Question 1

A base-pair substitution may alter a protein by changing an amino acid or by introducing a(n)_____________________.

Accepted Answer

Premature

Question 2

In correct order,the three stages of translation are ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation, replication, and termination 
B)  elongation, peptide bond formation, and codon-anticodon pairing 
C)  initiation, chain elongation, and termination 
D)  termination, initiation, and replication 
E)  initiation, codon-anticodon pairing, and termination 
A)  initiation, replication, and termination 
B)  elongation, peptide bond formation, and codon-anticodon pairing 
C)  initiation, chain elongation, and termination 
D)  termination, initiation, and replication 
E)  initiation, codon-anticodon pairing, and termination

Question 3

Of all the different codons that exist,three of them _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are involved in mutations 
B)  give the signal to stop translation 
C)  cannot be copied 
D)  do not specify a particular amino acid and are signals to begin translation 
E)  do not specify a particular amino acid and are signals to terminate translation 
A)  are involved in mutations 
B)  give the signal to stop translation 
C)  cannot be copied 
D)  do not specify a particular amino acid and are signals to begin translation 
E)  do not specify a particular amino acid and are signals to terminate translation

Question 4

Which event occurs during the elongation stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA transfers mRNA to the ribosomes. 
B)  Free amino acids bind to the mRNA binding site. 
C)  Anticodons bind to complementary codons. 
D)  A stop codon enters the ribosome. 
E)  rRNA catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds. 
A)  tRNA transfers mRNA to the ribosomes. 
B)  Free amino acids bind to the mRNA binding site. 
C)  Anticodons bind to complementary codons. 
D)  A stop codon enters the ribosome. 
E)  rRNA catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.

Question 5

Which of the following occur during initiation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A tRNA containing the methionine codon and a ribosomal unit converge on an mRNA. 
B)  A tRNA containing a UAA sequence hybridizes to a complementary mRNA sequence. 
C)  Peptide bonds form between an amino acid and mRNA. 
D)  Peptide bonds from between a tRNA an mRNA 
E)  A tRNA containing a lysine codon attaches to an mRNA. 
A)  A tRNA containing the methionine codon and a ribosomal unit converge on an mRNA. 
B)  A tRNA containing a UAA sequence hybridizes to a complementary mRNA sequence. 
C)  Peptide bonds form between an amino acid and mRNA. 
D)  Peptide bonds from between a tRNA an mRNA 
E)  A tRNA containing a lysine codon attaches to an mRNA.

Question 6

The following questions refer to the codon table above.
  
-The sequence of amino acids specified by this mRNA (AUGCGUCCA)is ___________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  serine $ \rightarrow$histidine $ \rightarrow$ lysine 
B)  methionine $ \rightarrow$ arginine $ \rightarrow$ proline 
C)  methionine $ \rightarrow$ alanine $ \rightarrow$ serine 
D)  valine $ \rightarrow$arginine $ \rightarrow$ leucine 
E)  valine$ \rightarrow$ proline $ \rightarrow$ methionine 
A)  serine $ \rightarrow$histidine $ \rightarrow$ lysine 
B)  methionine $ \rightarrow$ arginine $ \rightarrow$ proline 
C)  methionine $ \rightarrow$ alanine $ \rightarrow$ serine 
D)  valine $ \rightarrow$arginine $ \rightarrow$ leucine 
E)  valine$ \rightarrow$ proline $ \rightarrow$ methionine

Question 7

Anticodons pair with _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  codons on DNA 
B)  codons on mRNA 
C)  codons on tRNA 
D)  codons on rRNA 
E)  messenger RNA and ribosomal RNA 
A)  codons on DNA 
B)  codons on mRNA 
C)  codons on tRNA 
D)  codons on rRNA 
E)  messenger RNA and ribosomal RNA

Question 8

Classification. You will need a genetic code table to answer the following. The following statements refer to the five RNA codons listed below; match them appropriately:
-The anticodon AAA pairs with this codon.

Accepted Answer

A) AUG 
B) UAA 
C) UUU 
D) UUA 
E) AAA 
A) AUG 
B) UAA 
C) UUU 
D) UUA 
E) AAA

Question 9

Beta thalassemia anemia is caused by what type of mutation in the globin gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  Base-pair substitution 
B)  Deletion 
C)  Insertion 
D)  Dimerization 
E)  Promoter interference 
A)  Base-pair substitution 
B)  Deletion 
C)  Insertion 
D)  Dimerization 
E)  Promoter interference

Question 10

Each tRNA has a(n)__________ that base-pairs with a codon,and each binds to the amino acid specified by the codon.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each tRNA has a(n)__________ that base-pairs with...

Question 11

How many different kinds of naturally occurring amino acids are specified by the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  6 
C)  12 
D)  20 
E)  28 
A)  3 
B)  6 
C)  12 
D)  20 
E)  28

Question 12

What carries amino acids to ribosomes during translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  DNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  Exons 
A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  DNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  Exons

Question 13

-In this depiction of transcription (accompanying figure),the ____ strand is ____ because it ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  upper; RNA; contains guanine 
B)  upper; RNA; contains uracil 
C)  lower; RNA; contains thymine 
D)  upper; RNA; has no uracil 
E)  lower; DNA; contains adenine 
A)  upper; RNA; contains guanine 
B)  upper; RNA; contains uracil 
C)  lower; RNA; contains thymine 
D)  upper; RNA; has no uracil 
E)  lower; DNA; contains adenine

Question 14

Molecules that carry out transcription bind to this region of the DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  Exon 
B)  Transcription site 
C)  Promoter 
D)  Initiator 
E)  Ribosome 
A)  Exon 
B)  Transcription site 
C)  Promoter 
D)  Initiator 
E)  Ribosome

Question 15

Genetic information carried by a(n)_____________________ directs the synthesis of a(n)_____________________ chain during translation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genetic information carried by a(n)_____________________ directs the...

Question 16

The genetic code is made up of codons consisting of how many nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two 
B)  Three 
C)  Five 
D)  Six 
E)  Nine 
A)  Two 
B)  Three 
C)  Five 
D)  Six 
E)  Nine

Question 17

A gene mutation ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is a temporary change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA 
B)  may be caused by environmental agents 
C)  always arises spontaneously 
D)  occurs only in eukaryotes 
E)  is always damaging to the organism 
A)  is a temporary change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA 
B)  may be caused by environmental agents 
C)  always arises spontaneously 
D)  occurs only in eukaryotes 
E)  is always damaging to the organism

Question 18

What process copies a gene into RNA form?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosomal RNA 
B)  Transcription 
C)  Promoter 
D)  Translation 
E)  Messenger RNA 
A)  Ribosomal RNA 
B)  Transcription 
C)  Promoter 
D)  Translation 
E)  Messenger RNA

Question 19

If the DNA sequence is ATG-CGT,the mRNA codons are ____________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  AUG-CGU 
B)  ATG-CGT 
C)  UAC-GCA 
D)  UAG-CGU 
E)  GUA-CGU 
A)  AUG-CGU 
B)  ATG-CGT 
C)  UAC-GCA 
D)  UAG-CGU 
E)  GUA-CGU

Question 20

A frameshift mutation results in _______________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a normal protein due to the redundancy of the genetic code. 
B)  errors in DNA replication. 
C)  errors in DNA splicing. 
D)  a change in all mRNA codons downstream from the mutation. 
E)  a change in the third position of one codon. 
A)  a normal protein due to the redundancy of the genetic code. 
B)  errors in DNA replication. 
C)  errors in DNA splicing. 
D)  a change in all mRNA codons downstream from the mutation. 
E)  a change in the third position of one codon.

Exam 9: From DNA to Protein

A base-pair substitution may alter a protein by changing an amino acid or by introducing a(n)_____________________.

In correct order,the three stages of translation are ___________.

Of all the different codons that exist,three of them _____________.

Which event occurs during the elongation stage?

Which of the following occur during initiation?

The following questions refer to the codon table above. -The sequence of amino acids specified by this mRNA (AUGCGUCCA)is ___________________.

Anticodons pair with _________.

Classification. You will need a genetic code table to answer the following. The following statements refer to the five RNA codons listed below; match them appropriately: -The anticodon AAA pairs with this codon.

Beta thalassemia anemia is caused by what type of mutation in the globin gene?

Each tRNA has a(n)__________ that base-pairs with a codon,and each binds to the amino acid specified by the codon.

How many different kinds of naturally occurring amino acids are specified by the genetic code?

What carries amino acids to ribosomes during translation?

-In this depiction of transcription (accompanying figure),the ____ strand is ____ because it ____.

Molecules that carry out transcription bind to this region of the DNA.

Genetic information carried by a(n)_____________________ directs the synthesis of a(n)_____________________ chain during translation.

The genetic code is made up of codons consisting of how many nucleotides?

A gene mutation ______________.

What process copies a gene into RNA form?

If the DNA sequence is ATG-CGT,the mRNA codons are ____________________.

A frameshift mutation results in _______________________.

Invitation to Biology

Life's Chemical Bases

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where it Starts—Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizing Information about Species

Life's Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates

Animal Evolution: The Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive System

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

-In this depiction of transcription (accompanying figure),the strand is because it .

Genetic information carried by a(n)_ directs the synthesis of a(n)_ chain during translation.