Exam 4: Economic Efficiency, government Price Setting, and Taxes

Using a supply and demand graph,illustrate the effect of an increase in the federal cigarette tax of $1.00 per pack,where the entire tax burden falls on the consumer.Assume the equilibrium price before the tax is $5.00 per pack and the equilibrium quantity is 30 million packs. After the implementation of the tax,what are the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity?

Figure 4-6 Figure 4-6 shows the demand and supply curves for the coffee market.The government believes that the equilibrium price is too low and tries to help almond growers by setting a price floor at $7.00. -Refer to Figure 4-6.What is the value of the deadweight loss after the imposition of the price floor?

Two economists from Northwestern University estimated the benefit households received from subscribing to broadband Internet service.They found that in 2006,47 million consumers paid an average of $36 per month to subscribe to a broadband Internet service,and estimated the value of total consumer surplus for these subscribers was equal to $890.5 million.Based on these numbers,what was the average monthly consumer surplus per subscriber for broadband Internet service?

Table 4-4 Table 4-4 above contains information about the wheat market.Answer the following questions based on this table. -Refer to Table 4-4.An agricultural price floor is a price that the government guarantees farmers will receive for a particular crop.Suppose the federal government sets a price floor for wheat at $21 per bushel. a.What is the amount of shortage or surplus in the wheat market as result of the price floor? b.If the government agrees to purchase any surplus output at $21,how much will it cost the government? c.If the government buys all of the farmers' output at the floor price,how many bushels of wheat will it have to purchase and how much will it cost the government? d.Suppose the government buys up all of the farmers' output at the floor price and then sells the output to consumers at whatever price it can get.Under this scheme,what is the price at which the government will be able to sell off all of the output it had purchased from farmers? What is the revenue received from the government's sale? e.In this problem we have considered two government schemes: (1)a price floor is established and the government purchases any excess output and (2)the government buys all the farmers' output at the floor price and resells at whatever price it can get.Which scheme will taxpayers prefer? f.Consider again the two schemes.Which scheme will the farmers prefer? g.Consider again the two schemes.Which scheme will wheat buyers prefer?

The area above the market supply curve and below the market price is equal to the

Table 4-1 -Refer to Table 4-1.The table above lists the highest prices three consumers,Curly,Moe,and Larry,are willing to pay for a bottle of champagne.If the price of the champagne falls from $24 to $14

Figure 4-9 Figure 4-9 shows the market for cigarettes.The government plans to impose a unit tax in this market. -Refer to Figure 4-9.How much of the tax is paid by producers?

Figure 4-5 Figure 4-5 shows the market for apartments in Bay City.Recently,the government imposed a rent ceiling at R₀. -Refer to Figure 4-5.What is the area that represents consumer surplus after the imposition of the ceiling?

Figure 4-3 Figure 4-3 shows the market for granola.The market is initially in equilibrium at a price of P₁ and a quantity of Q₁.Now suppose producers decide to cut output to Q₂ in order to raise the price to P₂. -Refer to Figure 4-3.What area represents consumer surplus at P₂?

The additional cost to a firm of producing one more unit of a good or service is equal to producer surplus.

Which of the following is a result of government price controls?

Which of the following statements best describes the concept of consumer surplus?

Figure 4-4 -Refer to Figure 4-4.The figure above represents the market for iced tea.Assume that this is a competitive market.If 20,000 units of iced tea are sold

To affect the market outcome,a price floor

Employers withhold several taxes from employees ' paychecks,one of which is FICA.Congress requires employers to pay half of the FICA tax and workers to pay the other half.Does this mean that the burden of the FICA tax falls evenly on employers and employees? Briefly explain.

A supply curve shows

Consumer surplus in a market for a product would be equal to the area under the demand curve if

Using a supply and demand graph,illustrate the market for rent-controlled apartments with the following data: Equilibrium rent without rent control: $1,500 Rent with rent control: $700 Quantity of apartments demanded with rent control: 50,000 Quantity of apartments supplied with rent control: 20,000 What is the value of the initial shortage of apartments with rent control? Now assume rent control leads to a reduction in the supply of apartments,and the new quantity supplied is now 15,000.Illustrate this on your graph. What is the value of the shortage of apartments following the decrease in supply?

Table 4-5 -Refer to Table 4-5.The equations above describe the demand and supply for Aunt Maud's Premium Hand Lotion.The equilibrium price and quantity for Aunt Maud's lotion are $20 and 30 thousand units.What is the value of producer surplus?

A consumer is willing to purchase a product up to the point where