Question 1

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Adenosine triphosphate

Accepted Answer

A) Amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) Coenzyme that can accept electrons and hydrogen 
C) Attachment of a phosphate group with a high-energy bond 
D) An excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) Part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)By binding a regulatory molecule, it allows a metabolic reaction to proceed
G)Affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)Important energy currency in metabolism
I)Enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)A measure of the amount of energy that has been diffused from a concentrated form of energy within a system 
A) Amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) Coenzyme that can accept electrons and hydrogen 
C) Attachment of a phosphate group with a high-energy bond 
D) An excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) Part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)By binding a regulatory molecule, it allows a metabolic reaction to proceed
G)Affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)Important energy currency in metabolism
I)Enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)A measure of the amount of energy that has been diffused from a concentrated form of energy within a system

Question 2

Which of the following is a form of active transport?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osmosis 
B)  Facilitated diffusion 
C)  Simple diffusion 
D)  Sodium-potassium pump 
E)  Glucose transporter 
A)  Osmosis 
B)  Facilitated diffusion 
C)  Simple diffusion 
D)  Sodium-potassium pump 
E)  Glucose transporter

Question 3

Four of the following statements are true regarding facilitated diffusion.Which one is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It requires a transport protein. 
B)  Movement follows the concentration gradient of the substance. 
C)  It can occur through a permanently open channel. 
D)  It requires ATP. 
E)  The transported substance and the transport protein are usually specific to each other. 
A)  It requires a transport protein. 
B)  Movement follows the concentration gradient of the substance. 
C)  It can occur through a permanently open channel. 
D)  It requires ATP. 
E)  The transported substance and the transport protein are usually specific to each other.

Question 4

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Activation energy

Accepted Answer

A) Amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) Coenzyme that can accept electrons and hydrogen 
C) Attachment of a phosphate group with a high-energy bond 
D) An excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) Part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)By binding a regulatory molecule, it allows a metabolic reaction to proceed
G)Affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)Important energy currency in metabolism
I)Enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)A measure of the amount of energy that has been diffused from a concentrated form of energy within a system 
A) Amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) Coenzyme that can accept electrons and hydrogen 
C) Attachment of a phosphate group with a high-energy bond 
D) An excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) Part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)By binding a regulatory molecule, it allows a metabolic reaction to proceed
G)Affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)Important energy currency in metabolism
I)Enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)A measure of the amount of energy that has been diffused from a concentrated form of energy within a system

Question 5

CO2 and H2O will not form glucose on their own because ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 does not contain sufficient energy 
B)  H2O does not contain sufficient energy 
C)  neither CO2 nor H2O contain sufficient energy 
D)  the concentration of CO2 is too low in the atmosphere 
E)  the bonds of CO2 and H2O are too stable to be broken without an input of energy 
A)  CO2 does not contain sufficient energy 
B)  H2O does not contain sufficient energy 
C)  neither CO2 nor H2O contain sufficient energy 
D)  the concentration of CO2 is too low in the atmosphere 
E)  the bonds of CO2 and H2O are too stable to be broken without an input of energy

Question 6

Classification. The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following questions by selecting the correct term.
-Spontaneous movement of molecules

Accepted Answer

A) Diffusion 
B) Hypertonic 
C) Hypotonic 
D) Isotonic 
E) Osmosis
F)Osmotic pressure
G)Turgor 
A) Diffusion 
B) Hypertonic 
C) Hypotonic 
D) Isotonic 
E) Osmosis
F)Osmotic pressure
G)Turgor

Question 7

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Phosphorylation

Accepted Answer

A) Amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) Coenzyme that can accept electrons and hydrogen 
C) Attachment of a phosphate group with a high-energy bond 
D) An excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) Part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)By binding a regulatory molecule, it allows a metabolic reaction to proceed
G)Affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)Important energy currency in metabolism
I)Enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)A measure of the amount of energy that has been diffused from a concentrated form of energy within a system 
A) Amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) Coenzyme that can accept electrons and hydrogen 
C) Attachment of a phosphate group with a high-energy bond 
D) An excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) Part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)By binding a regulatory molecule, it allows a metabolic reaction to proceed
G)Affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)Important energy currency in metabolism
I)Enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)A measure of the amount of energy that has been diffused from a concentrated form of energy within a system

Question 8

The figure above represents ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  an exergonic reaction 
B)  a metabolic pathway 
C)  allosteric inhibition 
D)  allosteric regulation 
E)  an endergonic reaction 
A)  an exergonic reaction 
B)  a metabolic pathway 
C)  allosteric inhibition 
D)  allosteric regulation 
E)  an endergonic reaction

Question 9

A "high-energy bond" in ATP ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  absorbs a large amount of free energy when the phosphate group is attached during hydrolysis 
B)  is formed when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and one phosphate group 
C)  is similar to the bonds in glucose molecules 
D)  forms as part of an endergonic reaction 
E)  cannot be readily used in reactions 
A)  absorbs a large amount of free energy when the phosphate group is attached during hydrolysis 
B)  is formed when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and one phosphate group 
C)  is similar to the bonds in glucose molecules 
D)  forms as part of an endergonic reaction 
E)  cannot be readily used in reactions

Question 10

During the process of phosphorylation,____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a molecule gains a phosphate group 
B)  a molecule synthesizes a phosphate group 
C)  molecules become more stable 
D)  molecules are passed to enzymes 
E)  ADP is produced from ATP 
A)  a molecule gains a phosphate group 
B)  a molecule synthesizes a phosphate group 
C)  molecules become more stable 
D)  molecules are passed to enzymes 
E)  ADP is produced from ATP

Question 11

Integral proteins that span the entire bilayer are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  receptor proteins 
B)  integral proteins 
C)  adhesion proteins 
D)  transmembrane proteins 
E)  monotopic proteins 
A)  receptor proteins 
B)  integral proteins 
C)  adhesion proteins 
D)  transmembrane proteins 
E)  monotopic proteins

Question 12

Classification. The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following questions by selecting the correct term.
-Fluid with a low solute concentration relative to another fluid

Accepted Answer

A) Diffusion 
B) Hypertonic 
C) Hypotonic 
D) Isotonic 
E) Osmosis
F)Osmotic pressure
G)Turgor 
A) Diffusion 
B) Hypertonic 
C) Hypotonic 
D) Isotonic 
E) Osmosis
F)Osmotic pressure
G)Turgor

Question 13

Classification. The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following questions by selecting the correct term.
-Pressure that prevents the movement of water into a cell despite a hypotonic internal environment

Accepted Answer

A) Diffusion 
B) Hypertonic 
C) Hypotonic 
D) Isotonic 
E) Osmosis
F)Osmotic pressure
G)Turgor 
A) Diffusion 
B) Hypertonic 
C) Hypotonic 
D) Isotonic 
E) Osmosis
F)Osmotic pressure
G)Turgor

Question 14

What method of movement requires the expenditure of ATP molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  Simple diffusion 
B)  Facilitated diffusion 
C)  Osmosis 
D)  Active transport 
E)  Bulk flow 
A)  Simple diffusion 
B)  Facilitated diffusion 
C)  Osmosis 
D)  Active transport 
E)  Bulk flow

Question 15

Classification. The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following questions by selecting the correct term.
-Fluid with the same solute concentration relative to another fluid

Accepted Answer

A) Diffusion 
B) Hypertonic 
C) Hypotonic 
D) Isotonic 
E) Osmosis
F)Osmotic pressure
G)Turgor 
A) Diffusion 
B) Hypertonic 
C) Hypotonic 
D) Isotonic 
E) Osmosis
F)Osmotic pressure
G)Turgor

Question 16

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Active site

Accepted Answer

A) Amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) Coenzyme that can accept electrons and hydrogen 
C) Attachment of a phosphate group with a high-energy bond 
D) An excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) Part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)By binding a regulatory molecule, it allows a metabolic reaction to proceed
G)Affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)Important energy currency in metabolism
I)Enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)A measure of the amount of energy that has been diffused from a concentrated form of energy within a system 
A) Amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) Coenzyme that can accept electrons and hydrogen 
C) Attachment of a phosphate group with a high-energy bond 
D) An excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) Part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)By binding a regulatory molecule, it allows a metabolic reaction to proceed
G)Affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)Important energy currency in metabolism
I)Enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)A measure of the amount of energy that has been diffused from a concentrated form of energy within a system

Question 17

The loss of an electron by a molecule is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The loss of an electron by a...

Question 18

Endergonic reactions ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  result in products with less energy than the reactants 
B)  require a net input of energy 
C)  occur in the breakdown of glucose 
D)  are used by cells to provide energy for biological reactions 
E)  break down large molecules into smaller molecules 
A)  result in products with less energy than the reactants 
B)  require a net input of energy 
C)  occur in the breakdown of glucose 
D)  are used by cells to provide energy for biological reactions 
E)  break down large molecules into smaller molecules

Question 19

Enzymes that are switched on by adding a phosphate group at a site away from the active site exhibit _____________________regulation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Enzymes that are switched on by adding...

Question 20

Allosteric enzymes ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  have regions that bind with inhibitor or activator molecules 
B)  are associated with important energy-carrying nucleotides 
C)  are not affected by temperature or pH 
D)  have two active sites 
E)  have a broader range of working conditions 
A)  have regions that bind with inhibitor or activator molecules 
B)  are associated with important energy-carrying nucleotides 
C)  are not affected by temperature or pH 
D)  have two active sites 
E)  have a broader range of working conditions

Exam 5: Ground Rules of Metabolism

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Adenosine triphosphate

Which of the following is a form of active transport?

Four of the following statements are true regarding facilitated diffusion.Which one is false?

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Activation energy

CO2 and H2O will not form glucose on their own because ____.

Classification. The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following questions by selecting the correct term. -Spontaneous movement of molecules

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Phosphorylation

The figure above represents ____.

A "high-energy bond" in ATP ____.

During the process of phosphorylation,____.

Integral proteins that span the entire bilayer are called _____.

Classification. The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following questions by selecting the correct term. -Fluid with a low solute concentration relative to another fluid

Classification. The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following questions by selecting the correct term. -Pressure that prevents the movement of water into a cell despite a hypotonic internal environment

What method of movement requires the expenditure of ATP molecules?

Classification. The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following questions by selecting the correct term. -Fluid with the same solute concentration relative to another fluid

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Active site

The loss of an electron by a molecule is called ____________________.

Endergonic reactions ____.

Enzymes that are switched on by adding a phosphate group at a site away from the active site exhibit _____________________regulation.

Allosteric enzymes ____.

Invitation to Biology

Life's Chemical Bases

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Where it Starts—Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizing Information about Species

Life's Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates

Animal Evolution: The Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive System

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

CO₂ and H₂O will not form glucose on their own because ____.