Question 1

Given the following specific heats and that each sample had the same mass, which of the following materials would cool the slowest?

Accepted Answer

A) ammonia, 4.70 J/(g°
C)  
B) water, 4.184 J/(g°
C)  
C) aluminum, 0.90 J/(g°
C)  
D) silver, 0.24 J/(g°
C)  
E) All cool at the same rate. 
A) ammonia, 4.70 J/(g°
C)  
B) water, 4.184 J/(g°
C)  
C) aluminum, 0.90 J/(g°
C)  
D) silver, 0.24 J/(g°
C)  
E) All cool at the same rate.

Question 2

What is the leading cause of surface tension in water?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonding 
B) ion-dipole interactions 
C) solvation 
D) evaporation 
A) hydrogen bonding 
B) ion-dipole interactions 
C) solvation 
D) evaporation

Question 3

Which of the above liquids would most likely have the least capillary action?

Accepted Answer

A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e 
A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e

Question 4

If an evaporating liquid cools, then does something else warm? If so, what?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, the surrounding atmosphere is warmed. 
B) All around, evaporation is a cooling process. Nothing is warmed by the process of evaporation. 
C) The glass that contains the liquid is warmed. 
D) The molecules that escape the liquid are still moving more quickly than those in the surrounding air, but the temperature is not effected by them. 
A) Yes, the surrounding atmosphere is warmed. 
B) All around, evaporation is a cooling process. Nothing is warmed by the process of evaporation. 
C) The glass that contains the liquid is warmed. 
D) The molecules that escape the liquid are still moving more quickly than those in the surrounding air, but the temperature is not effected by them.

Question 5

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between temperature and heat?

Accepted Answer

A) Heat and temperature are the same thing. 
B) It always takes the same amount of heat energy to change the temperature of a compound. 
C) Materials of different composition adsorb and release heat the same way. 
D) Materials have the same capacity for storing heat energy. 
E) none of the above 
A) Heat and temperature are the same thing. 
B) It always takes the same amount of heat energy to change the temperature of a compound. 
C) Materials of different composition adsorb and release heat the same way. 
D) Materials have the same capacity for storing heat energy. 
E) none of the above

Question 6

Which of the above liquids would most likely have the greatest capillary action?

Accepted Answer

A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e 
A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e

Question 7

Relative to pure water, an aqueous sugar solution ________.

Accepted Answer

A) has a lower freezing point because crystal formation is inhibited by the sugar molecules 
B) has the same freezing point because most of the solution is water molecules 
C) has a higher freezing point because crystal formation is promoted by the sugar molecules 
D) has a lower freezing point because crystal formation is promoted by the sugar molecules 
E) has a higher freezing point because crystal formation is inhibited by the sugar molecules 
A) has a lower freezing point because crystal formation is inhibited by the sugar molecules 
B) has the same freezing point because most of the solution is water molecules 
C) has a higher freezing point because crystal formation is promoted by the sugar molecules 
D) has a lower freezing point because crystal formation is promoted by the sugar molecules 
E) has a higher freezing point because crystal formation is inhibited by the sugar molecules

Question 8

Describe what happens to an ice cube and some water at 0°C if you increase the rate of water formation?

Accepted Answer

A) The ice cube melts. 
B) Nothing, ice and water at 0°C is stable indefinitely. 
C) The ice cube increases in size. 
D) The rate of ice formation also increases. 
E) none of the above 
A) The ice cube melts. 
B) Nothing, ice and water at 0°C is stable indefinitely. 
C) The ice cube increases in size. 
D) The rate of ice formation also increases. 
E) none of the above

Question 9

What normally describes what happens when you decrease the temperature of water?

Accepted Answer

A) The molecules start to vibrate and move farther apart, increasing the density. 
B) The molecules start to vibrate and move closer together, increasing the density. 
C) The molecular vibrations start to slow and the molecules move farther apart, decreasing the density. 
D) The molecular vibrations start to slow and the molecules move closer together, increasing the density. 
E) none of the above 
A) The molecules start to vibrate and move farther apart, increasing the density. 
B) The molecules start to vibrate and move closer together, increasing the density. 
C) The molecular vibrations start to slow and the molecules move farther apart, decreasing the density. 
D) The molecular vibrations start to slow and the molecules move closer together, increasing the density. 
E) none of the above

Question 10

It is important to protect water pipes in your home from freezing because ________.

Accepted Answer

A) freezing water will scrape the lining from the insides of the pipes 
B) water expands more than the pipe material, which will fracture the pipes if water in them freezes 
C) blocked water behind the frozen ice will build up pressure and will burst the pipes 
D) the ice will promote serious erosion of the pipe material 
E) all of the above 
A) freezing water will scrape the lining from the insides of the pipes 
B) water expands more than the pipe material, which will fracture the pipes if water in them freezes 
C) blocked water behind the frozen ice will build up pressure and will burst the pipes 
D) the ice will promote serious erosion of the pipe material 
E) all of the above

Question 11

How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 1.00 gram of water from absolute zero,   , to   ?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.30 ×   joules 
B) 373 joules 
C) 1.56 ×   joules 
D) 2.26 ×   joules 
A) 1.30 ×   joules 
B) 373 joules 
C) 1.56 ×   joules 
D) 2.26 ×   joules

Question 12

Why does a paper clip float when placed on water?

Accepted Answer

A) It is lighter than water. 
B) It is less dense than water. 
C) It only floats on dense, cold water. 
D) The molecules of water hold together and keep it from sinking. 
A) It is lighter than water. 
B) It is less dense than water. 
C) It only floats on dense, cold water. 
D) The molecules of water hold together and keep it from sinking.

Question 13

Why is it that in cold winters a tub of water placed in a farmer's canning cellar helps prevent canned food from freezing?

Accepted Answer

A) As long as the water remains in the liquid phase, evaporation will give off heat to the cellar. 
B) If the canned goods are in the tub of water, molecular interactions will keep them from freezing. 
C) The cold in the cellar is consumed by freezing the water, not the canned goods. 
D) The continual release of energy by the freezing water keeps the temperature of the cellar from going below 0°C. 
A) As long as the water remains in the liquid phase, evaporation will give off heat to the cellar. 
B) If the canned goods are in the tub of water, molecular interactions will keep them from freezing. 
C) The cold in the cellar is consumed by freezing the water, not the canned goods. 
D) The continual release of energy by the freezing water keeps the temperature of the cellar from going below 0°C.

Question 14

Does putting a lid over a pot of water on a stove shorten the time it takes for the water to come to a boil? After the water is boiling, does use of the lid shorten the cooking time of food?

Accepted Answer

A) No, the boiling point of water is always 100°C, so the lid would have no effect on how long it takes for water to reach that temperature. however, food cooks faster with a lid because heat is held inside the pot. 
B) Yes, since the pressure is increased under the lid the boiling temperature is lower; however, after the water boils, the increased pressure would prevent gas bubbles from escaping so the food cooks in about the same amount of time as without a lid. 
C) Yes, the trapped heat quickens boiling; the lid also increases pressure on the boiling water which raises its boiling temperature, cooking food in a shorter time. 
D) No, it takes longer to boil the water because the increased pressure in the pot raises water's boiling point. Food will cook faster because the temperature of the water is higher. 
A) No, the boiling point of water is always 100°C, so the lid would have no effect on how long it takes for water to reach that temperature. however, food cooks faster with a lid because heat is held inside the pot. 
B) Yes, since the pressure is increased under the lid the boiling temperature is lower; however, after the water boils, the increased pressure would prevent gas bubbles from escaping so the food cooks in about the same amount of time as without a lid. 
C) Yes, the trapped heat quickens boiling; the lid also increases pressure on the boiling water which raises its boiling temperature, cooking food in a shorter time. 
D) No, it takes longer to boil the water because the increased pressure in the pot raises water's boiling point. Food will cook faster because the temperature of the water is higher.

Question 15

Mercury forms a convex meniscus with glass and not the concave meniscus formed by water. What does this tell you about the cohesive forces within mercury versus the adhesive forces between mercury and glass?

Accepted Answer

A) Mercury sticks to itself (adhesive forces)better than it sticks to the glass (cohesive forces). 
B) The cohesive forces of the glass repel the mercury. 
C) Mercury sticks to itself (cohesive forces)better than it sticks to the glass (adhesive forces). 
D) The adhesive forces of the glass attract the mercury. 
A) Mercury sticks to itself (adhesive forces)better than it sticks to the glass (cohesive forces). 
B) The cohesive forces of the glass repel the mercury. 
C) Mercury sticks to itself (cohesive forces)better than it sticks to the glass (adhesive forces). 
D) The adhesive forces of the glass attract the mercury.

Question 16

Water coming out of volcanic sea vents at the bottom of the ocean can reach temperatures in excess of 300°C without boiling. How is this possible?

Accepted Answer

A) The heat is immediately transferred to the surrounding, very cold water. 
B) The heat is immediately transferred to the surrounding volcanic rock. 
C) The water and water vapor reach equilibrium under the extreme pressure of the ocean. 
D) The extreme pressure exerted by the miles of ocean water above prevent the formation of any bubbles of water vapor. 
A) The heat is immediately transferred to the surrounding, very cold water. 
B) The heat is immediately transferred to the surrounding volcanic rock. 
C) The water and water vapor reach equilibrium under the extreme pressure of the ocean. 
D) The extreme pressure exerted by the miles of ocean water above prevent the formation of any bubbles of water vapor.

Question 17

Can a glass be filled to above its brim with water without the water spilling over the edge?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, due to the strong cohesive forces between water molecules. 
B) Yes, due to the strong adhesive forces between water molecules. 
C) Yes, due to the strong cohesive forces of gravity keeping the water in the cup. 
D) No, it is just an optical illusion because water magnetizes things. 
A) Yes, due to the strong cohesive forces between water molecules. 
B) Yes, due to the strong adhesive forces between water molecules. 
C) Yes, due to the strong cohesive forces of gravity keeping the water in the cup. 
D) No, it is just an optical illusion because water magnetizes things.

Question 18

Why do ice skates work?

Accepted Answer

A) The pressure of the blades on the ice creates a temporary water layer. 
B) The pressure of the blades cuts a hole in the ice and water flows in. 
C) The blades are treated with a chemical that melts the ice temporarily, which creates a water layer. 
D) Ice is naturally slippery. 
A) The pressure of the blades on the ice creates a temporary water layer. 
B) The pressure of the blades cuts a hole in the ice and water flows in. 
C) The blades are treated with a chemical that melts the ice temporarily, which creates a water layer. 
D) Ice is naturally slippery.

Question 19

If Earth's oceans were fresh water, would fluctuations in global temperatures be more or less pronounced?

Accepted Answer

A) If the oceans were fresh water, fluctuations in global temperatures would be much more pronounced as can be witnessed by the melting of the polar ice caps to fresh water. 
B) If the oceans were fresh water, the oceans' specific heats would be greater and this would help towards moderating global temperatures. 
C) Fluctuations in global temperatures are not dependent on the ocean being salt water rather than fresh water. 
D) If the oceans were fresh water, both their densities and specific heats would decrease, thus having a more pronounced effect on fluctuations in global temperatures. 
A) If the oceans were fresh water, fluctuations in global temperatures would be much more pronounced as can be witnessed by the melting of the polar ice caps to fresh water. 
B) If the oceans were fresh water, the oceans' specific heats would be greater and this would help towards moderating global temperatures. 
C) Fluctuations in global temperatures are not dependent on the ocean being salt water rather than fresh water. 
D) If the oceans were fresh water, both their densities and specific heats would decrease, thus having a more pronounced effect on fluctuations in global temperatures.

Question 20

What happens to two water molecules after they come together to form a hydrogen bond-do they vibrate more rapidly or less rapidly?

Accepted Answer

A) Since the bonding of the two water molecules results in a loss of kinetic energy, the molecules would vibrate less rapidly. 
B) Since the bonding of the two water molecules results in an increase of kinetic energy, the molecules would vibrate more rapidly. 
C) Since the bonding of the two water molecules results in no change in kinetic energy, the vibration of the molecules does not change. 
D) The formation of the hydrogen bond stabilizes both molecules. The vibration rate is therefore less rapid. 
A) Since the bonding of the two water molecules results in a loss of kinetic energy, the molecules would vibrate less rapidly. 
B) Since the bonding of the two water molecules results in an increase of kinetic energy, the molecules would vibrate more rapidly. 
C) Since the bonding of the two water molecules results in no change in kinetic energy, the vibration of the molecules does not change. 
D) The formation of the hydrogen bond stabilizes both molecules. The vibration rate is therefore less rapid.

Given the following specific heats and that each sample had the same mass, which of the following materials would cool the slowest?

What is the leading cause of surface tension in water?

Which of the above liquids would most likely have the least capillary action?

If an evaporating liquid cools, then does something else warm? If so, what?

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between temperature and heat?

Which of the above liquids would most likely have the greatest capillary action?

Relative to pure water, an aqueous sugar solution ________.

Describe what happens to an ice cube and some water at 0°C if you increase the rate of water formation?

What normally describes what happens when you decrease the temperature of water?

It is important to protect water pipes in your home from freezing because ________.

How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 1.00 gram of water from absolute zero, , to ?

Why does a paper clip float when placed on water?

Why is it that in cold winters a tub of water placed in a farmer's canning cellar helps prevent canned food from freezing?

Does putting a lid over a pot of water on a stove shorten the time it takes for the water to come to a boil? After the water is boiling, does use of the lid shorten the cooking time of food?

Mercury forms a convex meniscus with glass and not the concave meniscus formed by water. What does this tell you about the cohesive forces within mercury versus the adhesive forces between mercury and glass?

Water coming out of volcanic sea vents at the bottom of the ocean can reach temperatures in excess of 300°C without boiling. How is this possible?

Can a glass be filled to above its brim with water without the water spilling over the edge?

Why do ice skates work?

If Earth's oceans were fresh water, would fluctuations in global temperatures be more or less pronounced?

What happens to two water molecules after they come together to form a hydrogen bond-do they vibrate more rapidly or less rapidly?

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

Subatomic Particles

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

Filters

Exam 8: How Water Behaves

Given the following specific heats and that each sample had the same mass, which of the following materials would cool the slowest?

What is the leading cause of surface tension in water?

Which of the above liquids would most likely have the least capillary action?

If an evaporating liquid cools, then does something else warm? If so, what?

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between temperature and heat?

Which of the above liquids would most likely have the greatest capillary action?

Relative to pure water, an aqueous sugar solution ________.

Describe what happens to an ice cube and some water at 0°C if you increase the rate of water formation?

What normally describes what happens when you decrease the temperature of water?

It is important to protect water pipes in your home from freezing because ________.

How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 1.00 gram of water from absolute zero, , to ?

Why does a paper clip float when placed on water?

Why is it that in cold winters a tub of water placed in a farmer's canning cellar helps prevent canned food from freezing?

Does putting a lid over a pot of water on a stove shorten the time it takes for the water to come to a boil? After the water is boiling, does use of the lid shorten the cooking time of food?

Mercury forms a convex meniscus with glass and not the concave meniscus formed by water. What does this tell you about the cohesive forces within mercury versus the adhesive forces between mercury and glass?

Water coming out of volcanic sea vents at the bottom of the ocean can reach temperatures in excess of 300°C without boiling. How is this possible?

Can a glass be filled to above its brim with water without the water spilling over the edge?

Why do ice skates work?

If Earth's oceans were fresh water, would fluctuations in global temperatures be more or less pronounced?

What happens to two water molecules after they come together to form a hydrogen bond-do they vibrate more rapidly or less rapidly?

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

Subatomic Particles

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

Filters