Question 1

Describe how the distinction between wanting a drug and liking a drug is implemented in the brain.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Di

Question 2

According to the Premack principle,if a teenager would rather go shopping than clean her room:

Accepted Answer

A) her desire to clean her room will be increased by restricting her access to going shopping. 
B) her desire to go shopping will be increased by restricting her access to cleaning her room. 
C) allowing her to go shopping could be used as a reward for cleaning her room. 
D) cleaning her room could be used as a reward for going shopping. 
A) her desire to clean her room will be increased by restricting her access to going shopping. 
B) her desire to go shopping will be increased by restricting her access to cleaning her room. 
C) allowing her to go shopping could be used as a reward for cleaning her room. 
D) cleaning her room could be used as a reward for going shopping.

Question 3

Suppose you want to stop your bad habit of eating too much chocolate.Describe how you could do this using (1)distancing, (2)reinforcement of alternative behaviors,and (3)delayed reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: (1)Distancing: stay aw

Question 4

Discuss the evidence suggesting that dopamine is involved in reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: (1)Primary and seconda

Question 5

For punishment to be MOST effective:

Accepted Answer

A) it should start out weak and become gradually stronger each time the behavior is repeated. 
B) the organism should know under what circumstances a particular behavior will and will not be punished. 
C) the behavior cannot be concurrently reinforced. 
D) All of the answers are correct. 
A) it should start out weak and become gradually stronger each time the behavior is repeated. 
B) the organism should know under what circumstances a particular behavior will and will not be punished. 
C) the behavior cannot be concurrently reinforced. 
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

According to the Premack principle,if a child would rather wash dishes than do homework:

Accepted Answer

A) homework could be used as a reward for washing dishes. 
B) washing dishes could be used as a reward for doing homework. 
C) the child's desire to do homework will be increased by restricting access to washing dishes. 
D) the child's desire to do dishes will be increased by restricting access to doing homework. 
A) homework could be used as a reward for washing dishes. 
B) washing dishes could be used as a reward for doing homework. 
C) the child's desire to do homework will be increased by restricting access to washing dishes. 
D) the child's desire to do dishes will be increased by restricting access to doing homework.

Question 7

A baseball player gets a hit approximately every third time at bat.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) fixed-ratio 
B) fixed-interval 
C) variable-ratio 
D) variable-interval 
A) fixed-ratio 
B) fixed-interval 
C) variable-ratio 
D) variable-interval

Question 8

If a little boy can hear his mother moving around in the kitchen downstairs in the morning,he can be fairly certain that it is time to get up and have his breakfast.The discriminative stimulus in this example is:

Accepted Answer

A) breakfast. 
B) the sounds of the mother moving around. 
C) the little boy. 
D) the kitchen. 
A) breakfast. 
B) the sounds of the mother moving around. 
C) the little boy. 
D) the kitchen.

Question 9

Andrea is trying to stop biting her nails.Whenever she gets the urge to bit her nails,she forces herself to count to 100 before giving in to her urge.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) extinction. 
B) distancing. 
C) reinforcement of alternative behaviors. 
D) delayed reinforcement. 
A) extinction. 
B) distancing. 
C) reinforcement of alternative behaviors. 
D) delayed reinforcement.

Question 10

Interfering with dopamine seems to:

Accepted Answer

A) impair motor responses but have no effect on enjoyment of a reinforcer. 
B) reduce enjoyment of a reinforcer but have no effect on motor responses. 
C) reduce motivation to perform a behavior but have no effect on enjoyment of a reinforcer. 
D) reduce enjoyment of a reinforcer but have no effect on motivation to perform a behavior. 
A) impair motor responses but have no effect on enjoyment of a reinforcer. 
B) reduce enjoyment of a reinforcer but have no effect on motor responses. 
C) reduce motivation to perform a behavior but have no effect on enjoyment of a reinforcer. 
D) reduce enjoyment of a reinforcer but have no effect on motivation to perform a behavior.

Question 11

If the lights are on in a diner,a potential customer can be pretty sure that opening the door to the diner and sitting down will lead to being served a meal.The discriminative stimulus in this example is:

Accepted Answer

A) the diner. 
B) the door. 
C) the lights being on. 
D) getting a meal. 
A) the diner. 
B) the door. 
C) the lights being on. 
D) getting a meal.

Question 12

According to the law of effect,Thorndike's cats learned to escape the puzzle box because:

Accepted Answer

A) making the correct sequence of responses led to a desirable outcome. 
B) they instinctively knew how to escape. 
C) they acquired an understanding of what they needed to do in order to escape. 
D) they learned the correct sequence of responses by watching other cats escape from similar boxes. 
A) making the correct sequence of responses led to a desirable outcome. 
B) they instinctively knew how to escape. 
C) they acquired an understanding of what they needed to do in order to escape. 
D) they learned the correct sequence of responses by watching other cats escape from similar boxes.

Question 13

Explain how operant conditioning is different from classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: In operant c

Question 14

A professor gives her class donuts every Monday.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) fixed-ratio 
B) fixed-interval 
C) variable-ratio 
D) variable-interval 
A) fixed-ratio 
B) fixed-interval 
C) variable-ratio 
D) variable-interval

Question 15

Describe how you could use shaping to get a child to do his homework.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: The answer must break

Question 16

What is the main difference between classical and operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) Operant conditioning shows extinction but classical conditioning does not. 
B) Classical conditioning shows extinction but operant conditioning does not. 
C) In operant conditioning the outcome depends on the response,while in classical conditioning the outcome occurs,regardless of the response. 
D) In classical conditioning the outcome depends on the response,while in operant conditioning the outcome occurs,regardless of the response. 
A) Operant conditioning shows extinction but classical conditioning does not. 
B) Classical conditioning shows extinction but operant conditioning does not. 
C) In operant conditioning the outcome depends on the response,while in classical conditioning the outcome occurs,regardless of the response. 
D) In classical conditioning the outcome depends on the response,while in operant conditioning the outcome occurs,regardless of the response.

Question 17

What is extinction mimicry? What are two explanations for it?

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: An example of extincti

Question 18

The study of how organisms allocate their time and resources among possible options is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) the matching law. 
B) behavioral economics. 
C) chaining. 
D) shaping. 
A) the matching law. 
B) behavioral economics. 
C) chaining. 
D) shaping.

Question 19

Why is dopamine believed to be involved in reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A) Dopamine release in rats is triggered by primary and secondary reinforcers. 
B) Presentation of reinforcers leads to activity in brain areas known to receive dopaminergic input. 
C) Blocking dopamine activity leads to extinction of reinforced responses. 
D) All of the answers are correct. 
A) Dopamine release in rats is triggered by primary and secondary reinforcers. 
B) Presentation of reinforcers leads to activity in brain areas known to receive dopaminergic input. 
C) Blocking dopamine activity leads to extinction of reinforced responses. 
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 20

A student watches for shooting stars on a clear night,and sees one approximately every two minutes.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) fixed-ratio 
B) fixed-interval 
C) variable-ratio 
D) variable-interval 
A) fixed-ratio 
B) fixed-interval 
C) variable-ratio 
D) variable-interval

Describe how the distinction between wanting a drug and liking a drug is implemented in the brain.

According to the Premack principle,if a teenager would rather go shopping than clean her room:

Suppose you want to stop your bad habit of eating too much chocolate.Describe how you could do this using (1)distancing, (2)reinforcement of alternative behaviors,and (3)delayed reinforcement.

Discuss the evidence suggesting that dopamine is involved in reinforcement.

For punishment to be MOST effective:

According to the Premack principle,if a child would rather wash dishes than do homework:

A baseball player gets a hit approximately every third time at bat.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

If a little boy can hear his mother moving around in the kitchen downstairs in the morning,he can be fairly certain that it is time to get up and have his breakfast.The discriminative stimulus in this example is:

Andrea is trying to stop biting her nails.Whenever she gets the urge to bit her nails,she forces herself to count to 100 before giving in to her urge.This is an example of:

Interfering with dopamine seems to:

If the lights are on in a diner,a potential customer can be pretty sure that opening the door to the diner and sitting down will lead to being served a meal.The discriminative stimulus in this example is:

According to the law of effect,Thorndike's cats learned to escape the puzzle box because:

Explain how operant conditioning is different from classical conditioning.

A professor gives her class donuts every Monday.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Describe how you could use shaping to get a child to do his homework.

What is the main difference between classical and operant conditioning?

What is extinction mimicry? What are two explanations for it?

The study of how organisms allocate their time and resources among possible options is known as:

Why is dopamine believed to be involved in reinforcement?

A student watches for shooting stars on a clear night,and sees one approximately every two minutes.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

The Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Important Events

Generalization and Discrimination Learning

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Facts and Events

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Exam 5: Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Describe how the distinction between wanting a drug and liking a drug is implemented in the brain.

According to the Premack principle,if a teenager would rather go shopping than clean her room:

Suppose you want to stop your bad habit of eating too much chocolate.Describe how you could do this using (1)distancing, (2)reinforcement of alternative behaviors,and (3)delayed reinforcement.

Discuss the evidence suggesting that dopamine is involved in reinforcement.

For punishment to be MOST effective:

According to the Premack principle,if a child would rather wash dishes than do homework:

A baseball player gets a hit approximately every third time at bat.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

If a little boy can hear his mother moving around in the kitchen downstairs in the morning,he can be fairly certain that it is time to get up and have his breakfast.The discriminative stimulus in this example is:

Andrea is trying to stop biting her nails.Whenever she gets the urge to bit her nails,she forces herself to count to 100 before giving in to her urge.This is an example of:

Interfering with dopamine seems to:

If the lights are on in a diner,a potential customer can be pretty sure that opening the door to the diner and sitting down will lead to being served a meal.The discriminative stimulus in this example is:

According to the law of effect,Thorndike's cats learned to escape the puzzle box because:

Explain how operant conditioning is different from classical conditioning.

A professor gives her class donuts every Monday.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Describe how you could use shaping to get a child to do his homework.

What is the main difference between classical and operant conditioning?

What is extinction mimicry? What are two explanations for it?

The study of how organisms allocate their time and resources among possible options is known as:

Why is dopamine believed to be involved in reinforcement?

A student watches for shooting stars on a clear night,and sees one approximately every two minutes.This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

The Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Important Events

Generalization and Discrimination Learning

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Facts and Events

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters