Question 1

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of   O.

Accepted Answer

A)    C 
B)    F 
C)    N 
D)    N 
E)    C 
A)    C 
B)    F 
C)    N 
D)    N 
E)    C C

Question 2

Identify the radioactive element that is so radioactive that it glows visibly and emits heat.

Accepted Answer

A)  radium 
B)  xenon 
C)  curium 
D)  radon 
E)  cesium 
A)  radium 
B)  xenon 
C)  curium 
D)  radon 
E)  cesium A

Question 3

Calculate the mass defect in Fe-56 if the mass of an Fe-56 nucleus is 55.921 amu.The mass of a proton is 1.00728 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.528 amu 
B)  3.507 amu 
C)  0.564 amu 
D)  1.056 amu 
E)  0.079 amu 
A)  0.528 amu 
B)  3.507 amu 
C)  0.564 amu 
D)  1.056 amu 
E)  0.079 amu A

Question 4

Strontium-90 is a byproduct in nuclear reactors fueled by the radioisotope uranium-235.The half-life of strontium-90 is 28.8 yr.What percentage of a strontium-90 sample remains after 75.0 yr?

Accepted Answer

A)  68.1 
B)  16.5 
C)  7.40 
D)  38.4 
E)  2.60 
A)  68.1 
B)  16.5 
C)  7.40 
D)  38.4 
E)  2.60

Question 5

Which particle changes the mass of the isotope the most?

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha particle 
B)  neutron particle 
C)  gamma capture 
D)  positron emission 
E)  electron capture 
A)  alpha particle 
B)  neutron particle 
C)  gamma capture 
D)  positron emission 
E)  electron capture

Question 6

Potassium-40 decays to argon-40 with a half-life of 1.27 × 109 yr.The age of a mineral sample that has a mass ratio of 40Ar to 40K of 0.812 is ________ yr.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.56 × 109 
B)  1.02 × 109 
C)  1.47 × 109 
D)  7.55 × 108 
E)  1.09 × 109 
A)  1.56 × 109 
B)  1.02 × 109 
C)  1.47 × 109 
D)  7.55 × 108 
E)  1.09 × 109

Question 7

Explain the concept of "magic numbers."

Accepted Answer

They are even number

Question 8

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the beta decay of   Sr.

Accepted Answer

A)    Sr 
B)    Y 
C)    Y 
D)    Kr 
E)    Se 
A)    Sr 
B)    Y 
C)    Y 
D)    Kr 
E)    Se

Question 9

The radioactive decay of ________ is the single greatest source of human exposure to radiation.

Accepted Answer

A)  radon 
B)  uranium 
C)  ozone 
D)  hydrogen 
E)  thorium 
A)  radon 
B)  uranium 
C)  ozone 
D)  hydrogen 
E)  thorium

Question 10

Give the maximum age that can be estimated from radiocarbon dating.

Accepted Answer

A)  90,000 years. 
B)  1,000,000 years 
C)  50,000 years. 
D)  4,000 years. 
E)  10,000 years 
A)  90,000 years. 
B)  1,000,000 years 
C)  50,000 years. 
D)  4,000 years. 
E)  10,000 years

Question 11

the atomic bomb has the power of ________ tons of dynamite.

Accepted Answer

A)  18.,000 
B)  22,000 
C)  50,000 
D)  10,000 
E)  15,000 
A)  18.,000 
B)  22,000 
C)  50,000 
D)  10,000 
E)  15,000

Question 12

If we start with 1.000 g of cobalt-60,0.675 g will remain after 3.00 yr.This means that the half-life of cobalt-60 is ________ yr.

Accepted Answer

A)  3.08 
B)  4.44 
C)  2.03 
D)  5.30 
E)  7.65 
A)  3.08 
B)  4.44 
C)  2.03 
D)  5.30 
E)  7.65

Question 13

Determine the half-life of a nuclide that loses 38.0% of its mass in 407 hours.

Accepted Answer

A)  204 hours 
B)  568 hour 
C)  590 hours 
D)  281 hours 
E)  291 hours 
A)  204 hours 
B)  568 hour 
C)  590 hours 
D)  281 hours 
E)  291 hours

Question 14

Which of the following nuclides are most likely to decay via beta decay?

Accepted Answer

A)  I-131 
B)  Ar-40 
C)  F-18 
D)  Zr-90 
E)  Pb-206 
A)  I-131 
B)  Ar-40 
C)  F-18 
D)  Zr-90 
E)  Pb-206

Question 15

A geological sample is found to have a Pb-206/U-238 mass ratio of 0.337/1.00.Assuming there was no Pb-206 present when the sample was formed,how old is it? The half-life of U-238 is 4.5 × 109 years.

Accepted Answer

A)  7.3 × 1011 years 
B)  1.4 × 1010 years 
C)  2.4 × 1010 years 
D)  2.1 × 109 years 
E)  7.1 × 109 years 
A)  7.3 × 1011 years 
B)  1.4 × 1010 years 
C)  2.4 × 1010 years 
D)  2.1 × 109 years 
E)  7.1 × 109 years

Question 16

Identify the elements used in radiometric dating.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon-14 to nitrogen-14 
B)  uranium-238 to lead-206 
C)  potassium-40 to argon-40 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  carbon-14 to nitrogen-14 
B)  uranium-238 to lead-206 
C)  potassium-40 to argon-40 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 17

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of   C.

Accepted Answer

A)    B 
B)    N 
C)    C 
D)    B 
E)    N 
A)    B 
B)    N 
C)    C 
D)    B 
E)    N

Question 18

Which of the following elements would be expected to be particularly stable?

Accepted Answer

A)    C 
B)    B 
C)    Be 
D)    Li 
A)    C 
B)    B 
C)    Be 
D)    Li

Question 19

Calculate the mass defect in Ni-59 if the mass of a Ni-59 nucleus is 58.69344 amu.The mass of a proton is 1.00728 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.232 amu 
B)  0.779 amu 
C)  0.230 amu 
D)  0.775 amu 
E)  0.221 amu 
A)  0.232 amu 
B)  0.779 amu 
C)  0.230 amu 
D)  0.775 amu 
E)  0.221 amu

Question 20

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the alpha decay of   Th.

Accepted Answer

A)    U 
B)    Pa 
C)    Ra 
D)    Ac 
E)    Th 
A)    U 
B)    Pa 
C)    Ra 
D)    Ac 
E)    Th

Exam 20: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of O.

Identify the radioactive element that is so radioactive that it glows visibly and emits heat.

Calculate the mass defect in Fe-56 if the mass of an Fe-56 nucleus is 55.921 amu.The mass of a proton is 1.00728 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.

Strontium-90 is a byproduct in nuclear reactors fueled by the radioisotope uranium-235.The half-life of strontium-90 is 28.8 yr.What percentage of a strontium-90 sample remains after 75.0 yr?

Which particle changes the mass of the isotope the most?

Potassium-40 decays to argon-40 with a half-life of 1.27 × 109 yr.The age of a mineral sample that has a mass ratio of 40Ar to 40K of 0.812 is ________ yr.

Explain the concept of "magic numbers."

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the beta decay of Sr.

The radioactive decay of ________ is the single greatest source of human exposure to radiation.

Give the maximum age that can be estimated from radiocarbon dating.

the atomic bomb has the power of ________ tons of dynamite.

If we start with 1.000 g of cobalt-60,0.675 g will remain after 3.00 yr.This means that the half-life of cobalt-60 is ________ yr.

Determine the half-life of a nuclide that loses 38.0% of its mass in 407 hours.

Which of the following nuclides are most likely to decay via beta decay?

A geological sample is found to have a Pb-206/U-238 mass ratio of 0.337/1.00.Assuming there was no Pb-206 present when the sample was formed,how old is it? The half-life of U-238 is 4.5 × 109 years.

Identify the elements used in radiometric dating.

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the positron emission of C.

Which of the following elements would be expected to be particularly stable?

Calculate the mass defect in Ni-59 if the mass of a Ni-59 nucleus is 58.69344 amu.The mass of a proton is 1.00728 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.

Determine the identity of the daughter nuclide from the alpha decay of Th.

Matter, measurement, and Problem Solving

Atoms and Elements

Molecules,compounds,and Chemical Equations

Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions

Gases

Thermochemistry

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Chemical Bonding I: Lewis Theory

Chemical Bonding Ii: Molecular Shapes,valence Bond Theory,

Liquids,solids,and Intermolecular Forces

Solids and Modern Materials

Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium

Free Energy and Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Organic Chemistry

Biochemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Metals and Metallurgy

Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds

Filters

Potassium-40 decays to argon-40 with a half-life of 1.27 × 10⁹ yr.The age of a mineral sample that has a mass ratio of ⁴⁰Ar to ⁴⁰K of 0.812 is ________ yr.

A geological sample is found to have a Pb-206/U-238 mass ratio of 0.337/1.00.Assuming there was no Pb-206 present when the sample was formed,how old is it? The half-life of U-238 is 4.5 × 10⁹ years.