Exam 4: Learning

A _____________ reinforcer,such as money or praise,gets its value through an association with a ___________ reinforcer.

For years,parents have wondered whether physical discipline of their children (spanking,for example)was an effective and acceptable practice.What findings from many research studies have promoted the idea that spanking a child may be a bad idea?

Aunt Bea gave Opie fried chicken livers every time he made his bed.Opie began making his bed more often than he used to.In this example,chicken livers are a _______ reinforcer.

Negative reinforcement is negative in the sense that:

The "law of effect" was first proposed in the modern scientific community by:

Nagging someone to do something until they do it is an example of __________.

Why does fear caused by punishment make the punishment ineffective in changing behavior?

A discriminative stimulus is a stimulus that ______________.

Kelsey just told her family a really funny joke that she made up herself.In order to use a primary reinforcer to encourage her in her joke-telling,Kelsey's dad might ______________.

A discriminative stimulus is typically viewed as __________.

Who was one of the first researchers to explore and outline the laws of voluntary responses?

Which of the following is an example of learning?

When Luke kissed Laura,her heart rate increased.Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave.Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice,her heart raced.Luke's kiss was the:

Dennis buys a lottery ticket every Saturday,using the same set of numbers.Although he has only won $25 on one occasion,he keeps buying the tickets.In fact,he's a little afraid that if he doesn't buy a ticket,that would be the one that would win really big.The fact that Dennis seems addicted to buying lottery tickets is a common characteristic of which schedule of reinforcement?

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

A school issues tokens to the children for good behavior.This issue of a token is an example of ___________.

The process of learning to respond only to a single specific object or event is called _______.

What kind of reinforcement is used if Sally's parents give her $10 every time she accumulates six As on her tests?

In classical conditioning,the interstimulus interval refers to the amount of time between ________.

In the experiment with Little Albert,the conditioned stimulus was __________.