Question 1

Ice core records from Greenland indicate that atmospheric temperature changed several times by __________ within 5 to 10 years during the past 35,000 years.

Accepted Answer

A)  5°C to 10°C 
B)  5°C to 20°C 
C)  10°C to 15°C 
D)  10°C to 20°C 
A)  5°C to 10°C 
B)  5°C to 20°C 
C)  10°C to 15°C 
D)  10°C to 20°C

Question 2

Many organisms absorb a high ratio of 18O/16O at __________ temperatures, but the ratio __________ with increasing temperature.

Accepted Answer

A)  low, increases 
B)  low, decreases 
C)  high, increases 
D)  high, decreases 
A)  low, increases 
B)  low, decreases 
C)  high, increases 
D)  high, decreases

Question 3

The Sun was __________ percent fainter early in Earth's history than it is today.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 to 20 
B)  20 to 30 
C)  30 to 40 
D)  40 to 50 
A)  10 to 20 
B)  20 to 30 
C)  30 to 40 
D)  40 to 50

Question 4

The Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991:

Accepted Answer

A)  warmed the atmosphere by releasing carbon dioxide. 
B)  cooled the atmosphere by releasing ash and sulfur compounds. 
C)  warmed the atmosphere by releasing ash and sulfur compounds. 
D)  cooled the atmosphere by releasing carbon dioxide. 
A)  warmed the atmosphere by releasing carbon dioxide. 
B)  cooled the atmosphere by releasing ash and sulfur compounds. 
C)  warmed the atmosphere by releasing ash and sulfur compounds. 
D)  cooled the atmosphere by releasing carbon dioxide.

Question 5

When sea level rises, the global albedo __________, leading to a/an __________ in global temperature.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases, increase 
B)  increases, decrease 
C)  decreases, decrease 
D)  decreases, increase 
A)  increases, increase 
B)  increases, decrease 
C)  decreases, decrease 
D)  decreases, increase

Question 6

Plant pollen can only be used for the past several hundred years to infer climate conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Marine organisms absorb calcium and carbonate ions from seawater and convert them into __________ __________ in shells and other hard body parts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Marine organisms absorb calcium and carbonate ions...

Question 8

Scientists study old landscape paintings to chronicle historical climates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Most thick limestones formed in __________ seas.

Accepted Answer

A)  warm, deep 
B)  warm, shallow 
C)  cold, deep 
D)  cold, shallow 
A)  warm, deep 
B)  warm, shallow 
C)  cold, deep 
D)  cold, shallow

Question 10

The collapse of the west Antarctic Ice Sheet could lead to:

Accepted Answer

A)  rising sea level and further global warming. 
B)  falling sea level and further global warming. 
C)  falling sea level and slower global warming. 
D)  rising sea level, which could stop global warming. 
A)  rising sea level and further global warming. 
B)  falling sea level and further global warming. 
C)  falling sea level and slower global warming. 
D)  rising sea level, which could stop global warming.

Question 11

Rapid plate movement and sea-floor spreading cause global __________ because the Mid-Oceanic Ridge becomes __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sea-level fall, wider 
B)  sea-level fall, thinner 
C)  sea-level rise, wider 
D)  sea-level rise, thinner 
A)  sea-level fall, wider 
B)  sea-level fall, thinner 
C)  sea-level rise, wider 
D)  sea-level rise, thinner

Question 12

The most useful of the methods listed below for determining paleotemperatures one billion years ago is:

Accepted Answer

A)  measuring oxygen isotope ratios in Greenland ice. 
B)  studying rocks and fossils. 
C)  studying historical records. 
D)  counting tree rings. 
A)  measuring oxygen isotope ratios in Greenland ice. 
B)  studying rocks and fossils. 
C)  studying historical records. 
D)  counting tree rings.

Question 13

18O is a very abundant isotope of oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Temperature records for the past 125 years show a steady temperature increase at a constant rate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Snow and ice have __________ albedos and __________ Earth by reflecting sunlight.

Accepted Answer

A)  low, warm 
B)  low, cool 
C)  high, warm 
D)  high, cool 
A)  low, warm 
B)  low, cool 
C)  high, warm 
D)  high, cool

Question 16

__________ impacts can cause rapid and catastrophic climate changes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ impacts can cause rapid and catastrophic...

Question 17

Climate change does not follow linear relationships; instead, many __________ and __________ mechanisms are important

Accepted Answer

The answer of Climate change does not follow linear relationships;...

Question 18

The thawing of permafrost can release the greenhouse gas __________ into the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The thawing of permafrost can release the...

Question 19

Carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere during volcanic eruptions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Snowfields and glaciers have high albedos and cool Earth by __________ sunlight.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Snowfields and glaciers have high albedos and...

Exam 21: Climate Change

Ice core records from Greenland indicate that atmospheric temperature changed several times by __________ within 5 to 10 years during the past 35,000 years.

Many organisms absorb a high ratio of 18O/16O at __________ temperatures, but the ratio __________ with increasing temperature.

The Sun was __________ percent fainter early in Earth's history than it is today.

The Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991:

When sea level rises, the global albedo __________, leading to a/an __________ in global temperature.

Plant pollen can only be used for the past several hundred years to infer climate conditions.

Marine organisms absorb calcium and carbonate ions from seawater and convert them into __________ __________ in shells and other hard body parts.

Scientists study old landscape paintings to chronicle historical climates.

Most thick limestones formed in __________ seas.

The collapse of the west Antarctic Ice Sheet could lead to:

Rapid plate movement and sea-floor spreading cause global __________ because the Mid-Oceanic Ridge becomes __________.

The most useful of the methods listed below for determining paleotemperatures one billion years ago is:

18O is a very abundant isotope of oxygen.

Temperature records for the past 125 years show a steady temperature increase at a constant rate.

Snow and ice have __________ albedos and __________ Earth by reflecting sunlight.

__________ impacts can cause rapid and catastrophic climate changes.

Climate change does not follow linear relationships; instead, many __________ and __________ mechanisms are important

The thawing of permafrost can release the greenhouse gas __________ into the atmosphere.

Carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere during volcanic eruptions.

Snowfields and glaciers have high albedos and cool Earth by __________ sunlight.

Earth Systems

Minerals

Rocks

Geologic Time: a Story in the Rocks

Geologic Resources

The Active Earth: Plate Tectonics

Earthquakes and the Earths Structure

Volcanoes and Plutons

Mountains

Weathering, Soil, and Erosion

Fresh Water: Streams, Lakes, Ground Water, and Wetlands

Water Resources

Glaciers and Ice Ages

Deserts and Wind

Ocean Basins

Oceans and Coastlines

The Atmosphere

Energy Balance in the Atmosphere

Moisture, Clouds, and Weather

Climate

Motions in the Heavens

Planets and Their Moons

Stars, Space, and Galaxies

Filters

Many organisms absorb a high ratio of ¹⁸O/¹⁶O at temperatures, but the ratio with increasing temperature.

When sea level rises, the global albedo , leading to a/an in global temperature.

Marine organisms absorb calcium and carbonate ions from seawater and convert them into in shells and other hard body parts.

Rapid plate movement and sea-floor spreading cause global because the Mid-Oceanic Ridge becomes .

¹⁸O is a very abundant isotope of oxygen.

Snow and ice have albedos and Earth by reflecting sunlight.

Climate change does not follow linear relationships; instead, many and mechanisms are important