Question 1

Which molecule is secreted from the peritubular capillary network into the convoluted tubules?

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  salt 
C)  H+ 
D)  nutrients 
E)  plasma proteins 
A)  water 
B)  salt 
C)  H+ 
D)  nutrients 
E)  plasma proteins

Question 2

What is an infection of the urinary bladder called?

Accepted Answer

A)  cystitis 
B)  urethritis 
C)  pyelonephritis 
D)  hemodialysis 
E)  uremia 
A)  cystitis 
B)  urethritis 
C)  pyelonephritis 
D)  hemodialysis 
E)  uremia

Question 3

The collecting duct of the nephron originates in what region of the kidney and extends to what region of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  renal cortex to the renal medulla 
B)  renal cortex to the renal pelvis 
C)  renal medulla to the renal cortex 
D)  renal medulla to the renal pelvis 
E)  renal pelvis to the renal medulla 
A)  renal cortex to the renal medulla 
B)  renal cortex to the renal pelvis 
C)  renal medulla to the renal cortex 
D)  renal medulla to the renal pelvis 
E)  renal pelvis to the renal medulla

Question 4

In the analogy where the liver is like the sewage treatment plant,the kidneys are like

Accepted Answer

A)  the trucks that take the waste out of town. 
B)  the people who produce the waste. 
C)  trash cans where the waste is stored. 
D)  the trucks that carry the waste from the people who produce it to the treatment plant. 
E)  trucks that produce the waste. 
A)  the trucks that take the waste out of town. 
B)  the people who produce the waste. 
C)  trash cans where the waste is stored. 
D)  the trucks that carry the waste from the people who produce it to the treatment plant. 
E)  trucks that produce the waste.

Question 5

If you do not drink enough water,which hormone will the hypothalamus produce to regulate urine production?

Accepted Answer

A)  renin 
B)  ADH 
C)  ANH 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  diuretics 
A)  renin 
B)  ADH 
C)  ANH 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  diuretics

Question 6

Why does urine frequently have an acidic pH?

Accepted Answer

A)  The kidneys filter and excrete H+ from the blood. 
B)  The kidneys produce H+ in the process of filtering the blood. 
C)  The blood has an acidic pH and the kidneys produce urine similar to the pH of the blood. 
D)  There is a high concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the urine, making it highly acidic. 
E)  The kidneys absorb H+ ions and excrete bicarbonate ions. 
A)  The kidneys filter and excrete H+ from the blood. 
B)  The kidneys produce H+ in the process of filtering the blood. 
C)  The blood has an acidic pH and the kidneys produce urine similar to the pH of the blood. 
D)  There is a high concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the urine, making it highly acidic. 
E)  The kidneys absorb H+ ions and excrete bicarbonate ions.

Question 7

Less than 50% of which molecule is reabsorbed during tubular reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea 
B)  water 
C)  sodium 
D)  glucose 
E)  amino acids 
A)  urea 
B)  water 
C)  sodium 
D)  glucose 
E)  amino acids

Question 8

Place the parts of the nephron in order of how filtration would occur.
1)A cartilaginous model develops and becomes calcified during fetal development.
2)Osteoblasts cover the diaphysis with a compact bone collar.
3)Blood vessels bring osteoblasts into the cartilage.At the primary ossification center,osteoblasts form spongy bone.
4)The medullary cavity forms,the compact bone collar thickens and secondary ossification centers appear at the epiphyses.

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 3, 2, 1, 6, 5 
B)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 
C)  2, 1, 6, 4, 3, 5 
D)  1, 2, 4, 3, 6, 5 
E)  6, 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 
A)  4, 3, 2, 1, 6, 5 
B)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 
C)  2, 1, 6, 4, 3, 5 
D)  1, 2, 4, 3, 6, 5 
E)  6, 4, 1, 2, 3, 5

Question 9

Which of the following is not part of a nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular capsule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  collecting duct 
E)  ureter 
A)  glomerular capsule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  collecting duct 
E)  ureter

Question 10

Which part of the urinary system is shared with the reproductive system in males?

Accepted Answer

A)  bladder 
B)  ureters 
C)  kidneys 
D)  urethra 
E)  renal pelvis 
A)  bladder 
B)  ureters 
C)  kidneys 
D)  urethra 
E)  renal pelvis

Question 11

The kidneys are involved in the synthesis of vitamin D,and thereby assist with calcium homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What are the two ways substances are removed from the blood and added to the forming urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration and tubular secretion 
B)  glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption 
C)  tubular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
D)  glomerular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
E)  glomerular secretion and tubular secretion 
A)  glomerular filtration and tubular secretion 
B)  glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption 
C)  tubular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
D)  glomerular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
E)  glomerular secretion and tubular secretion

Question 13

What is located within the glomerular capsule?

Accepted Answer

A)  the renal cortex 
B)  the loop of Henle 
C)  several collecting ducts 
D)  a knot of capillaries 
E)  the peritubular capillary network 
A)  the renal cortex 
B)  the loop of Henle 
C)  several collecting ducts 
D)  a knot of capillaries 
E)  the peritubular capillary network

Question 14

Which substance is removed from the blood during tubular secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  H+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  aldosterone 
D)  water 
E)  Cl- 
A)  H+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  aldosterone 
D)  water 
E)  Cl-

Question 15

After running a marathon,it is best to drink water to restore what was lost due to heavy sweating.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

How many openings (inputs and outputs)are there in the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
E)  five 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
E)  five

Question 17

The kidneys help to maintain blood pressure by monitoring the pH of the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Tubular reabsorption requires both passive and active modes of reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following does not assist the kidneys in excretion of nitrogenous wastes?

Accepted Answer

A)  liver 
B)  sweat glands 
C)  muscles 
D)  blood 
E)  pancreas 
A)  liver 
B)  sweat glands 
C)  muscles 
D)  blood 
E)  pancreas

Question 20

Why is the dialysate continually replaced in hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  to maintain a favorable concentration gradient with the blood 
B)  because it is easily infected 
C)  because it enters the body and is absorbed 
D)  because it is lost by urination 
E)  because it biodegrades rapidly 
A)  to maintain a favorable concentration gradient with the blood 
B)  because it is easily infected 
C)  because it enters the body and is absorbed 
D)  because it is lost by urination 
E)  because it biodegrades rapidly

Exam 11: Urinary System

Which molecule is secreted from the peritubular capillary network into the convoluted tubules?

What is an infection of the urinary bladder called?

The collecting duct of the nephron originates in what region of the kidney and extends to what region of the kidney?

In the analogy where the liver is like the sewage treatment plant,the kidneys are like

If you do not drink enough water,which hormone will the hypothalamus produce to regulate urine production?

Why does urine frequently have an acidic pH?

Less than 50% of which molecule is reabsorbed during tubular reabsorption?

Which of the following is not part of a nephron?

Which part of the urinary system is shared with the reproductive system in males?

The kidneys are involved in the synthesis of vitamin D,and thereby assist with calcium homeostasis.

What are the two ways substances are removed from the blood and added to the forming urine?

What is located within the glomerular capsule?

Which substance is removed from the blood during tubular secretion?

After running a marathon,it is best to drink water to restore what was lost due to heavy sweating.

How many openings (inputs and outputs)are there in the urinary bladder?

The kidneys help to maintain blood pressure by monitoring the pH of the blood.

Tubular reabsorption requires both passive and active modes of reabsorption.

Which of the following does not assist the kidneys in excretion of nitrogenous wastes?

Why is the dialysate continually replaced in hemodialysis?

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