Question 1

Which procedure measures airway resistance in the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

A) Nasometry 
B) Manometry 
C) Rhinomanometry 
D) Polysomnography 
E) Nasendoscopy 
A) Nasometry 
B) Manometry 
C) Rhinomanometry 
D) Polysomnography 
E) Nasendoscopy C

Question 2

The pressure-flow technique is ideally suited to determine the magnitude of which of the following during speech?

Accepted Answer

A) Air pressure from the lungs 
B) Air pressure from nasal emission 
C) Intraoral air pressure and nasal air emission 
D) Subglottic air pressure 
E) All of the above 
A) Air pressure from the lungs 
B) Air pressure from nasal emission 
C) Intraoral air pressure and nasal air emission 
D) Subglottic air pressure 
E) All of the above C

Question 3

Aerodynamic techniques do not provide information about which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Intraoral air pressure level 
B) Rates of nasal air emission 
C) Estimates of VP orifice size during consonant production 
D) Estimates of VP orifice size during vowel production 
E) Measurements of nasal airway resistance 
A) Intraoral air pressure level 
B) Rates of nasal air emission 
C) Estimates of VP orifice size during consonant production 
D) Estimates of VP orifice size during vowel production 
E) Measurements of nasal airway resistance D

Question 4

Velopharyngeal closure is considered adequate in children if differential oral-nasal air pressure is greater than which of the following during the production of the word "hamper"?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.0 cm H2O 
B) 2.0 cm H2O 
C) 3.0 cm H2O 
D) 4.0 cm H2O 
E) 5.0 cm H2O 
A) 1.0 cm H2O 
B) 2.0 cm H2O 
C) 3.0 cm H2O 
D) 4.0 cm H2O 
E) 5.0 cm H2O

Question 5

To estimate velopharyngeal orifice size, which of the following aerodynamic measures are needed?

Accepted Answer

A) Oral air pressure, nasal air pressure, oral airflow 
B) Oral air pressure, nasal air pressure, nasal airflow 
C) Oral airflow, nasal airflow, oral air pressure 
D) Oral airflow, nasal airflow, nasal air pressure 
E) Oral air pressure, nasal air pressure, differential pressure 
A) Oral air pressure, nasal air pressure, oral airflow 
B) Oral air pressure, nasal air pressure, nasal airflow 
C) Oral airflow, nasal airflow, oral air pressure 
D) Oral airflow, nasal airflow, nasal air pressure 
E) Oral air pressure, nasal air pressure, differential pressure

Question 6

Which of the following causes the rapid displacement of the vocal folds during speech?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypopharyngeal airflow 
B) Subglottic air pressure 
C) Vocal fold vibration 
D) Decrease in air pressure 
E) Phonation 
A) Hypopharyngeal airflow 
B) Subglottic air pressure 
C) Vocal fold vibration 
D) Decrease in air pressure 
E) Phonation

Question 7

Gross velopharyngeal insufficiency during production of "hamper" may be indicated by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Nasal airflow less than 80 ml/s during /m/ 
B) Oral air pressure greater than 3 cm H2O during /p/ 
C) A lack of temporal overlap of the nasal airflow and oral pressure pulses for /m/ and /p/ 
D) An estimated VP orifice area during /p/ that exceeds 20 mm2 
E) Oral air pressure greater than 4 cm H2O during /p/ 
A) Nasal airflow less than 80 ml/s during /m/ 
B) Oral air pressure greater than 3 cm H2O during /p/ 
C) A lack of temporal overlap of the nasal airflow and oral pressure pulses for /m/ and /p/ 
D) An estimated VP orifice area during /p/ that exceeds 20 mm2 
E) Oral air pressure greater than 4 cm H2O during /p/

Question 8

How is the rate of nasal airflow measured?

Accepted Answer

A) mm H2O 
B) cm H2O 
C) L/s 
D) mm/s 
E) cm/s 
A) mm H2O 
B) cm H2O 
C) L/s 
D) mm/s 
E) cm/s

Question 9

What does a pneumotachograph measure?

Accepted Answer

A) Volume of airflow 
B) Rate of airflow 
C) Air pressure 
D) Nasal air resistance 
E) Acoustics of airflow 
A) Volume of airflow 
B) Rate of airflow 
C) Air pressure 
D) Nasal air resistance 
E) Acoustics of airflow

Question 10

What does the orifice equation use to calculate minimal cross-sectional area of the velopharyngeal port?

Accepted Answer

A) Simultaneous measures of the differential pressure across the orifice and rate of airflow 
B) The correction factor h 
C) Differential pressure across the orifice divided by the rate of airflow 
D) The increase in airflow and increase in air pressure across the orifice 
E) The pressure drop across the orifice and increase in oral airflow 
A) Simultaneous measures of the differential pressure across the orifice and rate of airflow 
B) The correction factor h 
C) Differential pressure across the orifice divided by the rate of airflow 
D) The increase in airflow and increase in air pressure across the orifice 
E) The pressure drop across the orifice and increase in oral airflow

Question 11

Why do pressure-flow estimates of orifice size decrease in accuracy when the orifice area exceeds 80 mm2?

Accepted Answer

A) Limitations of the pneumotachograph to record high rates of airflow 
B) Limitations of the transducers to detect small pressure changes 
C) Limitations of the pneumotachograph to record an increase in nasal airflow 
D) Limitations of the transducers to measure an increase in nasal resonance 
E) Limitations of the transducers to detect a decrease in oral airflow 
A) Limitations of the pneumotachograph to record high rates of airflow 
B) Limitations of the transducers to detect small pressure changes 
C) Limitations of the pneumotachograph to record an increase in nasal airflow 
D) Limitations of the transducers to measure an increase in nasal resonance 
E) Limitations of the transducers to detect a decrease in oral airflow

Question 12

Which of the following cannot be determined by aerodynamic methods?

Accepted Answer

A) Timing aspects of velopharyngeal function 
B) Extent of nasal emission 
C) Patency of the nasal airways during breathing 
D) Estimates velopharyngeal orifice size 
E) Severity of hypernasality 
A) Timing aspects of velopharyngeal function 
B) Extent of nasal emission 
C) Patency of the nasal airways during breathing 
D) Estimates velopharyngeal orifice size 
E) Severity of hypernasality

Question 13

Which of the following speech symptoms of velopharyngeal dysfunction is assessed with aerodynamic instrumentation?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypernasality 
B) Hyponasality 
C) Glottal stops 
D) Nasal air emission 
E) a and d 
A) Hypernasality 
B) Hyponasality 
C) Glottal stops 
D) Nasal air emission 
E) a and d

Question 14

Which of the following should always be considered when assessing the status of the nasal airway in children?

Accepted Answer

A) Size of the child 
B) Weight of the child 
C) Age of the child 
D) Opening to the nasal vestibule 
E) History of allergies 
A) Size of the child 
B) Weight of the child 
C) Age of the child 
D) Opening to the nasal vestibule 
E) History of allergies

Question 15

Transducers convert the detected air pressure or flow into which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Electrical signals 
B) A digital format 
C) Static electricity 
D) The aerodynamic equation 
E) Pressure-flow kinematics 
A) Electrical signals 
B) A digital format 
C) Static electricity 
D) The aerodynamic equation 
E) Pressure-flow kinematics

Which procedure measures airway resistance in the nasal cavity?

The pressure-flow technique is ideally suited to determine the magnitude of which of the following during speech?

Aerodynamic techniques do not provide information about which of the following?

Velopharyngeal closure is considered adequate in children if differential oral-nasal air pressure is greater than which of the following during the production of the word "hamper"?

To estimate velopharyngeal orifice size, which of the following aerodynamic measures are needed?

Which of the following causes the rapid displacement of the vocal folds during speech?

Gross velopharyngeal insufficiency during production of "hamper" may be indicated by which of the following?

How is the rate of nasal airflow measured?

What does a pneumotachograph measure?

What does the orifice equation use to calculate minimal cross-sectional area of the velopharyngeal port?

Why do pressure-flow estimates of orifice size decrease in accuracy when the orifice area exceeds 80 mm²?

Which of the following cannot be determined by aerodynamic methods?

Which of the following speech symptoms of velopharyngeal dysfunction is assessed with aerodynamic instrumentation?

Which of the following should always be considered when assessing the status of the nasal airway in children?

Transducers convert the detected air pressure or flow into which of the following?

Anatomy and Physiology

Clefts of the Lip and Palate

The Genetics Evaluation and Common Craniofacial Syndromes

Genetics and Patterns of Inheritance

Feeding Problems of Infantswith Clefts or Craniofacial Anomalies

Developmental Aspects:speech, Language, and Cognition

Resonance Disorders Andvelopharyngeal Dysfunction Vpd

Facial, Oral and Pharyngeal Anomalies

Dental Anomalies

Psychosocial Aspects Ofcleft Lippalate and Craniofacial Anomalies

Speech and Resonance Assessment

Orofacial Examination

Overview of Instrumental Procedures

Nasometry

Videofluoroscopy

Nasopharyngoscopy

Surgical Management of Clefts and Velopharyngeal Insufficiencyincompetence VPI

Orthognathic Surgery for Craniofacial Conditions

Prosthetic Management

Speech Therapy

The Team Approach

Cleft Care in Developing Countries

Velopharyngeal Dysfunction and Speech Disorders

Filters

Exam 15: Speech Aerodynamics

Which procedure measures airway resistance in the nasal cavity?

The pressure-flow technique is ideally suited to determine the magnitude of which of the following during speech?

Aerodynamic techniques do not provide information about which of the following?

Velopharyngeal closure is considered adequate in children if differential oral-nasal air pressure is greater than which of the following during the production of the word "hamper"?

To estimate velopharyngeal orifice size, which of the following aerodynamic measures are needed?

Which of the following causes the rapid displacement of the vocal folds during speech?

Gross velopharyngeal insufficiency during production of "hamper" may be indicated by which of the following?

How is the rate of nasal airflow measured?

What does a pneumotachograph measure?

What does the orifice equation use to calculate minimal cross-sectional area of the velopharyngeal port?

Why do pressure-flow estimates of orifice size decrease in accuracy when the orifice area exceeds 80 mm2?

Which of the following cannot be determined by aerodynamic methods?

Which of the following speech symptoms of velopharyngeal dysfunction is assessed with aerodynamic instrumentation?

Which of the following should always be considered when assessing the status of the nasal airway in children?

Transducers convert the detected air pressure or flow into which of the following?

Anatomy and Physiology

Clefts of the Lip and Palate

The Genetics Evaluation and Common Craniofacial Syndromes

Genetics and Patterns of Inheritance

Feeding Problems of Infantswith Clefts or Craniofacial Anomalies

Developmental Aspects:speech, Language, and Cognition

Resonance Disorders Andvelopharyngeal Dysfunction Vpd

Facial, Oral and Pharyngeal Anomalies

Dental Anomalies

Psychosocial Aspects Ofcleft Lippalate and Craniofacial Anomalies

Speech and Resonance Assessment

Orofacial Examination

Overview of Instrumental Procedures

Nasometry

Videofluoroscopy

Nasopharyngoscopy

Surgical Management of Clefts and Velopharyngeal Insufficiencyincompetence VPI

Orthognathic Surgery for Craniofacial Conditions

Prosthetic Management

Speech Therapy

The Team Approach

Cleft Care in Developing Countries

Velopharyngeal Dysfunction and Speech Disorders

Filters

Why do pressure-flow estimates of orifice size decrease in accuracy when the orifice area exceeds 80 mm²?