Question 1

During the 20th century,U.S.death rates

Accepted Answer

A)  exhibited the same cyclical waves as birth rates. 
B)  fell with advancements in healthcare and medicine. 
C)  exhibited an upward trend. 
D)  generally stayed flat. 
A)  exhibited the same cyclical waves as birth rates. 
B)  fell with advancements in healthcare and medicine. 
C)  exhibited an upward trend. 
D)  generally stayed flat. B

Question 2

The U.S.economy is not a perfectly competitive market.There are costs associated with negotiating contracts,enforcing agreements,taxes and less than perfectly competitive firms.Nevertheless,according to Wallis and North (1986),the U.S.economy has grown in the presence of these transaction costs and these costs have risen sharply as a percentage of GDP between 1890 and 1970.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Union membership is likely to fall as growth in tertiary employment occurs in the private sector.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Compared to the 19th century,the population of the 20th century

Accepted Answer

A)  was largely urbanized. 
B)  was 3.7 times larger in number. 
C)  experienced a 63 percent increase in life expectancy at birth. 
D)  can be described by all of the above. 
A)  was largely urbanized. 
B)  was 3.7 times larger in number. 
C)  experienced a 63 percent increase in life expectancy at birth. 
D)  can be described by all of the above.

Question 5

The rise of the tertiary sector is positively associated with modernization and economic ?development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What does the demand for labor depend on,directly or indirectly?

Accepted Answer

A)  The wage rate 
B)  Productivity of labor 
C)  Demand for the goods and services produced by the labor 
D)  All of the above 
A)  The wage rate 
B)  Productivity of labor 
C)  Demand for the goods and services produced by the labor 
D)  All of the above

Question 7

Discuss the economic history behind the changes in the pattern of retirement over the course of the 20th century.What role has Social Security played?

Accepted Answer

The pattern of retirement has undergone

Question 8

Differences in what can help explain the wage gap between U.S.born and foreign born workers employed in the U.S.?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gender 
B)  Schooling 
C)  Immigration policy 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Gender 
B)  Schooling 
C)  Immigration policy 
D)  All of the above

Question 9

Richard Easterlin (1968,1987)maintains that the 20th century's pattern of births was

Accepted Answer

A)  affected primarily by Real Gross National Product (Real GNP). 
B)  negatively affected by the U.S. population's materialistic desires and ?positively affected by its income. 
C)  explained by waves of discrimination. 
D)  explained solely by the wars. 
A)  affected primarily by Real Gross National Product (Real GNP). 
B)  negatively affected by the U.S. population's materialistic desires and ?positively affected by its income. 
C)  explained by waves of discrimination. 
D)  explained solely by the wars.

Question 10

By the end of the 20th century,the countries of origin of the new U.S.immigrants shifted away from its European majority.A smaller percentage of total immigrants arrived from Europe,and more and more came from Asia,Canada and Mexico.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The number of highly skilled and knowledge workers entering the workforce increases when

Accepted Answer

A)  firms substitute capital for high priced labor. 
B)  the market demands labor with advanced degrees. 
C)  the government cuts educational funding. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  firms substitute capital for high priced labor. 
B)  the market demands labor with advanced degrees. 
C)  the government cuts educational funding. 
D)  All of the above

Question 12

Laborers of which sector work in the tertiary or service sector?

Accepted Answer

A)  Teachers, doctors, lawyers, nanotechnologists, musicians and athletes 
B)  Farmers, fisher people and foresters 
C)  Manufacturers and processors of raw materials 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Teachers, doctors, lawyers, nanotechnologists, musicians and athletes 
B)  Farmers, fisher people and foresters 
C)  Manufacturers and processors of raw materials 
D)  All of the above

Question 13

Individuals rationally choosing career paths should weigh the preparation costs to the potential incomes generated within those careers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

At the beginning of the twenty-first century,

Accepted Answer

A)  many people returned to living in the Northeast and Midwest. 
B)  the majority of U.S. citizens lived in rural areas. 
C)  the majority of people resided in the South and West. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  many people returned to living in the Northeast and Midwest. 
B)  the majority of U.S. citizens lived in rural areas. 
C)  the majority of people resided in the South and West. 
D)  all of the above

Question 15

Explain why neoclassical economists claim that economic growth is an effective redistributor of income.

Accepted Answer

Neoclassical economists claim that econo

Question 16

Which statement holds true in the post-World War II era?

Accepted Answer

A)  There was a permanent increase in the percentage of working adult women with children. 
B)  Firms found it most profitable to treat women as individuals rather than groups. 
C)  Marriage bars returned. 
D)  Female participation in farming, common labor and craft work in the U.S. increased significantly. 
A)  There was a permanent increase in the percentage of working adult women with children. 
B)  Firms found it most profitable to treat women as individuals rather than groups. 
C)  Marriage bars returned. 
D)  Female participation in farming, common labor and craft work in the U.S. increased significantly.

Question 17

Describe the pattern of female participation in the labor force in the 20th century.Discuss the opportunity costs of gender discrimination.Historically,which factors account for discrimination against women in the U.S.? Why is this type of discrimination less of a problem today than it was ?100 years ago? Use the economic way of thinking to provide answers to these questions.Hold all other factors constant.

Accepted Answer

The pattern of female participation in t

Question 18

Discuss the challenges of the union movement at the close of the 20th century.

Accepted Answer

The union movement faced several challen

Question 19

Industrialization in advanced economies suggests that rising productivity is responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  a drop in the number of laborers employed in the primary sector. 
B)  a smaller percentage of the total labor force working in the secondary sector. 
C)  a significant rise in the number of people working in the tertiary sector. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  a drop in the number of laborers employed in the primary sector. 
B)  a smaller percentage of the total labor force working in the secondary sector. 
C)  a significant rise in the number of people working in the tertiary sector. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 20

The increase in the proportion of tertiary employment over time at the expense of both primary and secondary employment

Accepted Answer

A)  is peculiar to the western industrial countries. 
B)  is strictly an American phenomenon. 
C)  is present generally in all industrial countries. 
D)  is restricted to countries with relatively small ?government sectors. 
A)  is peculiar to the western industrial countries. 
B)  is strictly an American phenomenon. 
C)  is present generally in all industrial countries. 
D)  is restricted to countries with relatively small ?government sectors.

Exam 28: Population, Health, and Labor

During the 20th century,U.S.death rates

Union membership is likely to fall as growth in tertiary employment occurs in the private sector.

Compared to the 19th century,the population of the 20th century

The rise of the tertiary sector is positively associated with modernization and economic ?development.

What does the demand for labor depend on,directly or indirectly?

Discuss the economic history behind the changes in the pattern of retirement over the course of the 20th century.What role has Social Security played?

Differences in what can help explain the wage gap between U.S.born and foreign born workers employed in the U.S.?

Richard Easterlin (1968,1987)maintains that the 20th century's pattern of births was

By the end of the 20th century,the countries of origin of the new U.S.immigrants shifted away from its European majority.A smaller percentage of total immigrants arrived from Europe,and more and more came from Asia,Canada and Mexico.

The number of highly skilled and knowledge workers entering the workforce increases when

Laborers of which sector work in the tertiary or service sector?

Individuals rationally choosing career paths should weigh the preparation costs to the potential incomes generated within those careers.

At the beginning of the twenty-first century,

Explain why neoclassical economists claim that economic growth is an effective redistributor of income.

Which statement holds true in the post-World War II era?

Discuss the challenges of the union movement at the close of the 20th century.

Industrialization in advanced economies suggests that rising productivity is responsible for

The increase in the proportion of tertiary employment over time at the expense of both primary and secondary employment

Overseas Empire

Colonial Development

America on the Eve of Revolution

Gaining Independence

Westward Expansion

Population and Labor Force

Law and the Rise of Classical American Capitalism

Transportation, Internal Improvements, and Urbanization

Agricultural Expansion: The Conflict of Two Systems on the Land

The Debate over Slavery

The Early Industrial Sector

The Financial System and the International Economy

Economic Effects of the Civil War

Railroads and Economic Development

Post-Civil War Agriculture

Population Growth and the Atlantic Migration

Industrialization, Entrepreneurship, and Urban Growth

Big Business and Government Intervention

Financial Developments 1863–1914

The Giant Economy and Its International Relations

Labor and the Law

The Command Economy Emerges: World War I

Normalcy”: 1919–1929

The Great Depression

The New Deal

The “Prosperity” of Wartime

Before the New Frontier: The Postwar Economy

Postwar Industry and Agriculture

To the New Millennium and Beyond

Does Our Past Have a Future?

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