Question 1

The pulse pressure is the

Accepted Answer

A)  difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure. 
B)  average pressure throughout the cardiac cycle. 
C)  maximum pressure exerted in the arteries. 
D)  minimum pressure exerted in the arteries. 
E)  change in pressure that can be felt in an artery due to shutting of the aortic valve. 
A)  difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure. 
B)  average pressure throughout the cardiac cycle. 
C)  maximum pressure exerted in the arteries. 
D)  minimum pressure exerted in the arteries. 
E)  change in pressure that can be felt in an artery due to shutting of the aortic valve.

Question 2

Which vessels play an important role in preventing edema?

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries. 
B)  arterioles. 
C)  capillaries. 
D)  veins. 
E)  lymph vessels. 
A)  arteries. 
B)  arterioles. 
C)  capillaries. 
D)  veins. 
E)  lymph vessels.

Question 3

Water soluble substances such as glucose and amino acids can readily pass through capillary pores during exchange processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The major site of sympathetic blood flow control (resistance changes) is at the

Accepted Answer

A)  arterioles. 
B)  capillaries. 
C)  metarterioles. 
D)  arteries. 
E)  none of these answers. 
A)  arterioles. 
B)  capillaries. 
C)  metarterioles. 
D)  arteries. 
E)  none of these answers.

Question 5

When blood pressure falls below normal, indicate what happens to each of the following factors to restore the blood pressure back toward normal.
A. When the blood pressure falls below normal, the rate of firing in the afferent nerves originating from the carotid-sinus and aortic-arch baroreceptors
 a. increases.
 b. decreases.
 c. does not change.
B. As a result of A, the medullary cardiovascular center responds by _____________ the rate of firing in the sympathetic cardiac nerve.
 a. increasing
 b. decreasing
 c. not changing
C. Also as a result of A, the cardiovascular center __________ the rate of firing in the parasympathetic nerve supply to the heart.
 a. increases
 b. decreases
 c. does not alter
D. Also as a result of A, the rate of firing in the sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerve __________ by the cardiovascular center.
 a. is increased
 b. is decreased
 c. is not altered
E. As a result of B and C, the rate of firing of the SA node
 a. increases.
 b. decreases.
 c. remains unchanged.
F. As a result of E, the heart rate
 a. increases.
 b. decreases.
 c. remains unchanged.
G. As a result of D,
 a. arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs.
 b. arteriolar vasodilation occurs.
 c. there is no change in arteriolar radius.
H. As a result of G, total peripheral resistance
 a. increases.
 b. decreases.
 c. remains unchanged.
I. Also as a result of D,
 a. venous vasoconstriction occurs.
 b. venous vasodilation occurs.
 c. there is no change in venous radius.
J. As a result of I, venous return
 a. increases.
 b. decreases.
 c. remains unchanged.
K. As a result of J, end-diastolic volume
 a. increases.
 b. decreases.
 c. remains unchanged.
L. As a result of B and K, stroke volume
 a. increases.
 b. decreases.
 c. remains unchanged.
M. As a result of F and L, cardiac output
 a. increases.
 b. decreases.
 c. remains unchanged.
N. As a result of H and M, blood pressure
 a. increases to normal.
 b. decreases to normal.
 c. remains unchanged.

Accepted Answer

A.	b
B.	a
C.	b
D.	a

Question 6

Each of the following factors promotes the function of the capillaries except

Accepted Answer

A)  a blood pressure forcing fluid out of these vessels. 
B)  a small total surface area. 
C)  an osmotic pressure drawing fluid into these vessels. 
D)  pores in the endothelial wall. 
E)  thin walls. 
A)  a blood pressure forcing fluid out of these vessels. 
B)  a small total surface area. 
C)  an osmotic pressure drawing fluid into these vessels. 
D)  pores in the endothelial wall. 
E)  thin walls.

Question 7

Active hyperemia

Accepted Answer

A)  refers to the arteriolar dilation that occurs within a tissue in response to local chemical changes that accompany increased metabolic activity of the tissue. 
B)  refers to local arteriolar mechanisms that are aimed at keeping tissue blood flow fairly constant in spite of rather wide deviations in mean arterial driving pressure. 
C)  refers to the increase in blood flow to a tissue that occurs after removal of an occlusion of its blood supply. 
D)  is important in maintaining an adequate pressure head to drive blood forward into a tissue. 
E)  none of these answers. 
A)  refers to the arteriolar dilation that occurs within a tissue in response to local chemical changes that accompany increased metabolic activity of the tissue. 
B)  refers to local arteriolar mechanisms that are aimed at keeping tissue blood flow fairly constant in spite of rather wide deviations in mean arterial driving pressure. 
C)  refers to the increase in blood flow to a tissue that occurs after removal of an occlusion of its blood supply. 
D)  is important in maintaining an adequate pressure head to drive blood forward into a tissue. 
E)  none of these answers.

Question 8

If the pressure gradient in a vessel is constant, flow will double when the radius decreases by two-fold.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

MATCHING
Indicate which type of the vessel performs the function listed by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below.
-Serve as a blood reservoir to accommodate variations in blood volume.

Accepted Answer

A) arteries 
B) arterioles 
C) capillaries 
D) veins 
E) lymphatics 
A) arteries 
B) arterioles 
C) capillaries 
D) veins 
E) lymphatics

Question 10

During circulatory shock, compensatory measures immediately attempt to maintain adequate blood flow to the brain by increasing blood pressure toward normal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The primary mechanism for exchange of individual solutes across the capillary wall is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

diffusion

Question 12

Vascular resistance is most influence by:

Accepted Answer

A)  length of a blood vessel. 
B)  diameter of a blood vessel. 
C)  nature of the blood flow. 
D)  viscosity of the blood. 
E)  all of these equally 
A)  length of a blood vessel. 
B)  diameter of a blood vessel. 
C)  nature of the blood flow. 
D)  viscosity of the blood. 
E)  all of these equally

Question 13

Indicate whether arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasodilation would occur in the tissue in question by using the following answer code:
-a hyperemic response in the heart

Accepted Answer

A) would produce arteriolar vasoconstriction 
B) would produce arteriolar vasodilation 
C) would not cause any change in arteriolar caliber 
A) would produce arteriolar vasoconstriction 
B) would produce arteriolar vasodilation 
C) would not cause any change in arteriolar caliber

Question 14

Describe the forces involved bulk flow across a capillary bed.

Accepted Answer

The forces involved in bulk flow include

Question 15

The following questions refer to the accompanying diagram of arteriole vasoconstriction and vasodilation. The diagram shows three state of arteriole tone. The top image labeled "A," shows normal tone. The other two panels labeled "B" and "C" show different state of arteriole tone. Match the statements below with the correct arteriole using A, B, and C.
-Decreased diameter

Accepted Answer

The answer of   
The following questions refer to...

Question 16

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below:
-expanded plasma volume due to excessive fluid intake

Accepted Answer

A) The change would increase ultrafiltration and decrease reabsorption. 
B) The change would decrease ultrafiltration and increase reabsorption. 
C) The change would increase both ultrafiltration and reabsorption. 
D) the change would decrease both ultrafiltration and reabsorption. 
E) The change would not alter ultrafiltration and reabsorption. 
A) The change would increase ultrafiltration and decrease reabsorption. 
B) The change would decrease ultrafiltration and increase reabsorption. 
C) The change would increase both ultrafiltration and reabsorption. 
D) the change would decrease both ultrafiltration and reabsorption. 
E) The change would not alter ultrafiltration and reabsorption.

Question 17

Because the arteries have large radii, they serve as excellent rapid-transit passageways for blood. Their second function, related to their elasticity, is to act as a(n) ____ for maintaining blood flow during diastole.

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiac reserve 
B)  venous reserve 
C)  arterial capacitance 
D)  lymphatic reserve 
E)  pressure reservoir 
A)  cardiac reserve 
B)  venous reserve 
C)  arterial capacitance 
D)  lymphatic reserve 
E)  pressure reservoir

Question 18

What are the roles of the lymphatic system in relation to the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Under normal conditions slightly more fl

Question 19

The microcirculation is composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. 
B)  arterioles, capillaries, and venules. 
C)  arteries, capillaries, and venules. 
D)  arteries, arterioles, and venules. 
E)  none of these answers. 
A)  arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. 
B)  arterioles, capillaries, and venules. 
C)  arteries, capillaries, and venules. 
D)  arteries, arterioles, and venules. 
E)  none of these answers.

Question 20

The following local chemical changes occur during a period of increased cell activity except

Accepted Answer

A)  increased CO2. 
B)  increased acid. 
C)  increased O2. 
D)  increased K+. 
E)  increased osmolarity. 
A)  increased CO2. 
B)  increased acid. 
C)  increased O2. 
D)  increased K+. 
E)  increased osmolarity.

The pulse pressure is the

Which vessels play an important role in preventing edema?

Water soluble substances such as glucose and amino acids can readily pass through capillary pores during exchange processes.

The major site of sympathetic blood flow control (resistance changes) is at the

Each of the following factors promotes the function of the capillaries except

Active hyperemia

If the pressure gradient in a vessel is constant, flow will double when the radius decreases by two-fold.

MATCHING Indicate which type of the vessel performs the function listed by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below. -Serve as a blood reservoir to accommodate variations in blood volume.

During circulatory shock, compensatory measures immediately attempt to maintain adequate blood flow to the brain by increasing blood pressure toward normal.

The primary mechanism for exchange of individual solutes across the capillary wall is ____________________.

Vascular resistance is most influence by:

Indicate whether arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasodilation would occur in the tissue in question by using the following answer code: -a hyperemic response in the heart

Describe the forces involved bulk flow across a capillary bed.

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below: -expanded plasma volume due to excessive fluid intake

Because the arteries have large radii, they serve as excellent rapid-transit passageways for blood. Their second function, related to their elasticity, is to act as a(n) ____ for maintaining blood flow during diastole.

What are the roles of the lymphatic system in relation to the cardiovascular system?

The microcirculation is composed of:

The following local chemical changes occur during a period of increased cell activity except

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

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Exam 10: The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The pulse pressure is the

Which vessels play an important role in preventing edema?

Water soluble substances such as glucose and amino acids can readily pass through capillary pores during exchange processes.

The major site of sympathetic blood flow control (resistance changes) is at the

Each of the following factors promotes the function of the capillaries except

Active hyperemia

If the pressure gradient in a vessel is constant, flow will double when the radius decreases by two-fold.

MATCHING Indicate which type of the vessel performs the function listed by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below. -Serve as a blood reservoir to accommodate variations in blood volume.

During circulatory shock, compensatory measures immediately attempt to maintain adequate blood flow to the brain by increasing blood pressure toward normal.

The primary mechanism for exchange of individual solutes across the capillary wall is ____________________.

Vascular resistance is most influence by:

Indicate whether arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasodilation would occur in the tissue in question by using the following answer code: -a hyperemic response in the heart

Describe the forces involved bulk flow across a capillary bed.

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below: -expanded plasma volume due to excessive fluid intake

Because the arteries have large radii, they serve as excellent rapid-transit passageways for blood. Their second function, related to their elasticity, is to act as a(n) ____ for maintaining blood flow during diastole.

What are the roles of the lymphatic system in relation to the cardiovascular system?

The microcirculation is composed of:

The following local chemical changes occur during a period of increased cell activity except

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

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