Exam 12: Gender,Race,and Ethnicity in the Labor Market

All of the following statements about the effectiveness of federal antidiscrimination programs are true EXCEPT (select the statement that is not true)

The female-male wage ratio in the United States is generally ________ than in other industrialized countries,probably because ________.

Actual efforts to identify wage discrimination by gender in the labor market

Empirical studies of wage differentials between black men and white men estimate that

If workers in one group are discriminated against and face higher search costs,then

Between 1990 and 2010,which group did NOT experience growth in their share of the civilian labor force?

In the personal prejudice model of employer-based discrimination,show and explain how an increase in the supply of the discriminated against group affects the relative wage of the group.Show and explain how the relative wage of the discriminated against group is affected by an increase in the number of non-discriminating employers.

Which of the following CANNOT explain differences in earnings of men and women?

In the model of employer discrimination based on personal prejudice,discriminating employers are less profitable than non-discriminating employers.Show and explain why.If discriminating employers are less profitable,how do they survive in the marketplace?

Federal antidiscrimination programs appear to

If males and females are paid the same price for each of their productive characteristics then it follows that

Comparable worth analysis in Minnesota found that

Racial occupational dissimilarities are ________ and have fallen ________ over time than gender-related occupational dissimilarities.

Women over the age of 24 who worked full-time earned an average of 62 percent of what males earned in 2011.What factors account for this stunning difference in rate of pay of the two groups?

In a given market,women with the same skills as men earn less.Which of the following would suggest that the main source of discrimination against women is employers?

In the model where employers discriminate against females,those employers that devalue the productivity of the females more than other employers will

What is the pay gap between black males and white males? What premarket or human capital characteristics should be controlled for in order to make an other things equal comparison of pay between the two groups? How much of the black/white male pay gap is accounted for by differences in premarket/human capital characteristics? How much of the gap is attributable to labor market discrimination?

Occupational discrimination

Percentage goals in minority employment

Suppose that a female worker has considerable child-raising duties at home which reduce her labor market productivity and pay by 10% compared to her male counterpart.Also suppose that their observable productivity characteristics are equal.Then the standard procedure will estimate that wage discrimination reduces her wages by ________,while her actual reduction in wages due to labor market discrimination is ________.