Question 1

Which of the following occurs when water loss is greater than water gain?

Accepted Answer

A) Dehydration 
B) Evaporation 
C) Precipitation 
D) Insensible loss 
E) None of these choices 
A) Dehydration 
B) Evaporation 
C) Precipitation 
D) Insensible loss 
E) None of these choices

Question 2

Weakness,irritability,tetany,delirium,convulsions and several other signs and symptoms from hypomagnesemia may be associated with an individual who is

Accepted Answer

A) alcoholic 
B) malnourished 
C) diabetic 
D) constipated 
E) a smoker 
A) alcoholic 
B) malnourished 
C) diabetic 
D) constipated 
E) a smoker

Question 3

Describe the fluid and electrolyte disorders to which the elderly are particularly susceptible.

Accepted Answer

1)Dehydration and hypernatremia due to i

Question 4

Water intoxication results from

Accepted Answer

A) Dilute body fluids 
B) Decrease in the osmolarity of interstitial fluids 
C) Osmosis of water from ICF to ECF 
D) Dilute body fluids and a decrease in the osmolarity of interstitial fluids 
E) Decrease in water intake 
A) Dilute body fluids 
B) Decrease in the osmolarity of interstitial fluids 
C) Osmosis of water from ICF to ECF 
D) Dilute body fluids and a decrease in the osmolarity of interstitial fluids 
E) Decrease in water intake

Question 5

Which imbalance results when systemic arterial blood CO2 levels raise to abnormal values?

Accepted Answer

A) Metabolic alkalosis 
B) Metabolic acidosis 
C) Respiratory acidosis 
D) Respiratory alkalosis 
E) None of these choices 
A) Metabolic alkalosis 
B) Metabolic acidosis 
C) Respiratory acidosis 
D) Respiratory alkalosis 
E) None of these choices

Question 6

Older adults are susceptible to several different pathologies.The may experience [dropdown 1] due to the chronic use of laxatives to relieve constipation and also [dropdown 2] because their lungs and kidneys do not function at sufficient levels to avoid this imbalance.
Dropdown 1 choices:
hyponatremia
hypernatremia
hypokalemia
hyperkalemia
acidosis
Dropdown 2 choices:
hyponatremia
hypernatremia
hypokalemia
hyperkalemia
acidosis

Accepted Answer

1.Hypokale

Question 7

PTH,calcitriol and calcitonin are

Accepted Answer

A) The main regulators of magnesium in the blood 
B) The main regulators of phosphate in the blood 
C) The main regulators of calcium in the blood 
D) The main regulators of NaCl in the blood 
E) None of these choices 
A) The main regulators of magnesium in the blood 
B) The main regulators of phosphate in the blood 
C) The main regulators of calcium in the blood 
D) The main regulators of NaCl in the blood 
E) None of these choices

Question 8

Which of the following is produced when electrons are accepted by oxygen during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Anions 
B) Cations 
C) Metabolic water 
D) Lipids 
E) Carbohydrates 
A) Anions 
B) Cations 
C) Metabolic water 
D) Lipids 
E) Carbohydrates

Question 9

Inadequate exhalation of carbon dioxide can cause

Accepted Answer

A) Blood pH to drop 
B) Alkalosis 
C) Respiratory compensation 
D) Unequal distribution of water 
E) Metabolic alkalosis 
A) Blood pH to drop 
B) Alkalosis 
C) Respiratory compensation 
D) Unequal distribution of water 
E) Metabolic alkalosis

Question 10

In extracellular fluid the most abundant cation is

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) Cl- 
C) K+ 
D) HPO42- 
E) HCO3- 
A) Na+ 
B) Cl- 
C) K+ 
D) HPO42- 
E) HCO3-

Question 11

Hyperaldosteronism is known to cause hypertension (high blood pressure).Explain why this occurs.

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone directs the kidneys to reabs

Question 12

The breathing rate of an infant

Accepted Answer

A) Is twice as fast as an adult 
B) Causes greater water loss from the lungs 
C) Removes less carbon dioxide than in an adult 
D) Makes the infant blood more acidic 
E) Is normal to an adult 
A) Is twice as fast as an adult 
B) Causes greater water loss from the lungs 
C) Removes less carbon dioxide than in an adult 
D) Makes the infant blood more acidic 
E) Is normal to an adult

Question 13

The Na+ level in blood is controlled by

Accepted Answer

A) Aldosterone 
B) Insulin 
C) ATP production 
D) Krebs cycle 
E) Glucagon 
A) Aldosterone 
B) Insulin 
C) ATP production 
D) Krebs cycle 
E) Glucagon

Question 14

Which of the following is the main factor that determines water loss?

Accepted Answer

A) Defecation 
B) Sweating 
C) Urination 
D) Evaporation through the skin 
E) Exhalation of water vapor 
A) Defecation 
B) Sweating 
C) Urination 
D) Evaporation through the skin 
E) Exhalation of water vapor

Question 15

Which of the following is the most common cause of metabolic alkalosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Hemorrhage 
B) Vomiting 
C) Pneumothorax 
D) Diabetes 
E) Cancer 
A) Hemorrhage 
B) Vomiting 
C) Pneumothorax 
D) Diabetes 
E) Cancer

Question 16

How much of the total volume of body fluid is intracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

A) 10% 
B) 50% 
C) 1/3 
D) 2/3 
E) 99% 
A) 10% 
B) 50% 
C) 1/3 
D) 2/3 
E) 99%

Question 17

Which condition may result in respiratory alkalosis?

Accepted Answer

A) emphysema 
B) airway obstruction 
C) use of certain diuretics 
D) cerebrovascular accident 
E) accumulation of acid 
A) emphysema 
B) airway obstruction 
C) use of certain diuretics 
D) cerebrovascular accident 
E) accumulation of acid

Exam 27: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Homeostasis

Which of the following occurs when water loss is greater than water gain?

Weakness,irritability,tetany,delirium,convulsions and several other signs and symptoms from hypomagnesemia may be associated with an individual who is

Describe the fluid and electrolyte disorders to which the elderly are particularly susceptible.

Water intoxication results from

Which imbalance results when systemic arterial blood CO2 levels raise to abnormal values?

PTH,calcitriol and calcitonin are

Which of the following is produced when electrons are accepted by oxygen during cellular respiration?

Inadequate exhalation of carbon dioxide can cause

In extracellular fluid the most abundant cation is

Hyperaldosteronism is known to cause hypertension (high blood pressure).Explain why this occurs.

The breathing rate of an infant

The Na+ level in blood is controlled by

Which of the following is the main factor that determines water loss?

Which of the following is the most common cause of metabolic alkalosis?

How much of the total volume of body fluid is intracellular fluid?

Which condition may result in respiratory alkalosis?

An Introduction to the Human Body

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscular Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Reproductive Systems

Development and Inheritance

Filters

Which imbalance results when systemic arterial blood CO₂ levels raise to abnormal values?

The Na⁺ level in blood is controlled by