Question 1

Discuss the differences between progressive and regressive taxation, and their relative impacts on poverty.

Accepted Answer

Progressive and regressive taxation are

Question 2

How has the degree of income inequality in Canada changed between 1976 and 2010?

Accepted Answer

A) It has increased faster than in the U.S. 
B) It has increased slower than in the U.S. 
C) It has increased slower than in Denmark. 
D) It has decreased slower than in Denmark. 
A) It has increased faster than in the U.S. 
B) It has increased slower than in the U.S. 
C) It has increased slower than in Denmark. 
D) It has decreased slower than in Denmark.

Question 3

How do social policies affect poverty in Canada?

Accepted Answer

Social policies can have a significant i

Question 4

Lifelong Toronto residents Ron and Carol spend almost 60 percent of their income on basic necessities.Poverty advocates consider them poor, because an average Torontonian household spends no more than 40 percent of income on basic necessities.Which definition of poverty are the advocates using?

Accepted Answer

A) relative poverty 
B) absolute poverty 
C) flexible poverty 
D) substantial poverty 
A) relative poverty 
B) absolute poverty 
C) flexible poverty 
D) substantial poverty

Question 5

According to the textbook, which of the following influences rates of poverty among immigrants to Canada?

Accepted Answer

A) age at arrival to Canada 
B) length of residence in Canada 
C) residence in a rural area 
D) country of origin 
A) age at arrival to Canada 
B) length of residence in Canada 
C) residence in a rural area 
D) country of origin

Question 6

What happens when lower-income Canadians spend more of their income on consumption?

Accepted Answer

A) Regressive taxes hurt them more. 
B) Progressive taxes hurt them more. 
C) They are given tax credits to ensure progressive taxation does not hurt them. 
D) They are given tax credits to ensure that regressive taxation does not hurt them. 
A) Regressive taxes hurt them more. 
B) Progressive taxes hurt them more. 
C) They are given tax credits to ensure progressive taxation does not hurt them. 
D) They are given tax credits to ensure that regressive taxation does not hurt them.

Question 7

According to Marx, which of the following is the basis of a social class?

Accepted Answer

A) its relationship to the means of production 
B) its relationship to the industrial technology 
C) its relationship to the company management 
D) its relationship to the state 
A) its relationship to the means of production 
B) its relationship to the industrial technology 
C) its relationship to the company management 
D) its relationship to the state

Question 8

Canadian social policies are based on an objective, universally agreed-upon definition of poverty.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Approximately what percentage of Canadians who experienced poverty during one year are likely to remain poor for more than two years?

Accepted Answer

A) 40 percent 
B) 30 percent 
C) 20 percent 
D) 10 percent 
A) 40 percent 
B) 30 percent 
C) 20 percent 
D) 10 percent

Question 10

Define what social mobility is, its forms, and effects on society and social change.

Accepted Answer

Social mobility refers to the movement o

Question 11

June has lived on a reserve all her life.She tried leaving once in her 20s, but was unable to get a job because people stereotyped her and refused to hire her.Which type of explanation of poverty does racist and sexist discrimination against June reflect?

Accepted Answer

A) individual-level explanation 
B) structural-level explanation 
C) policy-level explanation 
D) small group-level explanation 
A) individual-level explanation 
B) structural-level explanation 
C) policy-level explanation 
D) small group-level explanation

Question 12

Many Canadians are poor because they work in occupations that are non-unionized, low-skilled, low-waged, and often seasonal and part-time.Which of the following causes their poverty?

Accepted Answer

A) a weak work ethic 
B) a strong work ethic 
C) a lack of "good" jobs 
D) a surplus of adequate jobs 
A) a weak work ethic 
B) a strong work ethic 
C) a lack of "good" jobs 
D) a surplus of adequate jobs

Question 13

What term did Marx use to refer to the growth in workers' awareness of their exploitation under capitalism?

Accepted Answer

A) false consciousness 
B) social consciousness 
C) class consciousness 
D) ideal consciousness 
A) false consciousness 
B) social consciousness 
C) class consciousness 
D) ideal consciousness

Question 14

Summarize the arguments of advocates of income redistribution.What is your position on this issue?

Accepted Answer

Advocates of income redistribution argue

Question 15

Ryan is interested in working at a multinational corporation as a manager.In order to increase his chances of getting hired there, he has enrolled in the Business Administration program at his university.What is he investing in by going to university?

Accepted Answer

A) cultural capital 
B) developmental capital 
C) social capital 
D) human capital 
A) cultural capital 
B) developmental capital 
C) social capital 
D) human capital

Question 16

Poverty and availability of childcare are separate, independent issues.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Some politicians present welfare policies as wasteful, unfair, and not worthy of serious consideration.In Weber's terms, what are they trying to achieve by presenting policies of their opponents in this way?

Accepted Answer

A) power 
B) authority 
C) charisma 
D) instrumental rationality 
A) power 
B) authority 
C) charisma 
D) instrumental rationality

Question 18

Why is it possible for Canadians working full time to still be poor?

Accepted Answer

A) cost of living in Canada is too high 
B) they take too much time off 
C) their families are too large 
D) minimum wage is too low 
A) cost of living in Canada is too high 
B) they take too much time off 
C) their families are too large 
D) minimum wage is too low

Question 19

What does the textbook conclude about the Canadian tax system?

Accepted Answer

A) That it is an effective means of redistributing income from richer to poorer. 
B) That it is an effective means of diminishing poverty in Canada. 
C) That it is ineffective at alleviating poverty through a redistribution of income. 
D) That it effectively redistributes income but is only moderately effective at lessening poverty. 
A) That it is an effective means of redistributing income from richer to poorer. 
B) That it is an effective means of diminishing poverty in Canada. 
C) That it is ineffective at alleviating poverty through a redistribution of income. 
D) That it effectively redistributes income but is only moderately effective at lessening poverty.

Question 20

Ashok and Lucy both work full-time at minimum-wage jobs and have just enough money to pay their rent and buy groceries and absolutely necessary clothing.They have not been able to afford to order pizza or go to a film in eight months.What does their situation illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A) homelessness 
B) absolute poverty 
C) relative poverty 
D) the cycle of poverty 
A) homelessness 
B) absolute poverty 
C) relative poverty 
D) the cycle of poverty

Exam 8: Social Stratification

Discuss the differences between progressive and regressive taxation, and their relative impacts on poverty.

How has the degree of income inequality in Canada changed between 1976 and 2010?

How do social policies affect poverty in Canada?

Lifelong Toronto residents Ron and Carol spend almost 60 percent of their income on basic necessities.Poverty advocates consider them poor, because an average Torontonian household spends no more than 40 percent of income on basic necessities.Which definition of poverty are the advocates using?

According to the textbook, which of the following influences rates of poverty among immigrants to Canada?

What happens when lower-income Canadians spend more of their income on consumption?

According to Marx, which of the following is the basis of a social class?

Canadian social policies are based on an objective, universally agreed-upon definition of poverty.

Approximately what percentage of Canadians who experienced poverty during one year are likely to remain poor for more than two years?

Define what social mobility is, its forms, and effects on society and social change.

June has lived on a reserve all her life.She tried leaving once in her 20s, but was unable to get a job because people stereotyped her and refused to hire her.Which type of explanation of poverty does racist and sexist discrimination against June reflect?

Many Canadians are poor because they work in occupations that are non-unionized, low-skilled, low-waged, and often seasonal and part-time.Which of the following causes their poverty?

What term did Marx use to refer to the growth in workers' awareness of their exploitation under capitalism?

Summarize the arguments of advocates of income redistribution.What is your position on this issue?

Ryan is interested in working at a multinational corporation as a manager.In order to increase his chances of getting hired there, he has enrolled in the Business Administration program at his university.What is he investing in by going to university?

Poverty and availability of childcare are separate, independent issues.

Some politicians present welfare policies as wasteful, unfair, and not worthy of serious consideration.In Weber's terms, what are they trying to achieve by presenting policies of their opponents in this way?

Why is it possible for Canadians working full time to still be poor?

What does the textbook conclude about the Canadian tax system?

Ashok and Lucy both work full-time at minimum-wage jobs and have just enough money to pay their rent and buy groceries and absolutely necessary clothing.They have not been able to afford to order pizza or go to a film in eight months.What does their situation illustrate?

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