Question 1

Both presynaptic facilitation and inhibition are mediated by

Accepted Answer

A)  axoaxonic synapses. 
B)  axodendritic synapses. 
C)  dendrodendritic synapses. 
D)  axosomatic synapses. 
E)  both A and D 
A)  axoaxonic synapses. 
B)  axodendritic synapses. 
C)  dendrodendritic synapses. 
D)  axosomatic synapses. 
E)  both A and D

Question 2

Once released, neurotransmitter molecules typically produce signals in postsynaptic neurons by

Accepted Answer

A)  binding to presynaptic receptors. 
B)  binding to postsynaptic receptors. 
C)  entering postsynaptic neurons. 
D)  binding directly to calcium ions. 
E)  attaching to vesicles. 
A)  binding to presynaptic receptors. 
B)  binding to postsynaptic receptors. 
C)  entering postsynaptic neurons. 
D)  binding directly to calcium ions. 
E)  attaching to vesicles.

Question 3

Vesicles travel from the cell body to the buttons

Accepted Answer

A)  on action potentials. 
B)  along microtubules. 
C)  at a rate of about 40 centimeters per second. 
D)  at a rate of about 40 centimeters per day. 
E)  both B and D 
A)  on action potentials. 
B)  along microtubules. 
C)  at a rate of about 40 centimeters per second. 
D)  at a rate of about 40 centimeters per day. 
E)  both B and D

Question 4

There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic degradation; this neurotransmitter is

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  acetylcholinesterase. 
D)  norepinephrine. 
E)  glutamate. 
A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  acetylcholinesterase. 
D)  norepinephrine. 
E)  glutamate.

Question 5

At rest,

Accepted Answer

A)  a neuron has a membrane potential of about -70 mV. 
B)  the electrical charge outside the neuron is 70 mV less than inside the neuron. 
C)  a neuron is polarized. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C 
A)  a neuron has a membrane potential of about -70 mV. 
B)  the electrical charge outside the neuron is 70 mV less than inside the neuron. 
C)  a neuron is polarized. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C

Question 6

Drugs that facilitate the activity of the synapses of a particular neurotransmitter are said to be __________ of that neurotransmitter.

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitators 
B)  agonists 
C)  antagonists 
D)  autoreceptors 
E)  endorphins 
A)  facilitators 
B)  agonists 
C)  antagonists 
D)  autoreceptors 
E)  endorphins

Question 7

Action potentials are produced by the

Accepted Answer

A)  opening of voltage-activated sodium channels. 
B)  closing of ligand-activated chloride channels. 
C)  closing of ligand-activated potassium channels. 
D)  opening of ligand-activated potassium channels. 
E)  closing of voltage-activated calcium channels. 
A)  opening of voltage-activated sodium channels. 
B)  closing of ligand-activated chloride channels. 
C)  closing of ligand-activated potassium channels. 
D)  opening of ligand-activated potassium channels. 
E)  closing of voltage-activated calcium channels.

Question 8

Botox is

Accepted Answer

A)  a deadly poison. 
B)  used to reduce tremors. 
C)  a nicotinic antagonist. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  a deadly poison. 
B)  used to reduce tremors. 
C)  a nicotinic antagonist. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 9

Which of the following is a passive force that acts to encourage Na+ ions to enter resting neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  random motion, which tends to move ions down their concentration gradients 
B)  electrostatic pressure, which forces ions down their electrostatic gradients 
C)  sodium-potassium pumps, which distribute Na+ and K+ ions equally 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C 
A)  random motion, which tends to move ions down their concentration gradients 
B)  electrostatic pressure, which forces ions down their electrostatic gradients 
C)  sodium-potassium pumps, which distribute Na+ and K+ ions equally 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C

Question 10

Second messengers can

Accepted Answer

A)  be synthesized in response to activation of metabotropic receptors. 
B)  influence metabolic activities of the cell. 
C)  induce IPSPs or EPSPs. 
D)  bind to DNA to influence protein synthesis. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  be synthesized in response to activation of metabotropic receptors. 
B)  influence metabolic activities of the cell. 
C)  induce IPSPs or EPSPs. 
D)  bind to DNA to influence protein synthesis. 
E)  all of the above

Question 11

According to the theory of Hodgkin and Huxley,

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ ions continuously leak out of a resting neuron. 
B)  Na+ ions are continuously pumped into a resting neuron. 
C)  K+ ions continuously leak out of a resting neuron. 
D)  K+ ions are continuously pumped out of a resting neuron. 
E)  both A and B 
A)  Na+ ions continuously leak out of a resting neuron. 
B)  Na+ ions are continuously pumped into a resting neuron. 
C)  K+ ions continuously leak out of a resting neuron. 
D)  K+ ions are continuously pumped out of a resting neuron. 
E)  both A and B

Question 12

Which of the following is synthesized directly from tyrosine?

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  L-DOPA 
D)  serotonin 
E)  GABA 
A)  dopamine 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  L-DOPA 
D)  serotonin 
E)  GABA

Question 13

The enzyme that deactivates acetylcholine after it has been released into the synapse is __________.

Accepted Answer

acetylchol

Question 14

Peptide neurotransmitters are

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesized in the cell body. 
B)  amino acid chains. 
C)  large-molecule neurotransmitters. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C 
A)  synthesized in the cell body. 
B)  amino acid chains. 
C)  large-molecule neurotransmitters. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C

Question 15

In order to record a membrane potential, the tip of a __________ must be inserted inside the cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to record a membrane potential,...

Question 16

Actions potentials are generated on the axon initial segment adjacent to the __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Actions potentials are generated on the axon...

Question 17

Axodendritic synapses

Accepted Answer

A)  are rare. 
B)  often terminate on the axon hillock. 
C)  always terminate on dendrites. 
D)  sometimes terminate on cell bodies. 
E)  A and C 
A)  are rare. 
B)  often terminate on the axon hillock. 
C)  always terminate on dendrites. 
D)  sometimes terminate on cell bodies. 
E)  A and C

Question 18

__________ are sometimes called electrical synapses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ are sometimes called electrical synapses....

Question 19

During an action potential, the change in membrane potential associated with the influx of sodium ions triggers the

Accepted Answer

A)  opening of sodium channels. 
B)  closing of chloride channels. 
C)  opening of chloride channels. 
D)  closing of potassium channels. 
E)  opening of potassium channels. 
A)  opening of sodium channels. 
B)  closing of chloride channels. 
C)  opening of chloride channels. 
D)  closing of potassium channels. 
E)  opening of potassium channels.

Question 20

Many effective antischizophrenic drugs

Accepted Answer

A)  also are effective against Parkinson's disease. 
B)  are D? agonists. 
C)  are D? blockers. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C 
A)  also are effective against Parkinson's disease. 
B)  are D? agonists. 
C)  are D? blockers. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C

Both presynaptic facilitation and inhibition are mediated by

Once released, neurotransmitter molecules typically produce signals in postsynaptic neurons by

Vesicles travel from the cell body to the buttons

There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic degradation; this neurotransmitter is

At rest,

Drugs that facilitate the activity of the synapses of a particular neurotransmitter are said to be __________ of that neurotransmitter.

Action potentials are produced by the

Botox is

Which of the following is a passive force that acts to encourage Na+ ions to enter resting neurons?

Second messengers can

According to the theory of Hodgkin and Huxley,

Which of the following is synthesized directly from tyrosine?

The enzyme that deactivates acetylcholine after it has been released into the synapse is __________.

Peptide neurotransmitters are

In order to record a membrane potential, the tip of a __________ must be inserted inside the cell.

Actions potentials are generated on the axon initial segment adjacent to the __________.

Axodendritic synapses

__________ are sometimes called electrical synapses.

During an action potential, the change in membrane potential associated with the influx of sodium ions triggers the

Many effective antischizophrenic drugs

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters

Exam 4: Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

Both presynaptic facilitation and inhibition are mediated by

Once released, neurotransmitter molecules typically produce signals in postsynaptic neurons by

Vesicles travel from the cell body to the buttons

There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic degradation; this neurotransmitter is

At rest,

Drugs that facilitate the activity of the synapses of a particular neurotransmitter are said to be __________ of that neurotransmitter.

Action potentials are produced by the

Botox is

Which of the following is a passive force that acts to encourage Na+ ions to enter resting neurons?

Second messengers can

According to the theory of Hodgkin and Huxley,

Which of the following is synthesized directly from tyrosine?

The enzyme that deactivates acetylcholine after it has been released into the synapse is __________.

Peptide neurotransmitters are

In order to record a membrane potential, the tip of a __________ must be inserted inside the cell.

Actions potentials are generated on the axon initial segment adjacent to the __________.

Axodendritic synapses

__________ are sometimes called electrical synapses.

During an action potential, the change in membrane potential associated with the influx of sodium ions triggers the

Many effective antischizophrenic drugs

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters