Question 1

What is one of the earliest signs of nephron damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  burning upon urination 
B)  extreme pain 
C)  albumin or formed elements in the urine 
D)  the absence of urination 
E)  edema 
A)  burning upon urination 
B)  extreme pain 
C)  albumin or formed elements in the urine 
D)  the absence of urination 
E)  edema

Question 2

The kidneys are much more powerful than the acid-base buffer and the respiratory center mechanisms in controlling blood pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

List the functions of the urinary system.

Accepted Answer

1.excretion of metabolic waste

Question 4

In CAPD,what serves as the dialysis membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  the walls of the blood vessels 
B)  a filter inside the instrument 
C)  the kidneys themselves 
D)  the peritoneum 
E)  the pleural membrane 
A)  the walls of the blood vessels 
B)  a filter inside the instrument 
C)  the kidneys themselves 
D)  the peritoneum 
E)  the pleural membrane

Question 5

The success rate for a kidney transplant from even a relative is fairly low.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Parts of the nephron are lined with epithelial cells containing large numbers of mitochondria to assist in diffusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

How is penicillin removed from the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration 
B)  tubular secretion 
C)  tubular reabsorption 
D)  phagocytosis 
E)  passive transport 
A)  glomerular filtration 
B)  tubular secretion 
C)  tubular reabsorption 
D)  phagocytosis 
E)  passive transport

Question 8

Each nephron has its own collecting duct.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Why does glucose appear in the urine of a diabetic?

Accepted Answer

A)  The volume of urine is too great to filter. 
B)  No glucose is filtered into the glomerular filtrate. 
C)  The kidneys produce glucose in diabetes. 
D)  The carriers for glucose reabsorption reach their maximum rate of transport. 
E)  The ascending limb of the loop of Henle secretes glucose into the urine. 
A)  The volume of urine is too great to filter. 
B)  No glucose is filtered into the glomerular filtrate. 
C)  The kidneys produce glucose in diabetes. 
D)  The carriers for glucose reabsorption reach their maximum rate of transport. 
E)  The ascending limb of the loop of Henle secretes glucose into the urine.

Question 10

The reabsorption of water in the kidneys always precedes the reabsorption of salt.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The renal pelvis is continuous with the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal cortex. 
B)  bladder. 
C)  urethra. 
D)  ureter. 
E)  nephrons. 
A)  renal cortex. 
B)  bladder. 
C)  urethra. 
D)  ureter. 
E)  nephrons.

Question 12

What effect does ANH have on renin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It inhibits its secretion. 
B)  It inhibits its production. 
C)  It promotes its secretion. 
D)  It promotes its production. 
E)  It produces additional hormones that accelerate the production of renin. 
A)  It inhibits its secretion. 
B)  It inhibits its production. 
C)  It promotes its secretion. 
D)  It promotes its production. 
E)  It produces additional hormones that accelerate the production of renin.

Question 13

Which of the following is considered a secondary or additional function of the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesis of vitamin D 
B)  excretion of metabolic wastes 
C)  secretion of hormones 
D)  maintenance of acid-base balance 
E)  maintenance of water-salt balance 
A)  synthesis of vitamin D 
B)  excretion of metabolic wastes 
C)  secretion of hormones 
D)  maintenance of acid-base balance 
E)  maintenance of water-salt balance

Question 14

The kidneys interact with every other organ system of the human body in maintaining homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which part of the nephron contains podocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  distal convoluted tubule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  ascending limb of loop 
D)  descending limb of loop 
E)  glomerular capsule 
A)  distal convoluted tubule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  ascending limb of loop 
D)  descending limb of loop 
E)  glomerular capsule

Question 16

What are the walls of a ureter composed of?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle and mucous membrane 
B)  mucous membrane and fibrous connective tissue 
C)  mucous membrane, smooth muscle, and fibrous connective tissue 
D)  skeletal muscle, fibrous connective tissue, and cartilage 
E)  fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, and mucous membrane 
A)  skeletal muscle and mucous membrane 
B)  mucous membrane and fibrous connective tissue 
C)  mucous membrane, smooth muscle, and fibrous connective tissue 
D)  skeletal muscle, fibrous connective tissue, and cartilage 
E)  fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, and mucous membrane

Question 17

Approximately 99% of the water that is filtered in the glomerulus is reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The urethra is controlled by two sphincters,one composed of smooth muscle and one composed of skeletal muscle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

How are excretion and defecation alike?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both are carried out by the urinary system. 
B)  Both eliminate waste from the body. 
C)  Both are carried out by the digestive system. 
D)  Both involve the kidneys. 
E)  Both involve the colon. 
A)  Both are carried out by the urinary system. 
B)  Both eliminate waste from the body. 
C)  Both are carried out by the digestive system. 
D)  Both involve the kidneys. 
E)  Both involve the colon.

Question 20

Which of the following is not a part of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cortex 
C)  medulla 
D)  pelvis 
E)  collecting ducts 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cortex 
C)  medulla 
D)  pelvis 
E)  collecting ducts

Exam 11: Urinary System

What is one of the earliest signs of nephron damage?

The kidneys are much more powerful than the acid-base buffer and the respiratory center mechanisms in controlling blood pH.

List the functions of the urinary system.

In CAPD,what serves as the dialysis membrane?

The success rate for a kidney transplant from even a relative is fairly low.

Parts of the nephron are lined with epithelial cells containing large numbers of mitochondria to assist in diffusion.

How is penicillin removed from the blood?

Each nephron has its own collecting duct.

Why does glucose appear in the urine of a diabetic?

The reabsorption of water in the kidneys always precedes the reabsorption of salt.

The renal pelvis is continuous with the

What effect does ANH have on renin?

Which of the following is considered a secondary or additional function of the urinary system?

The kidneys interact with every other organ system of the human body in maintaining homeostasis.

Which part of the nephron contains podocytes?

What are the walls of a ureter composed of?

Approximately 99% of the water that is filtered in the glomerulus is reabsorbed.

The urethra is controlled by two sphincters,one composed of smooth muscle and one composed of skeletal muscle.

How are excretion and defecation alike?

Which of the following is not a part of the kidney?

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