Question 1

A transcontinental railroad was not built before the Civil War because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the Appalachian Mountains presented great engineering problems 
B)  Congress refused to consider federal subsidies for a private railroad 
C)  the technologies for building long tunnels through the Rockies did not exist 
D)  many southern states used the states' rights argument to reject federal aid for railroads 
E)  North-South sectional differences prevented Congress from selecting a route 
A)  the Appalachian Mountains presented great engineering problems 
B)  Congress refused to consider federal subsidies for a private railroad 
C)  the technologies for building long tunnels through the Rockies did not exist 
D)  many southern states used the states' rights argument to reject federal aid for railroads 
E)  North-South sectional differences prevented Congress from selecting a route

Question 2

MATCHING
Match each description with the item below.
-Alvah Roebuck

Accepted Answer

A) founded Standard Oil 
B) was president of the Homestead Steel Works 
C) led the Knights of Labor 
D) wrote "The Gospel of Wealth" 
E) was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
F)founded a mail-order business
G)coined the phrase "social dynamite"
H)organized the Workingmen's Party of California
I)was a labor organizer executed for murder
J)consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation 
A) founded Standard Oil 
B) was president of the Homestead Steel Works 
C) led the Knights of Labor 
D) wrote "The Gospel of Wealth" 
E) was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
F)founded a mail-order business
G)coined the phrase "social dynamite"
H)organized the Workingmen's Party of California
I)was a labor organizer executed for murder
J)consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation

Question 3

The Knights of Labor:

Accepted Answer

A)  formed a successful political party 
B)  admitted only skilled workers, like printers or cigar makers 
C)  called for men and women to have equal pay for equal work 
D)  advocated the revolutionary overthrow of capitalism 
E)  allowed doctors, lawyers, and bankers to join their ranks 
A)  formed a successful political party 
B)  admitted only skilled workers, like printers or cigar makers 
C)  called for men and women to have equal pay for equal work 
D)  advocated the revolutionary overthrow of capitalism 
E)  allowed doctors, lawyers, and bankers to join their ranks

Question 4

Which of the following best accounts for the success of Standard Oil?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its scientists found new technical processes for refining oil more efficiently. 
B)  It bought out the Erie Railroad in order to keep transportation charges low. 
C)  It was one of the first companies to invest heavily in advertising. 
D)  Rockefeller was lucky to find the highest-quality oil on his Ohio farm. 
E)  Its corporate structure-known as vertical integration-allowed the company to grow tremendously. 
A)  Its scientists found new technical processes for refining oil more efficiently. 
B)  It bought out the Erie Railroad in order to keep transportation charges low. 
C)  It was one of the first companies to invest heavily in advertising. 
D)  Rockefeller was lucky to find the highest-quality oil on his Ohio farm. 
E)  Its corporate structure-known as vertical integration-allowed the company to grow tremendously.

Question 5

Which of the following was Mother Jones a member of ?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Socialist party 
B)  the Republican party 
C)  the Tea party 
D)  the Democratic party 
E)  the Whig party 
A)  the Socialist party 
B)  the Republican party 
C)  the Tea party 
D)  the Democratic party 
E)  the Whig party

Question 6

The Sand-Lot Incident in San Francisco in 1877 led to attacks against Chinese immigrants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Sears, Roebuck and Company was a pioneer in:

Accepted Answer

A)  selling goods by mail 
B)  retail, opening a chain of grocery stores across the United States 
C)  manufacturing cheap, practical clothing 
D)  providing electric power for New York City 
E)  retail, opening a chain of tool stores across the United States 
A)  selling goods by mail 
B)  retail, opening a chain of grocery stores across the United States 
C)  manufacturing cheap, practical clothing 
D)  providing electric power for New York City 
E)  retail, opening a chain of tool stores across the United States

Question 8

From the end of the Civil War to the turn of the century:

Accepted Answer

A)  the value of manufactures increased six-fold 
B)  farm production declined 
C)  average wages and earnings declined 
D)  fewer women and children worked 
E)  innovation in business remained stagnant 
A)  the value of manufactures increased six-fold 
B)  farm production declined 
C)  average wages and earnings declined 
D)  fewer women and children worked 
E)  innovation in business remained stagnant

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the Pinkertons is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were a detective agency. 
B)  They relied on Chinese labor to fill their ranks. 
C)  They were funded by the government. 
D)  They were hired to end the Great Railroad Strike of 1877. 
E)  They worked against and infiltrated the Mafia. 
A)  They were a detective agency. 
B)  They relied on Chinese labor to fill their ranks. 
C)  They were funded by the government. 
D)  They were hired to end the Great Railroad Strike of 1877. 
E)  They worked against and infiltrated the Mafia.

Question 10

MATCHING
Match each description with the item below.
-Denis Kearney

Accepted Answer

A) founded Standard Oil 
B) was president of the Homestead Steel Works 
C) led the Knights of Labor 
D) wrote "The Gospel of Wealth" 
E) was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
F)founded a mail-order business
G)coined the phrase "social dynamite"
H)organized the Workingmen's Party of California
I)was a labor organizer executed for murder
J)consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation 
A) founded Standard Oil 
B) was president of the Homestead Steel Works 
C) led the Knights of Labor 
D) wrote "The Gospel of Wealth" 
E) was a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of America
F)founded a mail-order business
G)coined the phrase "social dynamite"
H)organized the Workingmen's Party of California
I)was a labor organizer executed for murder
J)consolidated the steel industry into the United States Steel Corporation

Question 11

How did the AFL differ from the Knights of Labor?

Accepted Answer

A)  The AFL was socialist while the Knights were capitalists. 
B)  The AFL was a federation of national organizations, each of which retained a large degree of its autonomy, while the Knights organization was more centralized. 
C)  The AFL was controlled by anarchists, while the Knights were statists. 
D)  The AFL had no national leader, while the Knights looked to Terence Powderly. 
E)  The AFL was affiliated with Republicans, while the Knights supported Democrats. 
A)  The AFL was socialist while the Knights were capitalists. 
B)  The AFL was a federation of national organizations, each of which retained a large degree of its autonomy, while the Knights organization was more centralized. 
C)  The AFL was controlled by anarchists, while the Knights were statists. 
D)  The AFL had no national leader, while the Knights looked to Terence Powderly. 
E)  The AFL was affiliated with Republicans, while the Knights supported Democrats.

Question 12

What factors account for the dramatic growth in business after the Civil War? Write an essay that explains why each factor you identify was significant.

Accepted Answer

The dramatic growth in business after th

Question 13

The Knights of Labor allowed all occupations to join EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  lawyers 
B)  doctors 
C)  bankers 
D)  policeman 
E)  those who sold liquor 
A)  lawyers 
B)  doctors 
C)  bankers 
D)  policeman 
E)  those who sold liquor

Question 14

What was one main reason electric motors were significant to the industrialization of the late nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were used in the first automobiles. 
B)  They powered the first lightbulbs. 
C)  They freed factories to locate wherever they wished, not just by waterfalls and coal deposits. 
D)  They forced railroads to abandon the use of steam power. 
E)  They eliminated the need for oil during the Industrial Revolution. 
A)  They were used in the first automobiles. 
B)  They powered the first lightbulbs. 
C)  They freed factories to locate wherever they wished, not just by waterfalls and coal deposits. 
D)  They forced railroads to abandon the use of steam power. 
E)  They eliminated the need for oil during the Industrial Revolution.

Question 15

The Knights of Labor declined for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  popular fears that the organization was too radical 
B)  its leader Terence Powderly died 
C)  the Haymarket affair discredited the union 
D)  its leadership was devoted more to reform than to the nuts and bolts of organization 
E)  it was associated with violence by the press 
A)  popular fears that the organization was too radical 
B)  its leader Terence Powderly died 
C)  the Haymarket affair discredited the union 
D)  its leadership was devoted more to reform than to the nuts and bolts of organization 
E)  it was associated with violence by the press

Question 16

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 was provoked by:

Accepted Answer

A)  wage cuts that followed a depression 
B)  the railroad's refusal to hire blacks and women 
C)  concerns over workplace safety 
D)  worker demands for paid vacations 
E)  the deaths of four children in an explosion at Pullman's factory 
A)  wage cuts that followed a depression 
B)  the railroad's refusal to hire blacks and women 
C)  concerns over workplace safety 
D)  worker demands for paid vacations 
E)  the deaths of four children in an explosion at Pullman's factory

Question 17

The Pennsylvania oil rush:

Accepted Answer

A)  outweighed, in economic importance, the California gold rush of a decade before 
B)  gave J. Pierpont Morgan his start in business 
C)  ended the monopoly in petroleum production that Oklahoma had enjoyed for a quarter of a century 
D)  began in 1889 
E)  illustrated to many Americans that a dependence on oil might prove problematic in the future 
A)  outweighed, in economic importance, the California gold rush of a decade before 
B)  gave J. Pierpont Morgan his start in business 
C)  ended the monopoly in petroleum production that Oklahoma had enjoyed for a quarter of a century 
D)  began in 1889 
E)  illustrated to many Americans that a dependence on oil might prove problematic in the future

Question 18

The head of the National Labor Union was:

Accepted Answer

A)  William Sylvis 
B)  Terence Powderly 
C)  W. E. B. Du Bois 
D)  Samuel Gompers 
E)  Eugene Debs 
A)  William Sylvis 
B)  Terence Powderly 
C)  W. E. B. Du Bois 
D)  Samuel Gompers 
E)  Eugene Debs

Question 19

Membership in the American Federation of Labor at first:

Accepted Answer

A)  reflected the growing membership of agricultural workers 
B)  grew rapidly 
C)  was primarily African American 
D)  reflected the growing membership of the unskilled worker 
E)  grew slowly 
A)  reflected the growing membership of agricultural workers 
B)  grew rapidly 
C)  was primarily African American 
D)  reflected the growing membership of the unskilled worker 
E)  grew slowly

Question 20

Anarchists oppose all forms of government.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 17: Business and Labor in the Industrial Era, 1860-1900

A transcontinental railroad was not built before the Civil War because:

MATCHING Match each description with the item below. -Alvah Roebuck

The Knights of Labor:

Which of the following best accounts for the success of Standard Oil?

Which of the following was Mother Jones a member of ?

The Sand-Lot Incident in San Francisco in 1877 led to attacks against Chinese immigrants.

Sears, Roebuck and Company was a pioneer in:

From the end of the Civil War to the turn of the century:

Which of the following statements about the Pinkertons is true?

MATCHING Match each description with the item below. -Denis Kearney

How did the AFL differ from the Knights of Labor?

What factors account for the dramatic growth in business after the Civil War? Write an essay that explains why each factor you identify was significant.

The Knights of Labor allowed all occupations to join EXCEPT:

What was one main reason electric motors were significant to the industrialization of the late nineteenth century?

The Knights of Labor declined for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 was provoked by:

The Pennsylvania oil rush:

The head of the National Labor Union was:

Membership in the American Federation of Labor at first:

Anarchists oppose all forms of government.

The Collision of Cultures

England’s Colonies

Colonial Ways of Life

From Colonies to States

The American Revolution, 1776-1783

Strengthening the New Nation

The Early Republic, 1800-1815

The Emergence of a Market Economy, 1815-1850

Nationalism and Sectionalism, 1815-1828

The Jacksonian Era, 1828-1840

The South, Slavery, and King Cotton, 1800-1860

Religion, Romanticism, and Reform, 1800-1860

Western Expansion, 1830-1848

The Gathering Storm, 1848-1860

The War of the Union, 1861-1865

The Era of Reconstruction 1865-1877

The New South and the New West, 1865-1900

Political Stalemate and Rural Revolt, 1865-1900

Seizing an American Empire, 1865-1913

The Progressive Era, 1890-1920

America and the Great War, 1914-1920

A Clash of Cultures, 1920-1929

The Reactionary Twenties

The Great Depression, 1929-1939

The Second World War, 1933-1945

The Cold War and the Fair Deal, 1945-1952

Cold War America, 1950-1959

A New Frontier and a Great Society, 1960-1968

Rebellion and Reaction, 1960s and 1970s

Conservative Revival, 1977-1990

Twenty-first-century America, 1993-present

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