Question 1

If the child has a nasal rustle on s/z, but not on any other sounds, what is the probable cause?

Accepted Answer

A) Compensatory productions 
B) Obligatory productions 
C) Lateral lisp 
D) Frontal lisp 
E) Phoneme-specific nasal emission 
A) Compensatory productions 
B) Obligatory productions 
C) Lateral lisp 
D) Frontal lisp 
E) Phoneme-specific nasal emission E

Question 2

Surgery is never indicated for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Velopharyngeal insufficiency 
B) Velopharyngeal incompetence 
C) Velopharyngeal mislearning 
D) A symptomatic fistula 
E) An occult submucous cleft 
A) Velopharyngeal insufficiency 
B) Velopharyngeal incompetence 
C) Velopharyngeal mislearning 
D) A symptomatic fistula 
E) An occult submucous cleft C

Question 3

What is a recommended procedure to elicit speech in a child that is reticent?

Accepted Answer

A) Have the child repeat single words rather than sentences 
B) Ask the child to name pictures 
C) Ask open-ended questions 
D) Ask either/or questions 
E) Wait for the child to talk spontaneously 
A) Have the child repeat single words rather than sentences 
B) Ask the child to name pictures 
C) Ask open-ended questions 
D) Ask either/or questions 
E) Wait for the child to talk spontaneously D

Question 4

To an inexperienced listener, a pharyngeal fricative can sound similar to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Lateral lisp 
B) Frontal lisp 
C) Palatal-dorsal production 
D) Bilabial fricative 
E) Labiodental fricative 
A) Lateral lisp 
B) Frontal lisp 
C) Palatal-dorsal production 
D) Bilabial fricative 
E) Labiodental fricative

Question 5

Which series of numbers is best to use when testing for nasal emission?

Accepted Answer

A) 50s 
B) 60s 
C) 70s 
D) 80s 
E) 90s 
A) 50s 
B) 60s 
C) 70s 
D) 80s 
E) 90s

Question 6

What is the appropriate recommendation for treatment of compensatory productions?

Accepted Answer

A) Surgery and then speech therapy 
B) Surgery only 
C) Speech therapy for obligatory distortions first 
D) Speech therapy and then surgery 
E) Speech therapy only 
A) Surgery and then speech therapy 
B) Surgery only 
C) Speech therapy for obligatory distortions first 
D) Speech therapy and then surgery 
E) Speech therapy only

Question 7

Which series of numbers is best to use when testing for hyponasality?

Accepted Answer

A) 50s 
B) 60s 
C) 70s 
D) 80s 
E) 90s 
A) 50s 
B) 60s 
C) 70s 
D) 80s 
E) 90s

Question 8

You examine a child who has a history of unilateral complete cleft lip and palate. He has a fistula just behind the alveolar ridge in the area of the incisive foramen. It appears to be about 7 mm in diameter, but you are not sure if it goes all the way through. You evaluate the child’s speech. Answer the following three questions related to this case:
-If the child demonstrates nasal emission on s/z only, what is the probable cause?

Accepted Answer

A) VPI only 
B) A fistula only 
C) VPI and the fistula 
D) Misarticulation causing nasal emission 
A) VPI only 
B) A fistula only 
C) VPI and the fistula 
D) Misarticulation causing nasal emission

Question 9

What speech production can cause phoneme-specific nasal emission?

Accepted Answer

A) Glottal stop 
B) Pharyngeal fricative 
C) Palatal-dorsal production 
D) Pharyngeal plosive 
E) Velar fricative 
A) Glottal stop 
B) Pharyngeal fricative 
C) Palatal-dorsal production 
D) Pharyngeal plosive 
E) Velar fricative

Question 10

Which of the following misarticulations can be co-articulated with the /b/ sound?

Accepted Answer

A) Pharyngeal plosive 
B) Palatal-dorsal 
C) Velar fricative 
D) Glottal stop 
E) Pharyngeal fricative 
A) Pharyngeal plosive 
B) Palatal-dorsal 
C) Velar fricative 
D) Glottal stop 
E) Pharyngeal fricative

Question 11

Which of the following is recommended as the best no-tech procedure for evaluation of nasal air emission?

Accepted Answer

A) Mirror test 
B) Straw test 
C) Air paddle 
D) See-Scape 
E) Feeling the sides of the nose 
A) Mirror test 
B) Straw test 
C) Air paddle 
D) See-Scape 
E) Feeling the sides of the nose

Question 12

If you use the nasal cul-de-sac test and you hear a difference on production of a vowel, this confirms the diagnosis of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypernasality 
B) Hyponasality 
C) Cul-de-sac resonance 
D) Nasal emission 
E) Normal resonance 
A) Hypernasality 
B) Hyponasality 
C) Cul-de-sac resonance 
D) Nasal emission 
E) Normal resonance

Question 13

Which of the following words contains the best consonant for testing nasal emission?

Accepted Answer

A) Shoe 
B) Cheap 
C) Pass 
D) Judge 
E) Bush 
A) Shoe 
B) Cheap 
C) Pass 
D) Judge 
E) Bush

Question 14

What phoneme is best to use when testing for hypernasality?

Accepted Answer

A) /m/ 
B) /p/ 
C) /b/ 
D) /n/ 
E) /ɑ/ 
A) /m/ 
B) /p/ 
C) /b/ 
D) /n/ 
E) /ɑ/

Question 15

Which of the following is not an effective way for assessing hypernasality, nasal emission, and velopharyngeal function?

Accepted Answer

A) A straw 
B) Listening tube 
C) Manometer 
D) Stethoscope 
E) All of the above 
A) A straw 
B) Listening tube 
C) Manometer 
D) Stethoscope 
E) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following has a significant effect on utterance length?

Accepted Answer

A) Range of motion of the oral structures 
B) Pharyngeal fricatives 
C) Nasal emission 
D) Weak consonants 
E) Hypernasal resonance 
A) Range of motion of the oral structures 
B) Pharyngeal fricatives 
C) Nasal emission 
D) Weak consonants 
E) Hypernasal resonance

Question 17

Phoneme specific hypernasality will most likely occur in which of the following words?

Accepted Answer

A) Heat 
B) Cat 
C) Sit 
D) Pay 
E) Met 
A) Heat 
B) Cat 
C) Sit 
D) Pay 
E) Met

Question 18

You examine a child who has a history of unilateral complete cleft lip and palate. He has a fistula just behind the alveolar ridge in the area of the incisive foramen. It appears to be about 7 mm in diameter, but you are not sure if it goes all the way through. You evaluate the child’s speech. Answer the following three questions related to this case:
-If the child demonstrates nasal emission on /p/ and /t/, but not on /k/, what is the probable cause?

Accepted Answer

A) VPI only 
B) The fistula only 
C) VPI and the fistula 
D) Misarticulation causing nasal emission 
A) VPI only 
B) The fistula only 
C) VPI and the fistula 
D) Misarticulation causing nasal emission

Question 19

What is the appropriate recommendation for treatment of velopharyngeal mislearning?

Accepted Answer

A) Surgery and then speech therapy 
B) Surgery only 
C) Speech therapy for obligatory distortions 
D) Speech therapy and then surgery 
E) Speech therapy only 
A) Surgery and then speech therapy 
B) Surgery only 
C) Speech therapy for obligatory distortions 
D) Speech therapy and then surgery 
E) Speech therapy only

Question 20

When voiced plosives sound closer to their nasal cognates m/b, n/d, and ŋ/g), what does this suggest?

Accepted Answer

A) Phoneme-specific nasality 
B) A small velopharyngeal opening 
C) Compensatory productions 
D) Obligatory distortions 
E) Hyponasality 
A) Phoneme-specific nasality 
B) A small velopharyngeal opening 
C) Compensatory productions 
D) Obligatory distortions 
E) Hyponasality

Exam 11: Speech and Resonance Assessment

If the child has a nasal rustle on s/z, but not on any other sounds, what is the probable cause?

Surgery is never indicated for which of the following?

What is a recommended procedure to elicit speech in a child that is reticent?

To an inexperienced listener, a pharyngeal fricative can sound similar to which of the following?

Which series of numbers is best to use when testing for nasal emission?

What is the appropriate recommendation for treatment of compensatory productions?

Which series of numbers is best to use when testing for hyponasality?

What speech production can cause phoneme-specific nasal emission?

Which of the following misarticulations can be co-articulated with the /b/ sound?

Which of the following is recommended as the best no-tech procedure for evaluation of nasal air emission?

If you use the nasal cul-de-sac test and you hear a difference on production of a vowel, this confirms the diagnosis of which of the following?

Which of the following words contains the best consonant for testing nasal emission?

What phoneme is best to use when testing for hypernasality?

Which of the following is not an effective way for assessing hypernasality, nasal emission, and velopharyngeal function?

Which of the following has a significant effect on utterance length?

Phoneme specific hypernasality will most likely occur in which of the following words?

What is the appropriate recommendation for treatment of velopharyngeal mislearning?

When voiced plosives sound closer to their nasal cognates m/b, n/d, and ŋ/g), what does this suggest?

Anatomy and Physiology

Clefts of the Lip and Palate

The Genetics Evaluation and Common Craniofacial Syndromes

Genetics and Patterns of Inheritance

Feeding Problems of Infantswith Clefts or Craniofacial Anomalies

Developmental Aspects:speech, Language, and Cognition

Resonance Disorders Andvelopharyngeal Dysfunction Vpd

Facial, Oral and Pharyngeal Anomalies

Dental Anomalies

Psychosocial Aspects Ofcleft Lippalate and Craniofacial Anomalies

Orofacial Examination

Overview of Instrumental Procedures

Nasometry

Speech Aerodynamics

Videofluoroscopy

Nasopharyngoscopy

Surgical Management of Clefts and Velopharyngeal Insufficiencyincompetence VPI

Orthognathic Surgery for Craniofacial Conditions

Prosthetic Management

Speech Therapy

The Team Approach

Cleft Care in Developing Countries

Velopharyngeal Dysfunction and Speech Disorders

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