Question 1

Contributing to the unequal distribution of ions on either side of a resting neural membrane

Accepted Answer

A)  is random ion movement. 
B)  are electrostatic gradients. 
C)  are sodium-potassium pumps. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both B and C 
A)  is random ion movement. 
B)  are electrostatic gradients. 
C)  are sodium-potassium pumps. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both B and C

Question 2

Outside the membranes of resting neurons, there are many more

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibitory neurotransmitters. 
B)  neurotransmitters. 
C)  Na+ ions. 
D)  K+ ions. 
E)  nuclei. 
A)  inhibitory neurotransmitters. 
B)  neurotransmitters. 
C)  Na+ ions. 
D)  K+ ions. 
E)  nuclei.

Question 3

Metabotropic receptors are associated with signal proteins in the cell membrane of the postsynaptic neuron and with __________ that are attached to the signal protein inside the neuron.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Metabotropic receptors are associated with signal proteins...

Question 4

Describe and explain how four ionic events contribute to the typical action potential-to help organize your answer label the four arrows in this illustration with the associated ionic event.

Accepted Answer

50% for correctly labeling the

Question 5

The first event in the generation of an action potential is the opening of __________- activated sodium channels.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first event in the generation of...

Question 6

Drugs that degrade vesicles and cause the neurotransmitter molecules to leak into the cytoplasm, where they are destroyed by enzymes, are

Accepted Answer

A)  receptor blockers. 
B)  agonists of the neurotransmitter. 
C)  antagonists of the neurotransmitter. 
D)  autoreceptor blockers. 
E)  amino acids. 
A)  receptor blockers. 
B)  agonists of the neurotransmitter. 
C)  antagonists of the neurotransmitter. 
D)  autoreceptor blockers. 
E)  amino acids.

Question 7

The most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain is __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter in the...

Question 8

Glycine, aspartate, and glutamate are

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acid neurotransmitters. 
B)  small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
C)  transmitters at fast-acting, directed synapses. 
D)  building blocks of proteins. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  amino acid neurotransmitters. 
B)  small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
C)  transmitters at fast-acting, directed synapses. 
D)  building blocks of proteins. 
E)  all of the above

Question 9

A neuron normally fires when

Accepted Answer

A)  its sodium-potassium pumps are stimulated. 
B)  there is an EPSP. 
C)  there is an IPSP. 
D)  the degree of depolarization on the axon adjacent to the hillock exceeds the threshold of excitation. 
E)  its buttons are stimulated. 
A)  its sodium-potassium pumps are stimulated. 
B)  there is an EPSP. 
C)  there is an IPSP. 
D)  the degree of depolarization on the axon adjacent to the hillock exceeds the threshold of excitation. 
E)  its buttons are stimulated.

Question 10

Recent technological developments have led to the discovery of __________ throughout the mammalian brain; they seem to link the activities of inhibitory interneurons of the same type.

Accepted Answer

A)  neuropeptides 
B)  gap junctions 
C)  multipolar neurons 
D)  chemical synapses 
E)  G-proteins 
A)  neuropeptides 
B)  gap junctions 
C)  multipolar neurons 
D)  chemical synapses 
E)  G-proteins

Question 11

Many buttons contain two sizes of vesicles; the larger ones typically contain

Accepted Answer

A)  small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
B)  neuropeptides. 
C)  acetylcholine. 
D)  dopamine. 
E)  glutamate. 
A)  small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
B)  neuropeptides. 
C)  acetylcholine. 
D)  dopamine. 
E)  glutamate.

Question 12

Many neurons contain and release two neurotransmitters. This situation is called

Accepted Answer

A)  covalence. 
B)  ionotropism. 
C)  cohabitation. 
D)  metabotropism. 
E)  coexistence. 
A)  covalence. 
B)  ionotropism. 
C)  cohabitation. 
D)  metabotropism. 
E)  coexistence.

Question 13

This drug is a muscarinic acetylcholine antagonist; it is an extract of the belladonna plant; and it has pupil-dilating effects:

Accepted Answer

A)  atropine. 
B)  curare. 
C)  morphine. 
D)  opium. 
E)  Librium. 
A)  atropine. 
B)  curare. 
C)  morphine. 
D)  opium. 
E)  Librium.

Question 14

Peptide neurotransmitters (i.e., neuropeptides) are synthesized in the cell body and

Accepted Answer

A)  stored in the Golgi complex until they are broken down. 
B)  released by the Golgi complex into the synapse. 
C)  transported in vesicles along microtubules to the buttons. 
D)  stored in ribosomes with small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
E)  transported along the axons to the nodes of Ranvier. 
A)  stored in the Golgi complex until they are broken down. 
B)  released by the Golgi complex into the synapse. 
C)  transported in vesicles along microtubules to the buttons. 
D)  stored in ribosomes with small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
E)  transported along the axons to the nodes of Ranvier.

Question 15

Drugs that increase the activity of a particular neurotransmitter are said to be __________ of that neurotransmitter.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Drugs that increase the activity of a...

Question 16

Which of the following is not found in neurons that release norepinephrine?

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine 
B)  L-DOPA 
C)  norepinephrine 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  tyrosine 
A)  dopamine 
B)  L-DOPA 
C)  norepinephrine 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  tyrosine

Question 17

The wave of absolute refractoriness that follows an action potential

Accepted Answer

A)  keeps the action potential from spreading actively back along an axon towards the cell body. 
B)  increases the firing rate. 
C)  increases the speed of axonal transmission. 
D)  produces a second, negative action potential. 
E)  produces saltatory conduction. 
A)  keeps the action potential from spreading actively back along an axon towards the cell body. 
B)  increases the firing rate. 
C)  increases the speed of axonal transmission. 
D)  produces a second, negative action potential. 
E)  produces saltatory conduction.

Question 18

About how many neuropeptides are currently classified by most experts as neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  9 
D)  just over 100 
E)  almost 3,000 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  9 
D)  just over 100 
E)  almost 3,000

Question 19

The drug, __________ , is a muscarinic antagonist and pupil dilator.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The drug, __________ , is a muscarinic...

Question 20

Salts in solution separate into positively and negatively charged

Accepted Answer

A)  membrane potentials. 
B)  EPSPs. 
C)  IPSPs. 
D)  ions. 
E)  crystals. 
A)  membrane potentials. 
B)  EPSPs. 
C)  IPSPs. 
D)  ions. 
E)  crystals.

Contributing to the unequal distribution of ions on either side of a resting neural membrane

Outside the membranes of resting neurons, there are many more

Metabotropic receptors are associated with signal proteins in the cell membrane of the postsynaptic neuron and with __________ that are attached to the signal protein inside the neuron.

Describe and explain how four ionic events contribute to the typical action potential-to help organize your answer label the four arrows in this illustration with the associated ionic event.

The first event in the generation of an action potential is the opening of __________- activated sodium channels.

Drugs that degrade vesicles and cause the neurotransmitter molecules to leak into the cytoplasm, where they are destroyed by enzymes, are

The most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain is __________.

Glycine, aspartate, and glutamate are

A neuron normally fires when

Recent technological developments have led to the discovery of __________ throughout the mammalian brain; they seem to link the activities of inhibitory interneurons of the same type.

Many buttons contain two sizes of vesicles; the larger ones typically contain

Many neurons contain and release two neurotransmitters. This situation is called

This drug is a muscarinic acetylcholine antagonist; it is an extract of the belladonna plant; and it has pupil-dilating effects:

Peptide neurotransmitters (i.e., neuropeptides) are synthesized in the cell body and

Drugs that increase the activity of a particular neurotransmitter are said to be __________ of that neurotransmitter.

Which of the following is not found in neurons that release norepinephrine?

The wave of absolute refractoriness that follows an action potential

About how many neuropeptides are currently classified by most experts as neurotransmitters?

The drug, __________ , is a muscarinic antagonist and pupil dilator.

Salts in solution separate into positively and negatively charged

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters

Exam 4: Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

Contributing to the unequal distribution of ions on either side of a resting neural membrane

Outside the membranes of resting neurons, there are many more

Metabotropic receptors are associated with signal proteins in the cell membrane of the postsynaptic neuron and with __________ that are attached to the signal protein inside the neuron.

Describe and explain how four ionic events contribute to the typical action potential-to help organize your answer label the four arrows in this illustration with the associated ionic event.

The first event in the generation of an action potential is the opening of __________- activated sodium channels.

Drugs that degrade vesicles and cause the neurotransmitter molecules to leak into the cytoplasm, where they are destroyed by enzymes, are

The most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain is __________.

Glycine, aspartate, and glutamate are

A neuron normally fires when

Recent technological developments have led to the discovery of __________ throughout the mammalian brain; they seem to link the activities of inhibitory interneurons of the same type.

Many buttons contain two sizes of vesicles; the larger ones typically contain

Many neurons contain and release two neurotransmitters. This situation is called

This drug is a muscarinic acetylcholine antagonist; it is an extract of the belladonna plant; and it has pupil-dilating effects:

Peptide neurotransmitters (i.e., neuropeptides) are synthesized in the cell body and

Drugs that increase the activity of a particular neurotransmitter are said to be __________ of that neurotransmitter.

Which of the following is not found in neurons that release norepinephrine?

The wave of absolute refractoriness that follows an action potential

About how many neuropeptides are currently classified by most experts as neurotransmitters?

The drug, __________ , is a muscarinic antagonist and pupil dilator.

Salts in solution separate into positively and negatively charged

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters