Question 1

If the frequency of a recessive gene in a population in genetic equilibrium is 40 percent,in the next generation,the frequency of that gene would be ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  20 percent 
B)  40 percent 
C)  80 percent 
D)  2pq 
E)  unpredictable 
A)  20 percent 
B)  40 percent 
C)  80 percent 
D)  2pq 
E)  unpredictable

Question 2

Male mallard ducks have had emerald green head feathers and wings with metallic blue patches for hundreds of years,whereas females have been drab,brown-feathered ducks.This phenotypic situation suggests that mallards may be an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection 
B)  Polyploidy 
C)  allopatric speciation 
D)  disruptive selection 
E)  sexual selection 
A)  directional selection 
B)  Polyploidy 
C)  allopatric speciation 
D)  disruptive selection 
E)  sexual selection

Question 3

Stabilizing selection occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  the environment controls which organisms will survive. 
B)  humans determine which organisms will survive. 
C)  the extremes of the population have a lesser chance to survive. 
D)  the extremes of the population have a better chance to survive. 
E)  the organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive than those on the other extreme. 
A)  the environment controls which organisms will survive. 
B)  humans determine which organisms will survive. 
C)  the extremes of the population have a lesser chance to survive. 
D)  the extremes of the population have a better chance to survive. 
E)  the organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive than those on the other extreme.

Question 4

What is the type of speciation that can occur in an instant with a change in chromosome number?

Accepted Answer

A)  Temporal 
B)  Mechanical 
C)  Behavioral 
D)  Ecological 
E)  Sympatric 
A)  Temporal 
B)  Mechanical 
C)  Behavioral 
D)  Ecological 
E)  Sympatric

Question 5

__________ is rapid diversification into new species that occupy novel niches.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ is rapid diversification into new species...

Question 6

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.
-genetic equilibrium

Accepted Answer

A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests 
A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests

Question 7

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.
-species

Accepted Answer

A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests 
A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests

Question 8

Gene flow ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  has a stabilizing influence on allele frequencies between two populations 
B)  speeds up the divergence of two populations 
C)  increases divergence between populations 
D)  is promoted by isolating mechanisms 
E)  promotes inbreeding 
A)  has a stabilizing influence on allele frequencies between two populations 
B)  speeds up the divergence of two populations 
C)  increases divergence between populations 
D)  is promoted by isolating mechanisms 
E)  promotes inbreeding

Question 9

When a population goes through a bottleneck,____.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift is likely to occur 
B)  mutation rates increase 
C)  extinction rates decrease 
D)  natural selection decreases in intensity 
E)  inbreeding decreases 
A)  genetic drift is likely to occur 
B)  mutation rates increase 
C)  extinction rates decrease 
D)  natural selection decreases in intensity 
E)  inbreeding decreases

Question 10

Disruptive selection occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  the environment controls which organisms will survive. 
B)  humans determine which organisms will survive. 
C)  the extremes of the population have a lesser chance to survive. 
D)  the extremes of the population have a better chance to survive. 
E)  the organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive than those on the other extreme. 
A)  the environment controls which organisms will survive. 
B)  humans determine which organisms will survive. 
C)  the extremes of the population have a lesser chance to survive. 
D)  the extremes of the population have a better chance to survive. 
E)  the organisms on one extreme of the population have a better chance to survive than those on the other extreme.

Question 11

An organism is found to be almost unchanged from its 200 million year old fossil.This is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  stasis 
B)  coevolution 
C)  mass extinction 
D)  adaptive radiation 
E)  idealized design 
A)  stasis 
B)  coevolution 
C)  mass extinction 
D)  adaptive radiation 
E)  idealized design

Question 12

Change in the allele frequency due to chance alone is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  inbreeding. 
B)  genetic drift. 
C)  founder effect. 
D)  bottlenecks. 
E)  gene flow. 
A)  inbreeding. 
B)  genetic drift. 
C)  founder effect. 
D)  bottlenecks. 
E)  gene flow.

Question 13

The peppered moths showed an example of ___________(type of natural)selection when their wings showed different colorations to match the trees in their habitat.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The peppered moths showed an example of...

Question 14

The effectiveness of geographic barriers in promoting speciation is related most to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the absolute size of the barrier 
B)  the inability of the organisms to overcome the barrier 
C)  the speed at which the barrier forms 
D)  how long the barrier exists 
E)  the size of the population it separates 
A)  the absolute size of the barrier 
B)  the inability of the organisms to overcome the barrier 
C)  the speed at which the barrier forms 
D)  how long the barrier exists 
E)  the size of the population it separates

Question 15

Choose the most appropriate letter for each.
-gene pool

Accepted Answer

A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests 
A) a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations 
B) a hallmark is reproductive isolation from other groups 
C) the genes of an entire population 
D) the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population 
E) the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
F)the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
G)the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
H)selection that occurs in environments favorable to heterozygotes
I)results in pesticide-resistant pests

Question 16

Which individuals will be LEAST favored when selection pressures acting on a population result in stabilizing selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals at the lower end of the range of variation only 
B)  Individuals at the upper end of the range of variation only 
C)  Individuals distributed randomly within the range of variation 
D)  The intermediate individuals within the range of variation 
E)  Extreme individuals at both ends of the range of variation 
A)  Individuals at the lower end of the range of variation only 
B)  Individuals at the upper end of the range of variation only 
C)  Individuals distributed randomly within the range of variation 
D)  The intermediate individuals within the range of variation 
E)  Extreme individuals at both ends of the range of variation

Question 17

In __________ speciation,populations in contact along a common border speciate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In __________ speciation,populations in contact along a...

Question 18

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below.
-This is most likely to lead to the loss of genetic variation in a small population.

Accepted Answer

A) Mutation 
B) gene flow 
C) genetic drift 
D) natural selection 
A) Mutation 
B) gene flow 
C) genetic drift 
D) natural selection

Question 19

__________ shifts the range of variation in traits in one direction.

Accepted Answer

Directiona

Question 20

Hybrids produced from matings between closely related species can be less fit than pure breeds because

Accepted Answer

A)  they compete with pure breeds for nourishment. 
B)  their nuclear DNA may be incompatible with the maternal DNA. 
C)  they are able to mate. 
D)  their gametes are similar in structure to those of the parents. 
E)  they are physically larger. 
A)  they compete with pure breeds for nourishment. 
B)  their nuclear DNA may be incompatible with the maternal DNA. 
C)  they are able to mate. 
D)  their gametes are similar in structure to those of the parents. 
E)  they are physically larger.

Exam 17: Processes of Evolution

If the frequency of a recessive gene in a population in genetic equilibrium is 40 percent,in the next generation,the frequency of that gene would be ____.

Male mallard ducks have had emerald green head feathers and wings with metallic blue patches for hundreds of years,whereas females have been drab,brown-feathered ducks.This phenotypic situation suggests that mallards may be an example of ____.

Stabilizing selection occurs when

What is the type of speciation that can occur in an instant with a change in chromosome number?

__________ is rapid diversification into new species that occupy novel niches.

Choose the most appropriate letter for each. -genetic equilibrium

Choose the most appropriate letter for each. -species

Gene flow ____.

When a population goes through a bottleneck,____.

Disruptive selection occurs when

An organism is found to be almost unchanged from its 200 million year old fossil.This is an example of ____.

Change in the allele frequency due to chance alone is known as

The peppered moths showed an example of ___________(type of natural)selection when their wings showed different colorations to match the trees in their habitat.

The effectiveness of geographic barriers in promoting speciation is related most to ____.

Choose the most appropriate letter for each. -gene pool

Which individuals will be LEAST favored when selection pressures acting on a population result in stabilizing selection?

In __________ speciation,populations in contact along a common border speciate.

For the following statements, select the best choice of the four evolutionary processes listed below. -This is most likely to lead to the loss of genetic variation in a small population.

__________ shifts the range of variation in traits in one direction.

Hybrids produced from matings between closely related species can be less fit than pure breeds because

Invitation to Biology

Life's Chemical Bases

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where it Starts—Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Organizing Information about Species

Life's Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates

Animal Evolution: The Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive System

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters