Question 1

Which of the following represents a pattern?

Accepted Answer

A) a collection of notes in a song 
B) a letter in a word in a book 
C) a dot on a page in a graph 
D) a brick in a wall in a garden 
A) a collection of notes in a song 
B) a letter in a word in a book 
C) a dot on a page in a graph 
D) a brick in a wall in a garden

Question 2

What would be the best way to gain access to a high school youth gang you would like to do research on?

Accepted Answer

A) ask a teacher to act as a gatekeeper 
B) ask permission from the members' parents 
C) ask a police officer to introduce you to gang members 
D) ask members' schoolmates to introduce you to the gang members 
A) ask a teacher to act as a gatekeeper 
B) ask permission from the members' parents 
C) ask a police officer to introduce you to gang members 
D) ask members' schoolmates to introduce you to the gang members

Question 3

During a research study on people's views toward crime, a sociologist was careful to make up false names for the research subjects rather than use their real names in the research.Why is this important?

Accepted Answer

A) Participants' rights to confidentiality must be ensured. 
B) Participants must be protected from physical harm. 
C) Participants' rights to anonymity must be ensured. 
D) Authenticity of study must be ensured. 
A) Participants' rights to confidentiality must be ensured. 
B) Participants must be protected from physical harm. 
C) Participants' rights to anonymity must be ensured. 
D) Authenticity of study must be ensured.

Question 4

Suppose you are in a shopping mall and you agree to answer questions from an interviewer doing a survey of those who pass by.As a sociology student, you know that results of this survey will not be scientifically sound.Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Because the researchers have not used a strategic sample. 
B) Because the researchers have not used a convenience sample. 
C) Because the researchers have not used a probability sample. 
D) Because the researchers have not used a stratified sample. 
A) Because the researchers have not used a strategic sample. 
B) Because the researchers have not used a convenience sample. 
C) Because the researchers have not used a probability sample. 
D) Because the researchers have not used a stratified sample.

Question 5

Gaitri has conducted a study on the relationship of education and income among Canadian residents.She finds that immigrants earn less than Canadian-born people with similar education.In this example, what kind of variable is "immigrant status"?

Accepted Answer

A) spurious 
B) control 
C) independent 
D) dependent 
A) spurious 
B) control 
C) independent 
D) dependent

Question 6

What is the most important characteristic that investigators such as those whose work is the subject of the film Zero Dark Thirty share with scientific researchers?

Accepted Answer

A) techniques of data collection 
B) goals of data collection 
C) ethics of data collection 
D) style of data collection 
A) techniques of data collection 
B) goals of data collection 
C) ethics of data collection 
D) style of data collection

Question 7

Which of the following terms refers to a sociological construct that can have more than one value?

Accepted Answer

A) a variable 
B) a hypothesis 
C) a grounded theory 
D) a construct 
A) a variable 
B) a hypothesis 
C) a grounded theory 
D) a construct

Question 8

Which principle of research ethics makes debriefing of research participants mandatory in some studies?

Accepted Answer

A) anonymity 
B) authenticity 
C) confidentiality 
D) voluntary participation 
A) anonymity 
B) authenticity 
C) confidentiality 
D) voluntary participation

Question 9

What is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A) gender 
B) happiness 
C) male 
D) happy 
A) gender 
B) happiness 
C) male 
D) happy

Question 10

Explain the arguments for and against compulsory participation in a census.What is your position?

Accepted Answer

Compulsory participation in a census has

Question 11

If a relationship is spurious, what will occur?

Accepted Answer

A) It will appear when the control variable changes and when it is held constant. 
B) It will appear when the control variable changes but disappear when it is held constant. 
C) It will disappear when the control variable changes but appear when it is held constant. 
D) It will disappear when the control third variable changes and when it is held constant. 
A) It will appear when the control variable changes and when it is held constant. 
B) It will appear when the control variable changes but disappear when it is held constant. 
C) It will disappear when the control variable changes but appear when it is held constant. 
D) It will disappear when the control third variable changes and when it is held constant.

Question 12

Why did the 1960s feminists argue that most sociological research was gender-biased? Has this changed since?

Accepted Answer

The 1960s feminists argued that most soc

Question 13

Sociologists engage in participant observation when they attempt to objectively observe a social milieu and take part in the activities of the people they are studying.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Compare the concrete and abstract levels of experience, and their roles in sociological research.

Accepted Answer

Concrete and abstract levels of experien

Question 15

What is the central goal of a qualitative research approach? Explain how it is achieved in the two main qualitative research methods.

Accepted Answer

The central goal of a qualitative resear

Question 16

A researcher believes that colder temperatures lead to more snowfall.Which of the following terms refers to the amount of snowfall?

Accepted Answer

A) the independent variable 
B) the dependent variable 
C) the spurious variable 
D) the sociological variable 
A) the independent variable 
B) the dependent variable 
C) the spurious variable 
D) the sociological variable

Question 17

Variable is to a concept as hypothesis is to an observation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

How is the effect of an independent variable determined in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) by computing the initial difference between the experimental and control groups 
B) by computing the final difference between the experimental and control groups 
C) by computing the difference between the initial and final state of the experimental group 
D) by computing the difference between the initial and final state of the control group 
A) by computing the initial difference between the experimental and control groups 
B) by computing the final difference between the experimental and control groups 
C) by computing the difference between the initial and final state of the experimental group 
D) by computing the difference between the initial and final state of the control group

Question 19

Answer questions based on the following table. 
-What is the meaning of the "25%" in the table?

Accepted Answer

A) 25 percent of unhappy people are females. 
B) 25 percent of females are unhappy. 
C) 25 percent of all respondents were unhappy. 
D) 25 percent of females were happy. 
A) 25 percent of unhappy people are females. 
B) 25 percent of females are unhappy. 
C) 25 percent of all respondents were unhappy. 
D) 25 percent of females were happy.

Question 20

What is the most common type of table for displaying survey data?

Accepted Answer

A) a contingency table 
B) a statistical table 
C) a sampling table 
D) a response rate table 
A) a contingency table 
B) a statistical table 
C) a sampling table 
D) a response rate table

Exam 2: How Sociologists Do Research

Which of the following represents a pattern?

What would be the best way to gain access to a high school youth gang you would like to do research on?

During a research study on people's views toward crime, a sociologist was careful to make up false names for the research subjects rather than use their real names in the research.Why is this important?

Suppose you are in a shopping mall and you agree to answer questions from an interviewer doing a survey of those who pass by.As a sociology student, you know that results of this survey will not be scientifically sound.Why?

Gaitri has conducted a study on the relationship of education and income among Canadian residents.She finds that immigrants earn less than Canadian-born people with similar education.In this example, what kind of variable is "immigrant status"?

What is the most important characteristic that investigators such as those whose work is the subject of the film Zero Dark Thirty share with scientific researchers?

Which of the following terms refers to a sociological construct that can have more than one value?

Which principle of research ethics makes debriefing of research participants mandatory in some studies?

What is the dependent variable?

Explain the arguments for and against compulsory participation in a census.What is your position?

If a relationship is spurious, what will occur?

Why did the 1960s feminists argue that most sociological research was gender-biased? Has this changed since?

Sociologists engage in participant observation when they attempt to objectively observe a social milieu and take part in the activities of the people they are studying.

Compare the concrete and abstract levels of experience, and their roles in sociological research.

What is the central goal of a qualitative research approach? Explain how it is achieved in the two main qualitative research methods.

A researcher believes that colder temperatures lead to more snowfall.Which of the following terms refers to the amount of snowfall?

Variable is to a concept as hypothesis is to an observation.

How is the effect of an independent variable determined in an experiment?

Answer questions based on the following table. -What is the meaning of the "25%" in the table?

What is the most common type of table for displaying survey data?

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