A)  depolarization. 
B)  threshold potential. 
C)  action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarization. 
E)  excitatory local potential.

Question 19

The _______ system is that portion of the nervous system that lies outside of the brain and spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)  extraspinal 
B)  central nervous 
C)  enteric nervous 
D)  human nervous 
E)  peripheral nervous 
A)  extraspinal 
B)  central nervous 
C)  enteric nervous 
D)  human nervous 
E)  peripheral nervous

Question 20

A cup of sugar is dumped into a gallon of hot water. After 30 minutes, we will expect that the process of _______ will ensure that the sugar molecules are evenly distributed throughout the water.

Accepted Answer

A)  retrograde transport 
B)  diffusion 
C)  anterograde transport 
D)  electrostatic pressure 
E)  salinity 
A)  retrograde transport 
B)  diffusion 
C)  anterograde transport 
D)  electrostatic pressure 
E)  salinity

Which of the following is true of receptors?

Which of the following is true regarding the action potential (AP)?

_______ neurons gather information from the environment related to light, odors, and contact of our skin with objects.

An IPSP will be produced when a ligand

Which of the following structures is the site of production of proteins?

Match up the correct receptor type and effect.

In order to produce a depolarization or hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane, neurotransmitters

Action potentials are generated at the _ and are conducted along the _.

A large, dense-core vesicle found in the axon terminal is likely to contain

2- The effects of acetylcholine are prolonged by drugs that inactivate the enzyme ________.

The term _______ is derived from the word meaning "little bladder."

Explain how the presence of myelin on an axon speeds up conduction velocity.

Synaptic vesicles are produced in the _______.

A key function of specialized lipid molecules located in the nerve cell is to

Depolarizations of the axon membrane that are below the threshold of activation

Autoreceptors

Saltatory conduction is rapid because

A change in the axon membrane potential from -70 mV to -90 mV would be termed a(n)

The _______ system is that portion of the nervous system that lies outside of the brain and spinal cord.

A cup of sugar is dumped into a gallon of hot water. After 30 minutes, we will expect that the process of _______ will ensure that the sugar molecules are evenly distributed throughout the water.

Introduction

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Drug Abuse

Filters

Exam 2: Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

Which of the following is true of receptors?

Which of the following is true regarding the action potential (AP)?

_______ neurons gather information from the environment related to light, odors, and contact of our skin with objects.

An IPSP will be produced when a ligand

Which of the following structures is the site of production of proteins?

Match up the correct receptor type and effect.

In order to produce a depolarization or hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane, neurotransmitters

Action potentials are generated at the _______ and are conducted along the _______.

A large, dense-core vesicle found in the axon terminal is likely to contain

2- The effects of acetylcholine are prolonged by drugs that inactivate the enzyme ________.

The term _______ is derived from the word meaning "little bladder."

Explain how the presence of myelin on an axon speeds up conduction velocity.

Synaptic vesicles are produced in the _______.

A key function of specialized lipid molecules located in the nerve cell is to

Depolarizations of the axon membrane that are below the threshold of activation

Autoreceptors

Saltatory conduction is rapid because

A change in the axon membrane potential from -70 mV to -90 mV would be termed a(n)

The _______ system is that portion of the nervous system that lies outside of the brain and spinal cord.

A cup of sugar is dumped into a gallon of hot water. After 30 minutes, we will expect that the process of _______ will ensure that the sugar molecules are evenly distributed throughout the water.

Introduction

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Drug Abuse

Filters

Action potentials are generated at the _ and are conducted along the _.