Question 1

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of   F.

Accepted Answer

A)    Na 
B)    F 
C)    N 
D)    O 
E)    Ne 
A)    Na 
B)    F 
C)    N 
D)    O 
E)    Ne

Question 2

Describe what changes occur during gamma ray emission.

Accepted Answer

A)  The mass number and atomic number decrease. 
B)  The mass number and atomic number increase. 
C)  The mass number is unchanged and the atomic number decreases. 
D)  The mass number increases and the atomic number decreases. 
E)  The mass number and atomic number do not change. 
A)  The mass number and atomic number decrease. 
B)  The mass number and atomic number increase. 
C)  The mass number is unchanged and the atomic number decreases. 
D)  The mass number increases and the atomic number decreases. 
E)  The mass number and atomic number do not change.

Question 3

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of   N.

Accepted Answer

A)    O 
B)    C 
C)    O 
D)    B 
E)    F 
A)    O 
B)    C 
C)    O 
D)    B 
E)    F

Question 4

Fluorine-18 undergoes positron emission with a half-life of 1.10 × 102 minutes.If a patient is given a 248 mg dose for a PET scan,how long will it take for the amount of fluorine-18 to drop to 83 mg? (Assume that none of the fluorine is excreted from the body.)

Accepted Answer

A)  99 minutes 
B)  1.74 × 102 minutes 
C)  1.32 × 102 minutes 
D)  3.00 × 102 minutes 
E)  2.11 × 102 minutes 
A)  99 minutes 
B)  1.74 × 102 minutes 
C)  1.32 × 102 minutes 
D)  3.00 × 102 minutes 
E)  2.11 × 102 minutes

Question 5

Define mass defect.

Accepted Answer

A)  the difference in mass between an atom and the sum of its separate components 
B)  an atom with too many neutrons 
C)  the difference in mass between a radioactive atom and a nonradioactive atom 
D)  energy released in a radioactive reaction 
E)  energy absorbed in a radioactive reaction 
A)  the difference in mass between an atom and the sum of its separate components 
B)  an atom with too many neutrons 
C)  the difference in mass between a radioactive atom and a nonradioactive atom 
D)  energy released in a radioactive reaction 
E)  energy absorbed in a radioactive reaction

Question 6

In a linear accelerator,

Accepted Answer

A)  an uncharged particle is accelerated in an evacuated tube. 
B)  a similarly alternating voltage is used to accelerate a charged particle. 
C)  a charged particle is accelerated in an evacuated tube. 
D)  a single phase voltage is used to accelerate a charged particle. 
E)  a similarly alternating voltage is used to accelerate an uncharged particle. 
A)  an uncharged particle is accelerated in an evacuated tube. 
B)  a similarly alternating voltage is used to accelerate a charged particle. 
C)  a charged particle is accelerated in an evacuated tube. 
D)  a single phase voltage is used to accelerate a charged particle. 
E)  a similarly alternating voltage is used to accelerate an uncharged particle.

Question 7

Write a nuclear equation to describe the neutron induced fission of U-235 to form Xe-134 and Sr-100.Determine how many neutrons are produced in the reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  3 
C)  1 
D)  0 
E)  2 
A)  4 
B)  3 
C)  1 
D)  0 
E)  2

Question 8

Identify a positron.

Accepted Answer

A)    n 
B)    n 
C)    e 
D)    e 
E)    γ 
A)    n 
B)    n 
C)    e 
D)    e 
E)    γ

Question 9

Identify the instrument(s)used to detect radiation.

Accepted Answer

A)  film-badge dosimeter 
B)  Geiger-Muller counter 
C)  scintillation counter 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  film-badge dosimeter 
B)  Geiger-Muller counter 
C)  scintillation counter 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 10

Write a nuclear equation to describe the neutron induced fission of   Pu to form   Kr and   Ce.Determine how many neutrons are produced in the reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  0 
C)  3 
D)  1 
E)  4 
A)  2 
B)  0 
C)  3 
D)  1 
E)  4

Question 11

The following reaction represents what nuclear process?   Pb →   e +   Bi

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha emission 
B)  gamma capture 
C)  electron capture 
D)  proton capture 
E)  beta emission 
A)  alpha emission 
B)  gamma capture 
C)  electron capture 
D)  proton capture 
E)  beta emission

Question 12

Which nuclide below is most likely to decay by electron capture?

Accepted Answer

A)    Re 
B)    Re 
C)    Re 
D)    Re 
A)    Re 
B)    Re 
C)    Re 
D)    Re

Question 13

Which of the following nuclides are most likely to decay via positron emission?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na-26 
B)  I-121 
C)  Ca-42 
D)  S-30 
E)  Sb-122 
A)  Na-26 
B)  I-121 
C)  Ca-42 
D)  S-30 
E)  Sb-122

Question 14

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by   Pa.

Accepted Answer

A)    Th 
B)    Np 
C)    Ac 
D)    U 
E)    Th 
A)    Th 
B)    Np 
C)    Ac 
D)    U 
E)    Th

Question 15

Define radioactivity.

Accepted Answer

Radioactivity is the emission

Question 16

The half-life of cobalt-60 is 5.20 yr.How many milligrams of a 2.000-mg sample remain after 6.55 years?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.837 
B)  3.23 × 10-15 
C)  4.779 
D)  1.588 
E)  1.163 
A)  0.837 
B)  3.23 × 10-15 
C)  4.779 
D)  1.588 
E)  1.163

Question 17

Identify the highest natural radiation.

Accepted Answer

A)  cosmic radiation from outer space 
B)  terrestrial radiation 
C)  natural radionuclides in the body 
D)  a five-hour jet airplane ride 
E)  radon gas 
A)  cosmic radiation from outer space 
B)  terrestrial radiation 
C)  natural radionuclides in the body 
D)  a five-hour jet airplane ride 
E)  radon gas

Question 18

Identify the part of the body that can be studied with radiotracers.

Accepted Answer

A)  spleen 
B)  brain 
C)  heart 
D)  tumors 
E)  all of the above 
A)  spleen 
B)  brain 
C)  heart 
D)  tumors 
E)  all of the above

Question 19

Carbon-11 is used in medical imaging.The half-life of this radioisotope is 20.4 min.What percentage of a sample remains after 60.0 min?

Accepted Answer

A)  71.2 
B)  5.28 
C)  13.0 
D)  34.0 
E)  2.94 
A)  71.2 
B)  5.28 
C)  13.0 
D)  34.0 
E)  2.94

Question 20

Identify the following diagnostic procedure that gives the highest dose of radiation.

Accepted Answer

A)  dental x-ray - two bitewings 
B)  upper gastrointestinal tract x-ray 
C)  barium enema x-ray 
D)  chest x-ray 
E)  thallium heart scan 
A)  dental x-ray - two bitewings 
B)  upper gastrointestinal tract x-ray 
C)  barium enema x-ray 
D)  chest x-ray 
E)  thallium heart scan

Exam 20: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of F.

Describe what changes occur during gamma ray emission.

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of N.

Fluorine-18 undergoes positron emission with a half-life of 1.10 × 102 minutes.If a patient is given a 248 mg dose for a PET scan,how long will it take for the amount of fluorine-18 to drop to 83 mg? (Assume that none of the fluorine is excreted from the body.)

Define mass defect.

In a linear accelerator,

Write a nuclear equation to describe the neutron induced fission of U-235 to form Xe-134 and Sr-100.Determine how many neutrons are produced in the reaction.

Identify a positron.

Identify the instrument(s)used to detect radiation.

Write a nuclear equation to describe the neutron induced fission of Pu to form Kr and Ce.Determine how many neutrons are produced in the reaction.

The following reaction represents what nuclear process? Pb → e + Bi

Which nuclide below is most likely to decay by electron capture?

Which of the following nuclides are most likely to decay via positron emission?

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the electron capture by Pa.

Define radioactivity.

The half-life of cobalt-60 is 5.20 yr.How many milligrams of a 2.000-mg sample remain after 6.55 years?

Identify the highest natural radiation.

Identify the part of the body that can be studied with radiotracers.

Carbon-11 is used in medical imaging.The half-life of this radioisotope is 20.4 min.What percentage of a sample remains after 60.0 min?

Identify the following diagnostic procedure that gives the highest dose of radiation.

Matter, measurement, and Problem Solving

Atoms and Elements

Molecules,compounds,and Chemical Equations

Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions

Gases

Thermochemistry

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Chemical Bonding I: Lewis Theory

Chemical Bonding Ii: Molecular Shapes,valence Bond Theory,

Liquids,solids,and Intermolecular Forces

Solids and Modern Materials

Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium

Free Energy and Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Organic Chemistry

Biochemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Metals and Metallurgy

Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds

Filters

Fluorine-18 undergoes positron emission with a half-life of 1.10 × 10² minutes.If a patient is given a 248 mg dose for a PET scan,how long will it take for the amount of fluorine-18 to drop to 83 mg? (Assume that none of the fluorine is excreted from the body.)