Question 1

Why is the ratio of females to males lower than 1:1 in some places?

Accepted Answer

A) because of an overall preference for female babies 
B) because of an overall preference for male babies 
C) because of lower than average fertility rates 
D) because of higher than average fertility rates 
A) because of an overall preference for female babies 
B) because of an overall preference for male babies 
C) because of lower than average fertility rates 
D) because of higher than average fertility rates

Question 2

What problem did the new urban sociology aim to correct?

Accepted Answer

A) urban growth as a result of natural forces 
B) urban decline as a result of natural forces 
C) urban decay as a result of natural forces 
D) urban stagnation as a result of natural forces 
A) urban growth as a result of natural forces 
B) urban decline as a result of natural forces 
C) urban decay as a result of natural forces 
D) urban stagnation as a result of natural forces

Question 3

According to Malthus, food supply increases while population increases.In Malthus's view, what is the problem here?

Accepted Answer

A) Food supply increases arithmetically, and population increases arithmetically. 
B) Food supply increases arithmetically, and population increases geometrically. 
C) Food supply increases geometrically, and population increases arithmetically. 
D) Food supply increases geometrically, and population increases geometrically. 
A) Food supply increases arithmetically, and population increases arithmetically. 
B) Food supply increases arithmetically, and population increases geometrically. 
C) Food supply increases geometrically, and population increases arithmetically. 
D) Food supply increases geometrically, and population increases geometrically.

Question 4

David, a Malthusian, believes that overpopulation is not a problem because in his nation abortion is legal and widely practised, and he believes that in other parts of the world abortion and infanticide are practised widely.What do we call this type of population control?

Accepted Answer

A) negative checks 
B) positive checks 
C) preventive measures 
D) permissive measures 
A) negative checks 
B) positive checks 
C) preventive measures 
D) permissive measures

Question 5

Many of the world's largest cities grew alongside the development of the modern factory.Which of the following best reflects sociological theorizing about this growth?

Accepted Answer

A) Urbanization causes industrialization. 
B) Industrialization causes urbanization. 
C) To some degree, urbanization results from industrialization. 
D) Industrialization and urbanization are coincidental developments. 
A) Urbanization causes industrialization. 
B) Industrialization causes urbanization. 
C) To some degree, urbanization results from industrialization. 
D) Industrialization and urbanization are coincidental developments.

Question 6

Nathan is an old man who recalls vividly his work on urban life in the 1920s.He and his colleagues carried out many interviews and surveys with city dwellers, and they mapped the social landscape.Which of the following traditions was Nathan likely a part of?

Accepted Answer

A) social demography 
B) the postmodernist school 
C) the Chicago school 
D) Marxism 
A) social demography 
B) the postmodernist school 
C) the Chicago school 
D) Marxism

Question 7

Given his projections about population, which period in European development did Malthus most likely live in?

Accepted Answer

A) preindustrial period 
B) early industrial period 
C) mature industrial period 
D) postindustrial period 
A) preindustrial period 
B) early industrial period 
C) mature industrial period 
D) postindustrial period

Question 8

A neighbourhood park in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver has recently been bought by a wealthy real estate developer.According to new urban sociologists, which of the following most likely characterizes the city park?

Accepted Answer

A) It is politically useful. 
B) It is developed. 
C) It has become a commodity. 
D) It has become gentrified. 
A) It is politically useful. 
B) It is developed. 
C) It has become a commodity. 
D) It has become gentrified.

Question 9

The peripheral model of cities proposes a series of concentric zones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Urban sociologists have studied patterns of migration in and around urban areas.They have discovered one consistent pattern involves members of the middle class moving to the suburbs, with poor immigrants moving into the inner city.What is this pattern an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) ecological succession 
B) competition 
C) differentiation 
D) differential organization 
A) ecological succession 
B) competition 
C) differentiation 
D) differential organization

Question 11

Over the years, Barbara has watched as older parts of the city are torn down and replaced by modern office towers.Which process of human ecology theory has Barbara been witnessing?

Accepted Answer

A) differentiation 
B) ecological succession 
C) concentric zones 
D) competition 
A) differentiation 
B) ecological succession 
C) concentric zones 
D) competition

Question 12

Which of the following is a critique of the demographic transition theory?

Accepted Answer

A) It places too much emphasis on industrialization as the main driver of population growth. 
B) After industrialization, cultural values change. 
C) Contraception in many places is more or less ineffective. 
D) Places with high infant mortality rates usually have high birth rates. 
A) It places too much emphasis on industrialization as the main driver of population growth. 
B) After industrialization, cultural values change. 
C) Contraception in many places is more or less ineffective. 
D) Places with high infant mortality rates usually have high birth rates.

Question 13

Franklin is studying the social structure of medieval European cities and wondering about the differences between them and cities today.What difference is he likely to find between the medieval cities and contemporary cities?

Accepted Answer

A) Medieval cities were more densely populated. 
B) Medieval cities had more social equality. 
C) Medieval cities were usually smaller. 
D) Medieval cities were more socially complex. 
A) Medieval cities were more densely populated. 
B) Medieval cities had more social equality. 
C) Medieval cities were usually smaller. 
D) Medieval cities were more socially complex.

Question 14

Marie-France has heard that in order to keep Quebec strong, she needs to do her part by having a certain number of children.How many children, at a minimum, should Marie-France have to keep Quebec viable?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.2 
B) 1.7 
C) 1.9 
D) 2.1 
A) 1.2 
B) 1.7 
C) 1.9 
D) 2.1

Question 15

During which stage of development do people generally think that it makes sense to have fewer children in order to reduce the economic burden on the family?

Accepted Answer

A) preindustrial period 
B) early industrial period 
C) mature industrial period 
D) postindustrial period 
A) preindustrial period 
B) early industrial period 
C) mature industrial period 
D) postindustrial period

Question 16

A nation in Asia has calculated that seven children are born alive for every 1000 people in the population in a particular year.In this example, what does the number seven refer to?

Accepted Answer

A) the fertility rate 
B) the birth rate 
C) the crude birth rate 
D) the total fertility rate 
A) the fertility rate 
B) the birth rate 
C) the crude birth rate 
D) the total fertility rate

Question 17

How did class inequality affect population growth in South Korea?

Accepted Answer

Class inequality in South Korea has had

Question 18

Outline the theory of human ecology as the Chicago school has applied this theory to urban settings.

Accepted Answer

The theory of human ecology, as applied

Question 19

The idea that cities develop in ever-widening ripples outward is associated with which of the following theories?

Accepted Answer

A) urban sprawl theory 
B) concentric zone theory 
C) differentiation theory 
D) urban expansion theory 
A) urban sprawl theory 
B) concentric zone theory 
C) differentiation theory 
D) urban expansion theory

Question 20

According to Marx, what is the cause of overpopulation?

Accepted Answer

A) exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie 
B) the subjugation of women 
C) the declining wages of the lower-class bourgeoisie 
D) the increased powerlessness of the middle class 
A) exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie 
B) the subjugation of women 
C) the declining wages of the lower-class bourgeoisie 
D) the increased powerlessness of the middle class

Exam 20: Population and Urbanization

Why is the ratio of females to males lower than 1:1 in some places?

What problem did the new urban sociology aim to correct?

According to Malthus, food supply increases while population increases.In Malthus's view, what is the problem here?

David, a Malthusian, believes that overpopulation is not a problem because in his nation abortion is legal and widely practised, and he believes that in other parts of the world abortion and infanticide are practised widely.What do we call this type of population control?

Many of the world's largest cities grew alongside the development of the modern factory.Which of the following best reflects sociological theorizing about this growth?

Nathan is an old man who recalls vividly his work on urban life in the 1920s.He and his colleagues carried out many interviews and surveys with city dwellers, and they mapped the social landscape.Which of the following traditions was Nathan likely a part of?

Given his projections about population, which period in European development did Malthus most likely live in?

A neighbourhood park in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver has recently been bought by a wealthy real estate developer.According to new urban sociologists, which of the following most likely characterizes the city park?

The peripheral model of cities proposes a series of concentric zones.

Urban sociologists have studied patterns of migration in and around urban areas.They have discovered one consistent pattern involves members of the middle class moving to the suburbs, with poor immigrants moving into the inner city.What is this pattern an example of?

Over the years, Barbara has watched as older parts of the city are torn down and replaced by modern office towers.Which process of human ecology theory has Barbara been witnessing?

Which of the following is a critique of the demographic transition theory?

Franklin is studying the social structure of medieval European cities and wondering about the differences between them and cities today.What difference is he likely to find between the medieval cities and contemporary cities?

Marie-France has heard that in order to keep Quebec strong, she needs to do her part by having a certain number of children.How many children, at a minimum, should Marie-France have to keep Quebec viable?

During which stage of development do people generally think that it makes sense to have fewer children in order to reduce the economic burden on the family?

A nation in Asia has calculated that seven children are born alive for every 1000 people in the population in a particular year.In this example, what does the number seven refer to?

How did class inequality affect population growth in South Korea?

Outline the theory of human ecology as the Chicago school has applied this theory to urban settings.

The idea that cities develop in ever-widening ripples outward is associated with which of the following theories?

According to Marx, what is the cause of overpopulation?

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