Question 1

Using a key to open the front door of your house is analogous to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  randomness of neural activation 
B)  unique chemical structure of a neurotransmitter that fits certain receptor sites 
C)  neurotransmitters that carry a secret code to neurons 
D)  activity log that the nervous system maintains 
A)  randomness of neural activation 
B)  unique chemical structure of a neurotransmitter that fits certain receptor sites 
C)  neurotransmitters that carry a secret code to neurons 
D)  activity log that the nervous system maintains

Question 2

A motor neuron ________, whereas a sensory neuron ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  communicates electrically; communicates chemically 
B)  is efferent; is afferent 
C)  communicates chemically; communicates electrically 
D)  is afferent; is efferent 
A)  communicates electrically; communicates chemically 
B)  is efferent; is afferent 
C)  communicates chemically; communicates electrically 
D)  is afferent; is efferent

Question 3

Another way to think of agonists and antagonists, with respect to their involvement in the actions of neurotransmitters, is that agonists ___________, whereas antagonists____________ the action of neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

A)  help; hinder 
B)  hinder; help 
C)  alter; maintain 
D)  maintain; alter 
A)  help; hinder 
B)  hinder; help 
C)  alter; maintain 
D)  maintain; alter

Question 4

An afferent neuron carries information:

Accepted Answer

A)  from the sense organs to the brain 
B)  from the brain to the sense organs 
C)  regarding emotional events 
D)  producing movement 
A)  from the sense organs to the brain 
B)  from the brain to the sense organs 
C)  regarding emotional events 
D)  producing movement

Question 5

Darrius was visiting his cousin's dairy farm. His cousin pointed out that they were using selective breeding to increase milk production. What did he mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  They selected only certain cows to give milk. 
B)  They bred cows for milking and cows for meat together. 
C)  They used cows only for milking and not meat. 
D)  They controlled which cows bred based on their prior milk production. 
A)  They selected only certain cows to give milk. 
B)  They bred cows for milking and cows for meat together. 
C)  They used cows only for milking and not meat. 
D)  They controlled which cows bred based on their prior milk production.

Question 6

Compared to neurotransmitters, hormones are:

Accepted Answer

A)  chemically different 
B)  less important for the body's functioning 
C)  slower to act and longer lasting 
D)  unable to bind to target receptors 
A)  chemically different 
B)  less important for the body's functioning 
C)  slower to act and longer lasting 
D)  unable to bind to target receptors

Question 7

The basal ganglia is a system of subcortical structures critical for:

Accepted Answer

A)  planning and producing movement 
B)  regulating emotions 
C)  synthesizing incoming information 
D)  thinking 
A)  planning and producing movement 
B)  regulating emotions 
C)  synthesizing incoming information 
D)  thinking

Question 8

After cautiously walking home and arriving safely from her late night class, Selma notices her heart rate slows, as does her breathing. This automatic return to a normal state is due to the activity of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic nervous system 
B)  sympathetic system 
C)  parasympathetic system 
D)  endocrine system 
A)  somatic nervous system 
B)  sympathetic system 
C)  parasympathetic system 
D)  endocrine system

Question 9

Phenotype refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the genetic information carried by a cell 
B)  the physical or behavioural characteristics actually expressed 
C)  the results of a genetic mutation 
D)  the probability of a gene being expressed 
A)  the genetic information carried by a cell 
B)  the physical or behavioural characteristics actually expressed 
C)  the results of a genetic mutation 
D)  the probability of a gene being expressed

Question 10

Which of the following is the best explanation for synesthesia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because of the proximity of the two brain areas involved in seeing colours and understanding numbers, some of these areas have cross connections. 
B)  Individuals with synesthesia have an extra cortical lobe in their brain. 
C)  Because of the proximity of the two brain areas involved in seeing colour and understanding numbers, there is a short circuit between the two causing the confusion. 
D)  Individuals with synesthesia are missing a portion of their cortex used to process colour, so the auditory area of their brain must process the information. 
A)  Because of the proximity of the two brain areas involved in seeing colours and understanding numbers, some of these areas have cross connections. 
B)  Individuals with synesthesia have an extra cortical lobe in their brain. 
C)  Because of the proximity of the two brain areas involved in seeing colour and understanding numbers, there is a short circuit between the two causing the confusion. 
D)  Individuals with synesthesia are missing a portion of their cortex used to process colour, so the auditory area of their brain must process the information.

Question 11

What happens when the action potential reaches the terminal button?

Accepted Answer

A)  The signal terminates, or ends. 
B)  The signal causes the vesicles to release neurotransmitter. 
C)  The terminal button sends it down the axon. 
D)  The signal causes reuptake of neurotransmitters in the synapse. 
A)  The signal terminates, or ends. 
B)  The signal causes the vesicles to release neurotransmitter. 
C)  The terminal button sends it down the axon. 
D)  The signal causes reuptake of neurotransmitters in the synapse.

Question 12

Which of the following neurotransmitters would be most involved in enabling nerves that connect with muscles as you raise your arms above your head?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  serotonin 
D)  norepinephrine 
A)  acetylcholine 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  serotonin 
D)  norepinephrine

Question 13

Which of the following is a myth about brain plasticity across the lifespan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most forgetting occurs later in life. 
B)  Adult brains form no new cells. 
C)  Neurogenesis occurs across the lifespan. 
D)  Environmental conditions play a large role in neurogenesis. 
A)  Most forgetting occurs later in life. 
B)  Adult brains form no new cells. 
C)  Neurogenesis occurs across the lifespan. 
D)  Environmental conditions play a large role in neurogenesis.

Question 14

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the proteins that make up neurons 
B)  the deterioration of myelin insulation around the axon 
C)  the loss of synapses 
D)  the destruction of sensory and motor neurons 
A)  the proteins that make up neurons 
B)  the deterioration of myelin insulation around the axon 
C)  the loss of synapses 
D)  the destruction of sensory and motor neurons

Question 15

Roberto's grandmother is suffering from Alzheimer's disease. What might you expect is happening in her brain with regard to neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is an overproduction of acetylchoine. 
B)  There is too much curare in her system. 
C)  There is diminished acetylcholine. 
D)  There is an excess of receptors for the available neurotransmitter. 
A)  There is an overproduction of acetylchoine. 
B)  There is too much curare in her system. 
C)  There is diminished acetylcholine. 
D)  There is an excess of receptors for the available neurotransmitter.

Question 16

If you had a disorder that caused neurons to demyelinate, this would initially cause:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurons to immediately begin to die 
B)  dendrites to proliferate excessively 
C)  the insulation of the axon to deteriorate 
D)  the development of an increased number of nodes of Ranvier 
A)  neurons to immediately begin to die 
B)  dendrites to proliferate excessively 
C)  the insulation of the axon to deteriorate 
D)  the development of an increased number of nodes of Ranvier

Question 17

Drugs that enhance the effects of GABA:

Accepted Answer

A)  are used to treat depression 
B)  affect the location of reception 
C)  are used to treat anxiety and insomnia 
D)  may cause seizures and hallucinations 
A)  are used to treat depression 
B)  affect the location of reception 
C)  are used to treat anxiety and insomnia 
D)  may cause seizures and hallucinations

Question 18

Sherri has only 23 chromosome pairs. How common is this in terms of human development?

Accepted Answer

A)  atypical 
B)  typical 
C)  atypical but not abnormal 
D)  highly atypical and usually fatal 
A)  atypical 
B)  typical 
C)  atypical but not abnormal 
D)  highly atypical and usually fatal

Question 19

Heredity refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the transmission of characteristics from parents to children through genetics 
B)  the transmission of characteristics from parents to children through genetics and environment 
C)  a statistical estimate of observed variation in a population caused by genetic variation 
D)  the extent to which organisms differ from each other 
A)  the transmission of characteristics from parents to children through genetics 
B)  the transmission of characteristics from parents to children through genetics and environment 
C)  a statistical estimate of observed variation in a population caused by genetic variation 
D)  the extent to which organisms differ from each other

Question 20

The Smith children, although genetically related, all show slight variations in the colour of their skin. This is most likely the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  single genotype expression 
B)  cell division 
C)  polygenic effects 
D)  dominant gene effects 
A)  single genotype expression 
B)  cell division 
C)  polygenic effects 
D)  dominant gene effects

Using a key to open the front door of your house is analogous to the:

A motor neuron , whereas a sensory neuron .

Another way to think of agonists and antagonists, with respect to their involvement in the actions of neurotransmitters, is that agonists _, whereas antagonists__ the action of neurotransmitters.

An afferent neuron carries information:

Darrius was visiting his cousin's dairy farm. His cousin pointed out that they were using selective breeding to increase milk production. What did he mean?

Compared to neurotransmitters, hormones are:

The basal ganglia is a system of subcortical structures critical for:

After cautiously walking home and arriving safely from her late night class, Selma notices her heart rate slows, as does her breathing. This automatic return to a normal state is due to the activity of the:

Phenotype refers to:

Which of the following is the best explanation for synesthesia?

What happens when the action potential reaches the terminal button?

Which of the following neurotransmitters would be most involved in enabling nerves that connect with muscles as you raise your arms above your head?

Which of the following is a myth about brain plasticity across the lifespan?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the result of:

Roberto's grandmother is suffering from Alzheimer's disease. What might you expect is happening in her brain with regard to neurotransmitters?

If you had a disorder that caused neurons to demyelinate, this would initially cause:

Drugs that enhance the effects of GABA:

Sherri has only 23 chromosome pairs. How common is this in terms of human development?

Heredity refers to:

The Smith children, although genetically related, all show slight variations in the colour of their skin. This is most likely the result of:

Introduction

Research Methodology

The Mind and Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Well-Being

Human Development

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Cultural Psychology

Filters

Exam 3: Biological Foundations

Using a key to open the front door of your house is analogous to the:

A motor neuron ________, whereas a sensory neuron ________.

Another way to think of agonists and antagonists, with respect to their involvement in the actions of neurotransmitters, is that agonists ___________, whereas antagonists____________ the action of neurotransmitters.

An afferent neuron carries information:

Darrius was visiting his cousin's dairy farm. His cousin pointed out that they were using selective breeding to increase milk production. What did he mean?

Compared to neurotransmitters, hormones are:

The basal ganglia is a system of subcortical structures critical for:

After cautiously walking home and arriving safely from her late night class, Selma notices her heart rate slows, as does her breathing. This automatic return to a normal state is due to the activity of the:

Phenotype refers to:

Which of the following is the best explanation for synesthesia?

What happens when the action potential reaches the terminal button?

Which of the following neurotransmitters would be most involved in enabling nerves that connect with muscles as you raise your arms above your head?

Which of the following is a myth about brain plasticity across the lifespan?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the result of:

Roberto's grandmother is suffering from Alzheimer's disease. What might you expect is happening in her brain with regard to neurotransmitters?

If you had a disorder that caused neurons to demyelinate, this would initially cause:

Drugs that enhance the effects of GABA:

Sherri has only 23 chromosome pairs. How common is this in terms of human development?

Heredity refers to:

The Smith children, although genetically related, all show slight variations in the colour of their skin. This is most likely the result of:

Introduction

Research Methodology

The Mind and Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Well-Being

Human Development

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Cultural Psychology

Filters

A motor neuron , whereas a sensory neuron .

Another way to think of agonists and antagonists, with respect to their involvement in the actions of neurotransmitters, is that agonists _, whereas antagonists__ the action of neurotransmitters.