Question 1

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms below.
-This starts the gut's inner lining.

Accepted Answer

A) Somites 
B) Blastocyst 
C) Ectoderm 
D) Mesoderm 
E) Endoderm 
A) Somites 
B) Blastocyst 
C) Ectoderm 
D) Mesoderm 
E) Endoderm

Question 2

What will happen by the end of the eighth week of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Limbs form, and paddles at their ends are sculpted into digits. 
B)  The umbilical cord and the circulatory system develop. 
C)  All of the organ systems will be formed, and apoptosis has eliminated the tail. 
D)  The fetal heartbeat can be heard clearly through a stethoscope positioned on the mother's abdomen. 
E)  The fetus has begun not only to detect sounds but also to remember some of them. 
A)  Limbs form, and paddles at their ends are sculpted into digits. 
B)  The umbilical cord and the circulatory system develop. 
C)  All of the organ systems will be formed, and apoptosis has eliminated the tail. 
D)  The fetal heartbeat can be heard clearly through a stethoscope positioned on the mother's abdomen. 
E)  The fetus has begun not only to detect sounds but also to remember some of them.

Question 3

Figure 42.2
The following question refers to the figure above illustrating frog development.
-Organ formation is occurring at ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 4

Figure 42.11
?Use the figure above showing human embryonic developmental day 14 to answer the following question.
-Which of the following structures represents the yolk sac?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 5

Which human extraembryonic membrane forms the blood vessels of the umbilical cord?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amnion 
B)  Yolk sac 
C)  Chorion 
D)  Allantois 
E)  Protein coat 
A)  Amnion 
B)  Yolk sac 
C)  Chorion 
D)  Allantois 
E)  Protein coat

Question 6

Which of the following is the first stage in animal development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cleavage 
B)  Gamete formation 
C)  Gastrula formation 
D)  Zygote formation 
E)  Blastula formation 
A)  Cleavage 
B)  Gamete formation 
C)  Gastrula formation 
D)  Zygote formation 
E)  Blastula formation

Question 7

Choose the one best answer for each numbered item.
-Gastrula

Accepted Answer

A) Visible marker of the site where an amphibian's body axis will be established and where gastrulation will begin 
B) The formation of three embryonic tissue layers 
C) The fusion of male and female nuclei 
D) The entire body divides transversely; each half grows and regenerates the missing part 
E) Selective gene expression results in different cell types
F)Subdividing of the zygote by mitosis; no growth occurs
G)Region of zygote that has less yolk and is pigmented
H)An embryonic stage of development that has three primary tissue layers before organogenesis begins
I)The formation of organs
J)One body part develops in response to signals from an adjacent part
K)The growth, shaping, and spatial coordination of tissues and organs so that a predefined pattern of the whole organism results
L)Programmed cell death, as occurs in the formation of the mouse paw 
A) Visible marker of the site where an amphibian's body axis will be established and where gastrulation will begin 
B) The formation of three embryonic tissue layers 
C) The fusion of male and female nuclei 
D) The entire body divides transversely; each half grows and regenerates the missing part 
E) Selective gene expression results in different cell types
F)Subdividing of the zygote by mitosis; no growth occurs
G)Region of zygote that has less yolk and is pigmented
H)An embryonic stage of development that has three primary tissue layers before organogenesis begins
I)The formation of organs
J)One body part develops in response to signals from an adjacent part
K)The growth, shaping, and spatial coordination of tissues and organs so that a predefined pattern of the whole organism results
L)Programmed cell death, as occurs in the formation of the mouse paw

Question 8

Choose the one best answer for each numbered item.
-Cleavage

Accepted Answer

A) Visible marker of the site where an amphibian's body axis will be established and where gastrulation will begin 
B) The formation of three embryonic tissue layers 
C) The fusion of male and female nuclei 
D) The entire body divides transversely; each half grows and regenerates the missing part 
E) Selective gene expression results in different cell types
F)Subdividing of the zygote by mitosis; no growth occurs
G)Region of zygote that has less yolk and is pigmented
H)An embryonic stage of development that has three primary tissue layers before organogenesis begins
I)The formation of organs
J)One body part develops in response to signals from an adjacent part
K)The growth, shaping, and spatial coordination of tissues and organs so that a predefined pattern of the whole organism results
L)Programmed cell death, as occurs in the formation of the mouse paw 
A) Visible marker of the site where an amphibian's body axis will be established and where gastrulation will begin 
B) The formation of three embryonic tissue layers 
C) The fusion of male and female nuclei 
D) The entire body divides transversely; each half grows and regenerates the missing part 
E) Selective gene expression results in different cell types
F)Subdividing of the zygote by mitosis; no growth occurs
G)Region of zygote that has less yolk and is pigmented
H)An embryonic stage of development that has three primary tissue layers before organogenesis begins
I)The formation of organs
J)One body part develops in response to signals from an adjacent part
K)The growth, shaping, and spatial coordination of tissues and organs so that a predefined pattern of the whole organism results
L)Programmed cell death, as occurs in the formation of the mouse paw

Question 9

The hormone ____ is involved in a positive feedback cycle that results in strong uterine contractions during labor.

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogen 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  cortisol 
D)  progesterone 
E)  prolactin 
A)  estrogen 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  cortisol 
D)  progesterone 
E)  prolactin

Question 10

___________ is a master regulator gene whose mRNA product accumulates at one end of a fly egg,resulting in a concentration gradient of the protein product after fertilization.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ___________ is a master regulator gene whose...

Question 11

An evolutionary model of animal development explains how _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  animal body plans are constrained by existing structures in ancestral organisms. 
B)  homeotic genes are not universal among animals. 
C)  homeotic genes are found only in fruit flies, where they are responsible for odd placement of appendages. 
D)  new genetic lines are produced less by modification than by unique mutation. 
E)  somites form as blocks of genes in cells randomly distributed throughout the body. 
A)  animal body plans are constrained by existing structures in ancestral organisms. 
B)  homeotic genes are not universal among animals. 
C)  homeotic genes are found only in fruit flies, where they are responsible for odd placement of appendages. 
D)  new genetic lines are produced less by modification than by unique mutation. 
E)  somites form as blocks of genes in cells randomly distributed throughout the body.

Question 12

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms listed below.
-Its cellular descendants give rise to specific tissues and organs.

Accepted Answer

A) Zygote 
B) Blastula 
C) Cleavage 
D) Gastrula 
E) Somites 
A) Zygote 
B) Blastula 
C) Cleavage 
D) Gastrula 
E) Somites

Question 13

Diffusion of morphogens influences the differential expression of other genes such as __________,which govern the formation of specific body parts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Diffusion of morphogens influences the differential expression...

Question 14

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms listed below.
-This is the division of the zygote.

Accepted Answer

A) Zygote 
B) Blastula 
C) Cleavage 
D) Gastrula 
E) Somites 
A) Zygote 
B) Blastula 
C) Cleavage 
D) Gastrula 
E) Somites

Question 15

During which age/period do bones stop growing?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the pre-pubescent period 
B)  In the 40s 
C)  Shortly after puberty 
D)  During the 20s 
E)  During pubescence 
A)  In the pre-pubescent period 
B)  In the 40s 
C)  Shortly after puberty 
D)  During the 20s 
E)  During pubescence

Question 16

__________ regulates the maturation of the mammary glands,and then _____ causes contraction of milk glands.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ regulates the maturation of the mammary...

Question 17

Choose the one best answer for each numbered item.
-Gastrulation

Accepted Answer

A) Visible marker of the site where an amphibian's body axis will be established and where gastrulation will begin 
B) The formation of three embryonic tissue layers 
C) The fusion of male and female nuclei 
D) The entire body divides transversely; each half grows and regenerates the missing part 
E) Selective gene expression results in different cell types
F)Subdividing of the zygote by mitosis; no growth occurs
G)Region of zygote that has less yolk and is pigmented
H)An embryonic stage of development that has three primary tissue layers before organogenesis begins
I)The formation of organs
J)One body part develops in response to signals from an adjacent part
K)The growth, shaping, and spatial coordination of tissues and organs so that a predefined pattern of the whole organism results
L)Programmed cell death, as occurs in the formation of the mouse paw 
A) Visible marker of the site where an amphibian's body axis will be established and where gastrulation will begin 
B) The formation of three embryonic tissue layers 
C) The fusion of male and female nuclei 
D) The entire body divides transversely; each half grows and regenerates the missing part 
E) Selective gene expression results in different cell types
F)Subdividing of the zygote by mitosis; no growth occurs
G)Region of zygote that has less yolk and is pigmented
H)An embryonic stage of development that has three primary tissue layers before organogenesis begins
I)The formation of organs
J)One body part develops in response to signals from an adjacent part
K)The growth, shaping, and spatial coordination of tissues and organs so that a predefined pattern of the whole organism results
L)Programmed cell death, as occurs in the formation of the mouse paw

Question 18

Choose the one best answer for each numbered item.
-Apoptosis

Accepted Answer

A) Visible marker of the site where an amphibian's body axis will be established and where gastrulation will begin 
B) The formation of three embryonic tissue layers 
C) The fusion of male and female nuclei 
D) The entire body divides transversely; each half grows and regenerates the missing part 
E) Selective gene expression results in different cell types
F)Subdividing of the zygote by mitosis; no growth occurs
G)Region of zygote that has less yolk and is pigmented
H)An embryonic stage of development that has three primary tissue layers before organogenesis begins
I)The formation of organs
J)One body part develops in response to signals from an adjacent part
K)The growth, shaping, and spatial coordination of tissues and organs so that a predefined pattern of the whole organism results
L)Programmed cell death, as occurs in the formation of the mouse paw 
A) Visible marker of the site where an amphibian's body axis will be established and where gastrulation will begin 
B) The formation of three embryonic tissue layers 
C) The fusion of male and female nuclei 
D) The entire body divides transversely; each half grows and regenerates the missing part 
E) Selective gene expression results in different cell types
F)Subdividing of the zygote by mitosis; no growth occurs
G)Region of zygote that has less yolk and is pigmented
H)An embryonic stage of development that has three primary tissue layers before organogenesis begins
I)The formation of organs
J)One body part develops in response to signals from an adjacent part
K)The growth, shaping, and spatial coordination of tissues and organs so that a predefined pattern of the whole organism results
L)Programmed cell death, as occurs in the formation of the mouse paw

Question 19

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms listed below.
-This stage appears as a multicelled,fluid-filled ball.

Accepted Answer

A) Zygote 
B) Blastula 
C) Cleavage 
D) Gastrula 
E) Somites 
A) Zygote 
B) Blastula 
C) Cleavage 
D) Gastrula 
E) Somites

Question 20

The zygote goes through ____ to become a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

A)  cleavage; blastula 
B)  cleavage; gastrula 
C)  zygote formation; embryo 
D)  cleavage; egg 
E)  fertilization; blastula 
A)  cleavage; blastula 
B)  cleavage; gastrula 
C)  zygote formation; embryo 
D)  cleavage; egg 
E)  fertilization; blastula

Exam 42: Animal Development

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms below. -This starts the gut's inner lining.

What will happen by the end of the eighth week of development?

Figure 42.2 The following question refers to the figure above illustrating frog development. -Organ formation is occurring at ____.

Figure 42.11 ?Use the figure above showing human embryonic developmental day 14 to answer the following question. -Which of the following structures represents the yolk sac?

Which human extraembryonic membrane forms the blood vessels of the umbilical cord?

Which of the following is the first stage in animal development?

Choose the one best answer for each numbered item. -Gastrula

Choose the one best answer for each numbered item. -Cleavage

The hormone ____ is involved in a positive feedback cycle that results in strong uterine contractions during labor.

___________ is a master regulator gene whose mRNA product accumulates at one end of a fly egg,resulting in a concentration gradient of the protein product after fertilization.

An evolutionary model of animal development explains how _____.

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms listed below. -Its cellular descendants give rise to specific tissues and organs.

Diffusion of morphogens influences the differential expression of other genes such as __________,which govern the formation of specific body parts.

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms listed below. -This is the division of the zygote.

During which age/period do bones stop growing?

__________ regulates the maturation of the mammary glands,and then _____ causes contraction of milk glands.

Choose the one best answer for each numbered item. -Gastrulation

Choose the one best answer for each numbered item. -Apoptosis

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms listed below. -This stage appears as a multicelled,fluid-filled ball.

The zygote goes through ____ to become a(n)____.

Invitation to Biology

Life's Chemical Bases

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where it Starts—Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizing Information about Species

Life's Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates

Animal Evolution: The Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive System

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

______ regulates the maturation of the mammary glands,and then _ causes contraction of milk glands.

The zygote goes through to become a(n).