Question 1

The strongest scientific evidence for a claim about behavior and mental processes

Accepted Answer

A)  is consistent with common sense or intuition. 
B)  comes from converging findings from different studies. 
C)  is one that is published in a prestigious psychology journal. 
D)  shows the behavior to be the result of a single factor. 
A)  is consistent with common sense or intuition. 
B)  comes from converging findings from different studies. 
C)  is one that is published in a prestigious psychology journal. 
D)  shows the behavior to be the result of a single factor.

Question 2

Data fabrication,plagiarism,and failure to acknowledge individuals who contributed to a research project

Accepted Answer

A)  reflect the social and cultural context in which scientists conduct their work. 
B)  are behaviors that happen less often than people think. 
C)  represent violations of scientific integrity. 
D)  are easy to detect in research reports. 
A)  reflect the social and cultural context in which scientists conduct their work. 
B)  are behaviors that happen less often than people think. 
C)  represent violations of scientific integrity. 
D)  are easy to detect in research reports.

Question 3

At the end of the 19th century,the young field of psychology was a subdiscipline of

Accepted Answer

A)  medicine. 
B)  neuroscience. 
C)  philosophy. 
D)  theology. 
A)  medicine. 
B)  neuroscience. 
C)  philosophy. 
D)  theology.

Question 4

A key factor when "thinking like a researcher" is to

Accepted Answer

A)  use common sense. 
B)  rely on intuition. 
C)  be skeptical. 
D)  trust human inference. 
A)  use common sense. 
B)  rely on intuition. 
C)  be skeptical. 
D)  trust human inference.

Question 5

One way that psychologists avoid ethnocentric bias is to

Accepted Answer

A)  conduct cross-cultural research. 
B)  examine the role of agency in human behavior. 
C)  seek research participants who are "WEIRDOs." 
D)  conduct research on the Internet. 
A)  conduct cross-cultural research. 
B)  examine the role of agency in human behavior. 
C)  seek research participants who are "WEIRDOs." 
D)  conduct research on the Internet.

Question 6

Violations of scientific integrity include

Accepted Answer

A)  using animals in research, misusing research funds, and deceiving participants in a research project. 
B)  fabricating data, reporting only the data that support the researcher's expectations, and failure to acknowledge people who contributed significantly to the research. 
C)  plagiarism, selective reporting of research findings, and using number of scientific publications to make decisions about professional advancement. 
D)  all of these 
A)  using animals in research, misusing research funds, and deceiving participants in a research project. 
B)  fabricating data, reporting only the data that support the researcher's expectations, and failure to acknowledge people who contributed significantly to the research. 
C)  plagiarism, selective reporting of research findings, and using number of scientific publications to make decisions about professional advancement. 
D)  all of these

Question 7

The ethical principles for research developed by the American Psychological Association

Accepted Answer

A)  guide researchers regarding the ethical dilemmas that occur with human and animal research subjects. 
B)  forbid the use of animals in research investigations. 
C)  state that researchers may never deceive research participants about the nature of the investigation. 
D)  all of these 
A)  guide researchers regarding the ethical dilemmas that occur with human and animal research subjects. 
B)  forbid the use of animals in research investigations. 
C)  state that researchers may never deceive research participants about the nature of the investigation. 
D)  all of these

Question 8

When researchers fail to recognize how their own cultural experiences and values influence their interpretations of behavior observed in other cultures,what problem is said to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  egotistical bias 
B)  multimethod bias 
C)  ethnocentric bias 
D)  nomothetic bias 
A)  egotistical bias 
B)  multimethod bias 
C)  ethnocentric bias 
D)  nomothetic bias

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the historical context of psychology is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  By investigating a wide array of topics over time, psychologists have demonstrated the complexity of human behavior. 
B)  The theoretical perspective of behaviorism has dominated the science of psychology since its inception. 
C)  Topics and theoretical perspectives have changed very little in more than 100 years of psychological research. 
D)  Only a few key scientists have contributed important findings to the science of psychology. 
A)  By investigating a wide array of topics over time, psychologists have demonstrated the complexity of human behavior. 
B)  The theoretical perspective of behaviorism has dominated the science of psychology since its inception. 
C)  Topics and theoretical perspectives have changed very little in more than 100 years of psychological research. 
D)  Only a few key scientists have contributed important findings to the science of psychology.

Question 10

A researcher's findings are criticized in the media because the findings are regarded as unacceptable to members of Congress.The research program is suspended.This is an example of the ____________ context of science.

Accepted Answer

A)  historical 
B)  social-cultural 
C)  ethical 
D)  ethnocentric 
A)  historical 
B)  social-cultural 
C)  ethical 
D)  ethnocentric

Question 11

Identify two reasons why it is important to go to the original source "i.e.,a research report" when evaluating a media report of psychological findings.

Accepted Answer

Based on a media report,it is very diffi

Question 12

A researcher interested in aggression told participants his experiment investigated whether paying attention to details would affect how things taste.One group of participants wrote down details from a 5-minute violent gun scene.The second group of participants wrote details while watching a high-speed car chase.Afterward,participants tasted and rated a sample of water with a drop of hot sauce in it as a measure of "taste sensitivity." They were then asked to prepare a sample of water for the next participant,and could put in as much hot sauce as they wanted.There was no "next participant;" the amount of hot sauce was a measure of aggression.The researcher predicted participants who watched the violent gun scene would add more hot sauce.The ethical issue most relevant to this experiment is

Accepted Answer

A)  asking participants to write details about movie scenes. 
B)  deception. 
C)  using hot sauce as a measure of aggression. 
D)  cross-cultural bias. 
A)  asking participants to write details about movie scenes. 
B)  deception. 
C)  using hot sauce as a measure of aggression. 
D)  cross-cultural bias.

Question 13

An important factor in the advancement of cognitive psychology during the 20th century was the

Accepted Answer

A)  development of brain imaging techniques. 
B)  award of the Nobel Prize to several important psychologists. 
C)  shift from spiritualism to behaviorism. 
D)  computer revolution. 
A)  development of brain imaging techniques. 
B)  award of the Nobel Prize to several important psychologists. 
C)  shift from spiritualism to behaviorism. 
D)  computer revolution.

Question 14

The social-cultural context in which research takes places influences psychological research by affecting

Accepted Answer

A)  the change in theoretical perspectives from behaviorism to cognitive psychology. 
B)  the moral integrity of individual researchers. 
C)  the resources available for psychological research. 
D)  all of these 
A)  the change in theoretical perspectives from behaviorism to cognitive psychology. 
B)  the moral integrity of individual researchers. 
C)  the resources available for psychological research. 
D)  all of these

Question 15

The "multimethod approach" to research in psychology refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  many questionnaires researchers use to measure people's attitudes and opinions. 
B)  historical, social-cultural, and moral context of research. 
C)  multiple theoretical perspectives within psychology, including behaviorism and cognitive psychology. 
D)  multiple strategies available to psychologists to answer research questions. 
A)  many questionnaires researchers use to measure people's attitudes and opinions. 
B)  historical, social-cultural, and moral context of research. 
C)  multiple theoretical perspectives within psychology, including behaviorism and cognitive psychology. 
D)  multiple strategies available to psychologists to answer research questions.

Question 16

According to some clinical psychologists,the practice of present-day clinical psychology

Accepted Answer

A)  relies too heavily on personal experience rather than empirically-supported treatments. 
B)  resembles the pre-scientific medical practice that took place in the 1800s and early 1900s. 
C)  does not make use of the latest scientific findings from psychological research. 
D)  all of these 
A)  relies too heavily on personal experience rather than empirically-supported treatments. 
B)  resembles the pre-scientific medical practice that took place in the 1800s and early 1900s. 
C)  does not make use of the latest scientific findings from psychological research. 
D)  all of these

Question 17

When using an empirical approach,psychologists focus on

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviors and experiences that can be observed directly. 
B)  questions concerning sensation and perception. 
C)  using computers and other technology to understand people. 
D)  building an "empire" of psychological researchers around the world using the Internet. 
A)  behaviors and experiences that can be observed directly. 
B)  questions concerning sensation and perception. 
C)  using computers and other technology to understand people. 
D)  building an "empire" of psychological researchers around the world using the Internet.

Question 18

In order to make decisions about ethical dilemmas in research,psychologists consult

Accepted Answer

A)  their attorneys. 
B)  the psychological research literature related to their topic. 
C)  the local, state, and federal agencies most relevant to their work. 
D)  the American Psychological Association's ethical principles. 
A)  their attorneys. 
B)  the psychological research literature related to their topic. 
C)  the local, state, and federal agencies most relevant to their work. 
D)  the American Psychological Association's ethical principles.

Question 19

The most important characteristic of the scientific method is the

Accepted Answer

A)  computer revolution. 
B)  empirical approach. 
C)  common-sense approach. 
D)  cognitive approach. 
A)  computer revolution. 
B)  empirical approach. 
C)  common-sense approach. 
D)  cognitive approach.

Question 20

Identify two ways in which psychological science takes place in a moral context,and the resource that psychologists use to guide the moral conduct of their research.

Accepted Answer

The first way that psychological science

The strongest scientific evidence for a claim about behavior and mental processes

Data fabrication,plagiarism,and failure to acknowledge individuals who contributed to a research project

At the end of the 19^th century,the young field of psychology was a subdiscipline of

A key factor when "thinking like a researcher" is to

One way that psychologists avoid ethnocentric bias is to

Violations of scientific integrity include

The ethical principles for research developed by the American Psychological Association

When researchers fail to recognize how their own cultural experiences and values influence their interpretations of behavior observed in other cultures,what problem is said to occur?

Which of the following statements about the historical context of psychology is true?

A researcher's findings are criticized in the media because the findings are regarded as unacceptable to members of Congress.The research program is suspended.This is an example of the ____________ context of science.

Identify two reasons why it is important to go to the original source "i.e.,a research report" when evaluating a media report of psychological findings.

An important factor in the advancement of cognitive psychology during the 20^th century was the

The social-cultural context in which research takes places influences psychological research by affecting

The "multimethod approach" to research in psychology refers to the

According to some clinical psychologists,the practice of present-day clinical psychology

When using an empirical approach,psychologists focus on

In order to make decisions about ethical dilemmas in research,psychologists consult

The most important characteristic of the scientific method is the

Identify two ways in which psychological science takes place in a moral context,and the resource that psychologists use to guide the moral conduct of their research.

The Scientific Method

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Survey Research

Independent Groups Designs

Repeated Measures Designs

Complex Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Idescribing Data, confidence Intervals, correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Iitests of Statistical Significance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction

The strongest scientific evidence for a claim about behavior and mental processes

Data fabrication,plagiarism,and failure to acknowledge individuals who contributed to a research project

At the end of the 19th century,the young field of psychology was a subdiscipline of

A key factor when "thinking like a researcher" is to

One way that psychologists avoid ethnocentric bias is to

Violations of scientific integrity include

The ethical principles for research developed by the American Psychological Association

When researchers fail to recognize how their own cultural experiences and values influence their interpretations of behavior observed in other cultures,what problem is said to occur?

Which of the following statements about the historical context of psychology is true?

A researcher's findings are criticized in the media because the findings are regarded as unacceptable to members of Congress.The research program is suspended.This is an example of the ____________ context of science.

Identify two reasons why it is important to go to the original source "i.e.,a research report" when evaluating a media report of psychological findings.

An important factor in the advancement of cognitive psychology during the 20th century was the

The social-cultural context in which research takes places influences psychological research by affecting

The "multimethod approach" to research in psychology refers to the

According to some clinical psychologists,the practice of present-day clinical psychology

When using an empirical approach,psychologists focus on

In order to make decisions about ethical dilemmas in research,psychologists consult

The most important characteristic of the scientific method is the

Identify two ways in which psychological science takes place in a moral context,and the resource that psychologists use to guide the moral conduct of their research.

The Scientific Method

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Survey Research

Independent Groups Designs

Repeated Measures Designs

Complex Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Idescribing Data, confidence Intervals, correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Iitests of Statistical Significance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

Filters

At the end of the 19^th century,the young field of psychology was a subdiscipline of

An important factor in the advancement of cognitive psychology during the 20^th century was the