Question 1

Use the following to answer questions:
For each symptom, match the behavioral deficit.
-poor voluntary control of gaze ___

Accepted Answer

A) Broca's area 
B) the orbital cortex 
C) the primary motor cortex 
D) frontal eye fields 
A) Broca's area 
B) the orbital cortex 
C) the primary motor cortex 
D) frontal eye fields D

Question 2

Describe the Wisconsin Card - Sorting Test and the Stroop test. What aspect of cognition appears to be responsible for performance on these tasks?

Accepted Answer

The Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test consists of four stimulus cards on which are four different shapes and four different colors, as well as varying numbers of items. With minimal instruction (only whether the action taken was correct or incorrect), the patient has to determine the rule for matching their card to one of the stimulus cards-for example, matching based on the color blue, the triangle shape, or the number of stars. The examiner changes the rule once they have achieved 10 successes. The Stroop Test has three trials. The first is reading the names of colors written in black ink; the second requires naming the ink colors depicted in Xs; the last trial requires the patient name the color of the ink while inhibiting the response to read the name of a different color. Because the proponent response is to read, this task requires strong response inhibition to override. Both of these tasks require executive functions; mental flexibility is especially important for the Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test and shifting strategies.

Question 3

Use the following to answer questions:
For each question, select the most appropriate test from the alternatives listed.
-response inhibition ___

Accepted Answer

A) Wisconsin Card-Sorting test 
B) standard IQ test 
C) Word-Fluency test 
D) delayed nonmatching to sample 
A) Wisconsin Card-Sorting test 
B) standard IQ test 
C) Word-Fluency test 
D) delayed nonmatching to sample A

Question 4

Describe some data which suggest that the frontal cortex is important in short - term memory.

Accepted Answer

Delayed-response tasks in monkeys and de

Question 5

What are the general effects of frontal lesions on divergent thinking? On convergent thinking?

Accepted Answer

Frontal-lesion effect on divergent think

Question 6

What are the effects of left or right unilateral frontal lesions on verbal fluency, design copying, and understanding the meaning of proverbs?

Accepted Answer

The left hemisphere governs verbal behav

Question 7

Use the following to answer questions:
For each question, select the most appropriate test from the alternatives listed.
-temporal memory ___

Accepted Answer

A) Wisconsin Card-Sorting test 
B) standard IQ test 
C) Word-Fluency test 
D) delayed nonmatching to sample 
A) Wisconsin Card-Sorting test 
B) standard IQ test 
C) Word-Fluency test 
D) delayed nonmatching to sample

Question 8

Name four cognitive skills impaired by dorsolateral frontal cortex damage.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive skills that are impaired are t

Question 9

Differentiate between the roles of premotor and supplementary motor cortices in the sequencing of motor movements.

Accepted Answer

The premotor region selects appropriate

Question 10

Compare and contrast the effects of temporal and frontal lobe lesions on tests of recency memory.

Accepted Answer

Frontal lobe damage results in a deficit

Question 11

What are two possible interpretations of Passingham's findings concerning area 46 lesions in monkeys?

Accepted Answer

Area 46 provides internal info

Question 12

Just as you are about to complain to a friend about the unjustly bad grade you received on a recent exam, you recognize your professor approaching. You manage to smile and withhold your angry comments until he passes out of earshot. Describe the brain regions and their respective functions likely to have been particularly involved in helping you to avoid this potentially embarrassing social situation.

Accepted Answer

This behavior could be described as emot

Question 13

Use the following to answer questions:
For each question, select the most appropriate test from the alternatives listed.
-convergent thinking ___

Accepted Answer

A) Wisconsin Card-Sorting test 
B) standard IQ test 
C) Word-Fluency test 
D) delayed nonmatching to sample 
A) Wisconsin Card-Sorting test 
B) standard IQ test 
C) Word-Fluency test 
D) delayed nonmatching to sample

Question 14

Discuss the relationship between the prefrontal cortex anatomy, performance on the gambling task, and addictive behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Orbitofrontal lesions produce impaired a

Question 15

Relate the effects of frontal - lobe lesions on the Wisconsin Card - Sorting Test (WCST) to the effects of such lesions on social behavior.

Accepted Answer

Frontal lobe lesions have consistently p

Question 16

Use the following to answer questions:
For each symptom, match the behavioral deficit.
-loss of fine movements ___

Accepted Answer

A) Broca's area 
B) the orbital cortex 
C) the primary motor cortex 
D) frontal eye fields 
A) Broca's area 
B) the orbital cortex 
C) the primary motor cortex 
D) frontal eye fields

Question 17

What is the "problem" for which the concept of corollary discharge is the "answer"?

Accepted Answer

The problem is what can be described as

Question 18

Distinguish between pseudopsychopathy and pseudodepression, functionally and anatomically.

Accepted Answer

Pseudopsychopathy involves right orbitof

Question 19

Use the following to answer questions:
For each symptom, match the behavioral deficit.
-altered sexual behavior ___

Accepted Answer

A) Broca's area 
B) the orbital cortex 
C) the primary motor cortex 
D) frontal eye fields 
A) Broca's area 
B) the orbital cortex 
C) the primary motor cortex 
D) frontal eye fields

Question 20

Describe the neural networks that support successful performance of Bechara and Damasio's gambling task.

Accepted Answer

The orbitofrontal cortex and a

Exam 16: Extension: B - The Frontal Lobes

Use the following to answer questions: For each symptom, match the behavioral deficit. -poor voluntary control of gaze ___

Describe the Wisconsin Card - Sorting Test and the Stroop test. What aspect of cognition appears to be responsible for performance on these tasks?

Use the following to answer questions: For each question, select the most appropriate test from the alternatives listed. -response inhibition ___

Describe some data which suggest that the frontal cortex is important in short - term memory.

What are the general effects of frontal lesions on divergent thinking? On convergent thinking?

What are the effects of left or right unilateral frontal lesions on verbal fluency, design copying, and understanding the meaning of proverbs?

Use the following to answer questions: For each question, select the most appropriate test from the alternatives listed. -temporal memory ___

Name four cognitive skills impaired by dorsolateral frontal cortex damage.

Differentiate between the roles of premotor and supplementary motor cortices in the sequencing of motor movements.

Compare and contrast the effects of temporal and frontal lobe lesions on tests of recency memory.

What are two possible interpretations of Passingham's findings concerning area 46 lesions in monkeys?

Use the following to answer questions: For each question, select the most appropriate test from the alternatives listed. -convergent thinking ___

Discuss the relationship between the prefrontal cortex anatomy, performance on the gambling task, and addictive behaviors.

Relate the effects of frontal - lobe lesions on the Wisconsin Card - Sorting Test (WCST) to the effects of such lesions on social behavior.

Use the following to answer questions: For each symptom, match the behavioral deficit. -loss of fine movements ___

What is the "problem" for which the concept of corollary discharge is the "answer"?

Distinguish between pseudopsychopathy and pseudodepression, functionally and anatomically.

Use the following to answer questions: For each symptom, match the behavioral deficit. -altered sexual behavior ___

Describe the neural networks that support successful performance of Bechara and Damasio's gambling task.

Extension: A - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: B - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: C - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: A - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: B - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: C - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: A - Nervous System Organization

Extension: B - Nervous System Organization

Extension: C - Nervous System Organization

Extension: A - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: B - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: C - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: A - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: B - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: C - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: A - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: B - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: C - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: A - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: B - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: C - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: A - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: B - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: C - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: A - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: B - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: C - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: A - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: B - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: C - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: A - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: B - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: C - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: A - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: B - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: C - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: A - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: B - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: C - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: A - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: B - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: C - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: A - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: B - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: C - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: A - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: C - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: A - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: B - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: C - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: A - Learning and Memory

Extension: B - Learning and Memory

Extension: C - Learning and Memory

Extension: A - Language

Extension: B - Language

Extension: C - Language

Extension: A - Emotion and the Social Brain

Extension: B - Emotion and the Social Brain

Extension: C - Emotion and the Social Brain

Extension: A - Spatial Behavior