Question 1

From the diagram above describing the phase of water relative to temperature and pressure, at which point is water boiling?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) E

Question 2

To impart a hickory flavor to a roasted turkey, a cook places a pot of water containing hickory chips in an oven with the turkey. Why does the turkey take longer than expected to cook?

Accepted Answer

A) Much of the heat from the oven is consumed in changing the phase of the water. 
B) Because the turkey is being steamed instead of being baked. 
C) To get a hickory flavor, you need to roast the turkey for a long time at a low temperature. 
D) The wood of the hickory chips does not conduct heat very well. 
A) Much of the heat from the oven is consumed in changing the phase of the water. 
B) Because the turkey is being steamed instead of being baked. 
C) To get a hickory flavor, you need to roast the turkey for a long time at a low temperature. 
D) The wood of the hickory chips does not conduct heat very well.

Question 3

How does the combined volume of the billions and billions of hexagonal open spaces in the structures of ice crystals in a piece of ice compare to the portion of ice that floats above the water line?

Accepted Answer

A) They are the same. 
B) The volume of the open spaces is greater than the volume that extends above water. 
C) The volume of the open space is less than the volume that extends above water. 
D) The volumes are not related to each other. 
A) They are the same. 
B) The volume of the open spaces is greater than the volume that extends above water. 
C) The volume of the open space is less than the volume that extends above water. 
D) The volumes are not related to each other.

Question 4

Would fevers run higher or lower if water's specific heat were not so high?

Accepted Answer

A) With a lower specific heat, water would require a higher energy input to change its temperature. Our fevers, therefore, would run at a lower temperature. 
B) With a lower specific heat, water would gain a higher temperature for the same amount of energy input. Our fevers, therefore, would run at a higher temperature. 
C) A lower specific heat would not effect its ability to change waters temperature, so it would not have an effect on our fevers. 
D) With a lower specific heat, our bodies would evaporate (sweat)twice as much water, therefore our fevers would be lower. 
A) With a lower specific heat, water would require a higher energy input to change its temperature. Our fevers, therefore, would run at a lower temperature. 
B) With a lower specific heat, water would gain a higher temperature for the same amount of energy input. Our fevers, therefore, would run at a higher temperature. 
C) A lower specific heat would not effect its ability to change waters temperature, so it would not have an effect on our fevers. 
D) With a lower specific heat, our bodies would evaporate (sweat)twice as much water, therefore our fevers would be lower.

Question 5

Why does sweat cool you off?

Accepted Answer

A) The water molecules leaving the skin as vapor absorb the heat from your skin. 
B) The sweat glands require energy to produce water. 
C) The water molecules absorb the heat in your skin. 
D) Sweat has a large amount of kinetic energy and that makes it easy to evaporate. 
E) none of the above 
A) The water molecules leaving the skin as vapor absorb the heat from your skin. 
B) The sweat glands require energy to produce water. 
C) The water molecules absorb the heat in your skin. 
D) Sweat has a large amount of kinetic energy and that makes it easy to evaporate. 
E) none of the above

Question 6

Ice floats in room temperature water, but does it float in boiling water? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

A) As liquid water heats up and boils, it will become less dense, therefore the ice will sink. 
B) As water cools, it becomes more dense. When it freezes however, it becomes less dense as it forms ice crystals. Therefore, it will sink in boiling water, but float in water at room temperature. 
C) It is impossible to have ice in boiling water. 
D) If boiling water is less dense than ice, the ice cube should sink. 
A) As liquid water heats up and boils, it will become less dense, therefore the ice will sink. 
B) As water cools, it becomes more dense. When it freezes however, it becomes less dense as it forms ice crystals. Therefore, it will sink in boiling water, but float in water at room temperature. 
C) It is impossible to have ice in boiling water. 
D) If boiling water is less dense than ice, the ice cube should sink.

Question 7

As an ice cube floating in a glass of water melts, what happens to the water level?

Accepted Answer

A) The water level rises to the point where the ice floats above the water. 
B) As the ice melts, the water level does not change-the melting ice "caves in" and exactly fills the open spaces. 
C) The melting ice "caves in" and fills the open spaces-therefore the water level is lower after the ice melts. 
A) The water level rises to the point where the ice floats above the water. 
B) As the ice melts, the water level does not change-the melting ice "caves in" and exactly fills the open spaces. 
C) The melting ice "caves in" and fills the open spaces-therefore the water level is lower after the ice melts.

Question 8

Why does condensation have a tendency to raise the temperature of a liquid?

Accepted Answer

A) Water vapor molecules absorb kinetic energy when they slow and form liquid water. 
B) Because the liquid water absorbs the water vapor molecules. 
C) Condensation leads to slow moving molecules. 
D) Hydrogen bonding leads to a increase in the overall amount of kinetic energy in the water vapor. 
E) none of the above 
A) Water vapor molecules absorb kinetic energy when they slow and form liquid water. 
B) Because the liquid water absorbs the water vapor molecules. 
C) Condensation leads to slow moving molecules. 
D) Hydrogen bonding leads to a increase in the overall amount of kinetic energy in the water vapor. 
E) none of the above

Question 9

By how much will the temperature of 5.0 grams of water increase upon the addition of 230 joules of heat?

Accepted Answer

A) 46°C 
B) 11°C 
C) 5.6°C 
D) 14°C 
A) 46°C 
B) 11°C 
C) 5.6°C 
D) 14°C

Question 10

Water has a low specific heat because of its ________.

Accepted Answer

A) transparency 
B) density 
C) polarity 
D) phase 
E) Water actually has a high specific heat. 
A) transparency 
B) density 
C) polarity 
D) phase 
E) Water actually has a high specific heat.

Question 11

Consider a lake that is uniformly 10°C. What happens to the oxygen-rich surface water as it cools down to   ?

Accepted Answer

A) The oxygen gets squeezed out as the microcrystals form. 
B) Its rate of evaporation decreases which has the effect of increasing the oxygen concentration. 
C) It grows less dense and remains at the surface. 
D) It grows more dense and sinks towards the bottom. 
A) The oxygen gets squeezed out as the microcrystals form. 
B) Its rate of evaporation decreases which has the effect of increasing the oxygen concentration. 
C) It grows less dense and remains at the surface. 
D) It grows more dense and sinks towards the bottom.

Question 12

Suppose 4 g of water at 100°C is spread over a large surface so that 1 g evaporates rapidly. If evaporation of the 1 gram takes 2,259 joules from the remaining 3 g of water and no other heat transfer takes place, what are the temperature and phase of the remaining 3 g once the 1 gram is completely evaporated?

Accepted Answer

A) The remaining 3 g will turn to 10°C , liquid. 
B) The remaining 3 g will turn to 20°C liquid. 
C) The remaining 3 g will turn to -10°C ice. 
D) The remaining 3 g will turn to 0°C ice. 
A) The remaining 3 g will turn to 10°C , liquid. 
B) The remaining 3 g will turn to 20°C liquid. 
C) The remaining 3 g will turn to -10°C ice. 
D) The remaining 3 g will turn to 0°C ice.

Question 13

A great deal of heat is released when liquid water freezes. Why doesn't this heat simply remelt the ice?

Accepted Answer

A) Once the water is in crystalline formation, it takes even more energy to melt it. 
B) This heat is radiated outwards to the environment, rather than back into the ice. 
C) The heat is not concentrated enough to melt ice. 
D) There is not enough energy in the heat to melt ice. 
A) Once the water is in crystalline formation, it takes even more energy to melt it. 
B) This heat is radiated outwards to the environment, rather than back into the ice. 
C) The heat is not concentrated enough to melt ice. 
D) There is not enough energy in the heat to melt ice.

Question 14

For an ice/water mixture at 0°C, which is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The rate at which ice melts is faster. 
B) The rate at which water freezes is faster 
C) The rate at which ice melts and freezes are both equal. 
D) Ice always freezes at 0°C. 
E) Ice always melts at 0°C. 
A) The rate at which ice melts is faster. 
B) The rate at which water freezes is faster 
C) The rate at which ice melts and freezes are both equal. 
D) Ice always freezes at 0°C. 
E) Ice always melts at 0°C.

Question 15

Capillary action causes water to climb up the internal walls of narrow glass tubes. Why does the water not climb so high when the glass tube is wider?

Accepted Answer

A) The upper surface area is exposed to greater atmospheric pressure. 
B) A wider column of water weighs more. 
C) The water sticks better to the glass because of the greater surface area of contact. 
D) The greater rate of evaporation has the effect of pushing the water back downwards. 
A) The upper surface area is exposed to greater atmospheric pressure. 
B) A wider column of water weighs more. 
C) The water sticks better to the glass because of the greater surface area of contact. 
D) The greater rate of evaporation has the effect of pushing the water back downwards.

Question 16

Will wrapping a bottle in a wet cloth produce a cooler bottle than placing the bottle in a bucket of cold water?

Accepted Answer

A) The cloth of cold water will cool the bottled water down through the transfer of thermal energy to the cloth, and then insulate it from being warmed by the surrounding air. 
B) A bottle in a bucket of water will be cooler since the thermal energy is transferred to billions of water molecules in the bucket of water. 
C) A bottle wrapped in wet cloth will cool by the evaporation of liquid from the cloth. As evaporation progresses, the average temperature of the liquid left behind in the cloth can easily drop below the temperature of the cool water that wet it in the first place. 
D) The cloth can cool the bottle of water down, but only until it reaches the temperature a few degrees below the surrounding atmosphere. After that, evaporation and condensation will reach equilibrium between the cloth and air. 
A) The cloth of cold water will cool the bottled water down through the transfer of thermal energy to the cloth, and then insulate it from being warmed by the surrounding air. 
B) A bottle in a bucket of water will be cooler since the thermal energy is transferred to billions of water molecules in the bucket of water. 
C) A bottle wrapped in wet cloth will cool by the evaporation of liquid from the cloth. As evaporation progresses, the average temperature of the liquid left behind in the cloth can easily drop below the temperature of the cool water that wet it in the first place. 
D) The cloth can cool the bottle of water down, but only until it reaches the temperature a few degrees below the surrounding atmosphere. After that, evaporation and condensation will reach equilibrium between the cloth and air.

Question 17

Describe how a boiling liquid can be used to cool something (i.e., a refrigerator).

Accepted Answer

A) A low boiling liquid absorbs heat energy, dropping the temperature. 
B) As a liquid condenses, heat energy is required and the temperature drops. 
C) Heat energy is only used with solids like ice. 
D) Heat is used to convert vapor into a liquid, which is cooler than a gas. 
E) none of the above 
A) A low boiling liquid absorbs heat energy, dropping the temperature. 
B) As a liquid condenses, heat energy is required and the temperature drops. 
C) Heat energy is only used with solids like ice. 
D) Heat is used to convert vapor into a liquid, which is cooler than a gas. 
E) none of the above

Question 18

Why does ice form at the surface of a body of fresh water instead of at the bottom?

Accepted Answer

A) Initial freezing requires the presence of air in order to form the ice lattice, thus the surface water will become solid first. 
B) Intermolecular forces are greater at the surface allowing the surface molecules to form the solid phase more quickly. 
C) Water "near" the freezing point of 0°C is less dense than warmer water, and the colder water will "float" on the warmer water. This allows ice to form at the surface. 
D) All of the above are true. 
A) Initial freezing requires the presence of air in order to form the ice lattice, thus the surface water will become solid first. 
B) Intermolecular forces are greater at the surface allowing the surface molecules to form the solid phase more quickly. 
C) Water "near" the freezing point of 0°C is less dense than warmer water, and the colder water will "float" on the warmer water. This allows ice to form at the surface. 
D) All of the above are true.

Question 19

At the molecular level, when a piece of ice is slowly melting, water molecules are being ________.

Accepted Answer

A) adsorbed by the ice to form solid water 
B) released by the ice to form liquid water 
C) adsorbed by the ice to form liquid water 
D) released by the ice to form solid water 
E) both A and B 
A) adsorbed by the ice to form solid water 
B) released by the ice to form liquid water 
C) adsorbed by the ice to form liquid water 
D) released by the ice to form solid water 
E) both A and B

Question 20

Which of the following weather effects would not be attributed to water's high specific heat?

Accepted Answer

A) The winter in San Francisco is milder than the winter in Washington, D.C. 
B) The weather in Stockholm, Sweden (which is at the same latitude as Fairbanks, Alaska), is very mild. 
C) The temperature in the Mojave desert fluctuates wildly, being very hot during the day and very cold at night. 
D) Europe is much warmer than Canada. 
E) All of the above are due to water. 
A) The winter in San Francisco is milder than the winter in Washington, D.C. 
B) The weather in Stockholm, Sweden (which is at the same latitude as Fairbanks, Alaska), is very mild. 
C) The temperature in the Mojave desert fluctuates wildly, being very hot during the day and very cold at night. 
D) Europe is much warmer than Canada. 
E) All of the above are due to water.

From the diagram above describing the phase of water relative to temperature and pressure, at which point is water boiling?

To impart a hickory flavor to a roasted turkey, a cook places a pot of water containing hickory chips in an oven with the turkey. Why does the turkey take longer than expected to cook?

How does the combined volume of the billions and billions of hexagonal open spaces in the structures of ice crystals in a piece of ice compare to the portion of ice that floats above the water line?

Would fevers run higher or lower if water's specific heat were not so high?

Why does sweat cool you off?

Ice floats in room temperature water, but does it float in boiling water? Why or why not?

As an ice cube floating in a glass of water melts, what happens to the water level?

Why does condensation have a tendency to raise the temperature of a liquid?

By how much will the temperature of 5.0 grams of water increase upon the addition of 230 joules of heat?

Water has a low specific heat because of its ________.

Consider a lake that is uniformly 10°C. What happens to the oxygen-rich surface water as it cools down to ?

A great deal of heat is released when liquid water freezes. Why doesn't this heat simply remelt the ice?

For an ice/water mixture at 0°C, which is true?

Capillary action causes water to climb up the internal walls of narrow glass tubes. Why does the water not climb so high when the glass tube is wider?

Will wrapping a bottle in a wet cloth produce a cooler bottle than placing the bottle in a bucket of cold water?

Describe how a boiling liquid can be used to cool something (i.e., a refrigerator).

Why does ice form at the surface of a body of fresh water instead of at the bottom?

At the molecular level, when a piece of ice is slowly melting, water molecules are being ________.

Which of the following weather effects would not be attributed to water's high specific heat?

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

Subatomic Particles

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

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Exam 8: How Water Behaves

From the diagram above describing the phase of water relative to temperature and pressure, at which point is water boiling?

To impart a hickory flavor to a roasted turkey, a cook places a pot of water containing hickory chips in an oven with the turkey. Why does the turkey take longer than expected to cook?

How does the combined volume of the billions and billions of hexagonal open spaces in the structures of ice crystals in a piece of ice compare to the portion of ice that floats above the water line?

Would fevers run higher or lower if water's specific heat were not so high?

Why does sweat cool you off?

Ice floats in room temperature water, but does it float in boiling water? Why or why not?

As an ice cube floating in a glass of water melts, what happens to the water level?

Why does condensation have a tendency to raise the temperature of a liquid?

By how much will the temperature of 5.0 grams of water increase upon the addition of 230 joules of heat?

Water has a low specific heat because of its ________.

Consider a lake that is uniformly 10°C. What happens to the oxygen-rich surface water as it cools down to ?

A great deal of heat is released when liquid water freezes. Why doesn't this heat simply remelt the ice?

For an ice/water mixture at 0°C, which is true?

Capillary action causes water to climb up the internal walls of narrow glass tubes. Why does the water not climb so high when the glass tube is wider?

Will wrapping a bottle in a wet cloth produce a cooler bottle than placing the bottle in a bucket of cold water?

Describe how a boiling liquid can be used to cool something (i.e., a refrigerator).

Why does ice form at the surface of a body of fresh water instead of at the bottom?

At the molecular level, when a piece of ice is slowly melting, water molecules are being ________.

Which of the following weather effects would not be attributed to water's high specific heat?

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

Subatomic Particles

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

Filters