Question 1

Which of the following individuals has the highest risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 23-year-old woman whose mother was diagnosed with bipolar disorder. 
B)  a 50-year-old man born in Panama. 
C)  a 5-year-old child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. 
D)  a 20-year-old man who uses heroin regularly. 
A)  a 23-year-old woman whose mother was diagnosed with bipolar disorder. 
B)  a 50-year-old man born in Panama. 
C)  a 5-year-old child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. 
D)  a 20-year-old man who uses heroin regularly.

Question 2

Head trauma,encephalitis,and streptococcal infections are among the environmental risk factors for _________ disorder.

Accepted Answer

A)  obsessive compulsive 
B)  bipolar 
C)  panic 
D)  posttraumatic stress 
A)  obsessive compulsive 
B)  bipolar 
C)  panic 
D)  posttraumatic stress

Question 3

According to research,people who are diagnosed with major depressive disorder may have

Accepted Answer

A)  elevated levels of serotonin. 
B)  reduced levels of glutamate. 
C)  abnormal patterns of cortisol release. 
D)  reduced levels of cortisol. 
A)  elevated levels of serotonin. 
B)  reduced levels of glutamate. 
C)  abnormal patterns of cortisol release. 
D)  reduced levels of cortisol.

Question 4

Severe cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)might respond positively to

Accepted Answer

A)  deep brain stimulation of the basal ganglia. 
B)  lesions of the globus pallidus (pallidotomy). 
C)  repeated transcranial magnet stimulation (rTMS). 
D)  electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT). 
A)  deep brain stimulation of the basal ganglia. 
B)  lesions of the globus pallidus (pallidotomy). 
C)  repeated transcranial magnet stimulation (rTMS). 
D)  electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT).

Question 5

Stephanie has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder.While participating in a research study at her university,her brain activity was assessed during a decision-making task.Compared with healthy controls,what difference might the researchers observe in Stephanie's brain activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex would have smaller volume. 
B)  Her orbitofrontal cortex would be more active. 
C)  Her left cerebral hemisphere would show increased activity. 
D)  Her anterior cingulate cortex (AC
C) would show abnormal activation. 
A)  Her hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex would have smaller volume. 
B)  Her orbitofrontal cortex would be more active. 
C)  Her left cerebral hemisphere would show increased activity. 
D)  Her anterior cingulate cortex (AC
C) would show abnormal activation.

Question 6

In addition to improving mood,antidepressant medications might also

Accepted Answer

A)  increase neurogenesis in the hippocampus. 
B)  decrease neurogenesis in the hippocampus. 
C)  decrease a person's need for sleep. 
D)  increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. 
A)  increase neurogenesis in the hippocampus. 
B)  decrease neurogenesis in the hippocampus. 
C)  decrease a person's need for sleep. 
D)  increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Question 7

You are responsible for treating a patient who has just taken a large amount of phencyclidine (PCP).Which of the following might help your patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  a drug that acts as a dopamine agonist. 
B)  a drug that acts as a dopamine antagonist. 
C)  a drug that acts as a glutamate antagonist. 
D)  MDMA (ecstasy)to promote increased serotonin activity. 
A)  a drug that acts as a dopamine agonist. 
B)  a drug that acts as a dopamine antagonist. 
C)  a drug that acts as a glutamate antagonist. 
D)  MDMA (ecstasy)to promote increased serotonin activity.

Question 8

Stress might interact with the development of depressed mood by

Accepted Answer

A)  leading to a longer and prolonged release of serotonin. 
B)  leading to a longer and prolonged release of cortisol. 
C)  interfering with cortisol reuptake. 
D)  reducing the synthesis of serotonin. 
A)  leading to a longer and prolonged release of serotonin. 
B)  leading to a longer and prolonged release of cortisol. 
C)  interfering with cortisol reuptake. 
D)  reducing the synthesis of serotonin.

Question 9

One of the most significant environmental factors correlated with the development of major depressive disorder is

Accepted Answer

A)  prenatal exposure to viruses. 
B)  stress. 
C)  emergency Caesarean sections. 
D)  high birth weight. 
A)  prenatal exposure to viruses. 
B)  stress. 
C)  emergency Caesarean sections. 
D)  high birth weight.

Question 10

Genes

Accepted Answer

A)  are about as important in the development of major depressive disorder as they are in the development of bipolar disorder. 
B)  are more important in the development of major depressive disorder than they are in the development of bipolar disorder. 
C)  are less important in the development of major depressive disorder than they are in the development of bipolar disorder 
D)  appear to play little role in the development of either major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder. 
A)  are about as important in the development of major depressive disorder as they are in the development of bipolar disorder. 
B)  are more important in the development of major depressive disorder than they are in the development of bipolar disorder. 
C)  are less important in the development of major depressive disorder than they are in the development of bipolar disorder 
D)  appear to play little role in the development of either major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder.

Question 11

In some research,the severity and frequency of auditory hallucinations has been reduced by

Accepted Answer

A)  barbiturates. 
B)  electrical stimulation of the temporal lobe. 
C)  magnetic stimulation of the temporal lobe. 
D)  magnetic stimulation of the frontal lobe. 
A)  barbiturates. 
B)  electrical stimulation of the temporal lobe. 
C)  magnetic stimulation of the temporal lobe. 
D)  magnetic stimulation of the frontal lobe.

Question 12

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)involves abnormalities primarily in

Accepted Answer

A)  norephinephrine. 
B)  GABA. 
C)  serotonin. 
D)  dopamine. 
A)  norephinephrine. 
B)  GABA. 
C)  serotonin. 
D)  dopamine.

Question 13

The pattern of sleep indicated in the lower half of this image is typical of people who have been diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  bipolar disorder. 
C)  major depressive disorder. 
D)  autism. 
A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  bipolar disorder. 
C)  major depressive disorder. 
D)  autism.

Question 14

Most medications that are effective in treating major depressive disorder

Accepted Answer

A)  have no effect on sleep. 
B)  inhibit REM sleep. 
C)  inhibit NREM sleep. 
D)  promote additional REM sleep. 
A)  have no effect on sleep. 
B)  inhibit REM sleep. 
C)  inhibit NREM sleep. 
D)  promote additional REM sleep.

Question 15

Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)

Accepted Answer

A)  is no longer used to treat major depressive disorder. 
B)  worsens symptoms of depression. 
C)  produces profound memory loss. 
D)  may improve responsiveness to dopamine and norepinephrine. 
A)  is no longer used to treat major depressive disorder. 
B)  worsens symptoms of depression. 
C)  produces profound memory loss. 
D)  may improve responsiveness to dopamine and norepinephrine.

Question 16

Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)are

Accepted Answer

A)  equally likely to be male or female. 
B)  more likely to be female than male. 
C)  more likely to be male than female. 
D)  more likely to be female if the PTSD results from combat,but more likely to be male if the PTSD results from other types of trauma. 
A)  equally likely to be male or female. 
B)  more likely to be female than male. 
C)  more likely to be male than female. 
D)  more likely to be female if the PTSD results from combat,but more likely to be male if the PTSD results from other types of trauma.

Question 17

Neurogenesis appears to be

Accepted Answer

A)  enhanced by electroconvulsive shock therapy,but not by medication. 
B)  enhanced by medication,but inhibited by electroconvulsive shock therapy. 
C)  enhanced by both medication and electroconvulsive shock therapy. 
D)  inhibited by both medication and electroconvulsive shock therapy. 
A)  enhanced by electroconvulsive shock therapy,but not by medication. 
B)  enhanced by medication,but inhibited by electroconvulsive shock therapy. 
C)  enhanced by both medication and electroconvulsive shock therapy. 
D)  inhibited by both medication and electroconvulsive shock therapy.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the types of trauma that are associated with the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural disasters are the most likely cause of PTSD,but PTSD also occurs as a result of combat,automobile accidents,and physical assaults. 
B)  Combat is virtually guaranteed to result in PTSD,which is why the disorder used to be known as "shell-shock." 
C)  Combat is the most likely cause of PTSD,but PTSD also occurs as a result of natural disasters,automobile accidents,and physical assaults. 
D)  Combat rarely results in PTSD,but automobile accidents produce PTSD in a majority of survivors. 
A)  Natural disasters are the most likely cause of PTSD,but PTSD also occurs as a result of combat,automobile accidents,and physical assaults. 
B)  Combat is virtually guaranteed to result in PTSD,which is why the disorder used to be known as "shell-shock." 
C)  Combat is the most likely cause of PTSD,but PTSD also occurs as a result of natural disasters,automobile accidents,and physical assaults. 
D)  Combat rarely results in PTSD,but automobile accidents produce PTSD in a majority of survivors.

Question 19

Reserpine,which is associated with severe depression,

Accepted Answer

A)  specifically depletes supplies of serotonin. 
B)  increases the release of serotonin. 
C)  increases the release of all monoamines. 
D)  interferes with the storage of all monoamines. 
A)  specifically depletes supplies of serotonin. 
B)  increases the release of serotonin. 
C)  increases the release of all monoamines. 
D)  interferes with the storage of all monoamines.

Question 20

Most cases of schizophrenia are diagnosed for the first time between the ages of _________ years.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 and 12 
B)  12 and 18 
C)  18 and 25 
D)  25 and 40 
A)  10 and 12 
B)  12 and 18 
C)  18 and 25 
D)  25 and 40

Which of the following individuals has the highest risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia?

Head trauma,encephalitis,and streptococcal infections are among the environmental risk factors for _________ disorder.

According to research,people who are diagnosed with major depressive disorder may have

Severe cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)might respond positively to

Stephanie has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder.While participating in a research study at her university,her brain activity was assessed during a decision-making task.Compared with healthy controls,what difference might the researchers observe in Stephanie's brain activity?

In addition to improving mood,antidepressant medications might also

You are responsible for treating a patient who has just taken a large amount of phencyclidine (PCP).Which of the following might help your patient?

Stress might interact with the development of depressed mood by

One of the most significant environmental factors correlated with the development of major depressive disorder is

Genes

In some research,the severity and frequency of auditory hallucinations has been reduced by

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)involves abnormalities primarily in

The pattern of sleep indicated in the lower half of this image is typical of people who have been diagnosed with

Most medications that are effective in treating major depressive disorder

Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)

Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)are

Neurogenesis appears to be

Which of the following statements about the types of trauma that are associated with the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)is true?

Reserpine,which is associated with severe depression,

Most cases of schizophrenia are diagnosed for the first time between the ages of _________ years.

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Filters

Exam 16: Psychological Disorders

Which of the following individuals has the highest risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia?

Head trauma,encephalitis,and streptococcal infections are among the environmental risk factors for _________ disorder.

According to research,people who are diagnosed with major depressive disorder may have

Severe cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)might respond positively to

Stephanie has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder.While participating in a research study at her university,her brain activity was assessed during a decision-making task.Compared with healthy controls,what difference might the researchers observe in Stephanie's brain activity?

In addition to improving mood,antidepressant medications might also

You are responsible for treating a patient who has just taken a large amount of phencyclidine (PCP).Which of the following might help your patient?

Stress might interact with the development of depressed mood by

One of the most significant environmental factors correlated with the development of major depressive disorder is

Genes

In some research,the severity and frequency of auditory hallucinations has been reduced by

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)involves abnormalities primarily in

The pattern of sleep indicated in the lower half of this image is typical of people who have been diagnosed with

Most medications that are effective in treating major depressive disorder

Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)

Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)are

Neurogenesis appears to be

Which of the following statements about the types of trauma that are associated with the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)is true?

Reserpine,which is associated with severe depression,

Most cases of schizophrenia are diagnosed for the first time between the ages of _________ years.

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Filters