Question 1

Which of the following additions have been made to principles of the central dogma of biology?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA information cannot be converted into RNA information. 
B) Protein information can be converted into DNA information. 
C) RNA can be used to regulate gene function. 
D) DNA codes for proteins. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) DNA information cannot be converted into RNA information. 
B) Protein information can be converted into DNA information. 
C) RNA can be used to regulate gene function. 
D) DNA codes for proteins. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 2

A nucleosome is a linear chromosome wound around the

Accepted Answer

A) nuclear membrane. 
B) rRNA. 
C) mRNA. 
D) histone. 
E) nucleolus. 
A) nuclear membrane. 
B) rRNA. 
C) mRNA. 
D) histone. 
E) nucleolus.

Question 3

Groups of three consecutive bases along the DNA of a gene have the code for one

Accepted Answer

A) protein. 
B) nucleotide. 
C) amino acid. 
D) purine. 
A) protein. 
B) nucleotide. 
C) amino acid. 
D) purine.

Question 4

A permanent, inheritable change in the genetic information is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) translation. 
B) transcription. 
C) mutation. 
D) alteration. 
E) regeneration. 
A) translation. 
B) transcription. 
C) mutation. 
D) alteration. 
E) regeneration.

Question 5

Okazaki fragments are attached to the growing end of the lagging strand by

Accepted Answer

A) DNA ligase. 
B) DNA polymerase. 
C) DNA helicase. 
D) DNA gyrase. 
E) primase. 
A) DNA ligase. 
B) DNA polymerase. 
C) DNA helicase. 
D) DNA gyrase. 
E) primase.

Question 6

The antiparallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to

Accepted Answer

A) each base bonding at the 1'position of the sugar. 
B) a purine always bonding to a pyrimidine. 
C) one helix strand that runs from the 5'to 3'direction and the other strand runs from the 3'to 5'direction. 
D) an original parent DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand comprising a new DNA molecule. 
A) each base bonding at the 1'position of the sugar. 
B) a purine always bonding to a pyrimidine. 
C) one helix strand that runs from the 5'to 3'direction and the other strand runs from the 3'to 5'direction. 
D) an original parent DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand comprising a new DNA molecule.

Question 7

Hfr transfer involves all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) gene integration into the bacterial chromosome. 
B) plasmid gene transfer. 
C) F factor is part of the F+ donor chromosome. 
D) high frequency transfer. 
E) a pilus connection between F+ and F- cells. 
A) gene integration into the bacterial chromosome. 
B) plasmid gene transfer. 
C) F factor is part of the F+ donor chromosome. 
D) high frequency transfer. 
E) a pilus connection between F+ and F- cells.

Question 8

Introns have no detectable functions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What type of mutation alters the base, but not the amino acid being coded for?

Accepted Answer

A) silent 
B) back 
C) point 
D) nonsense 
E) missense 
A) silent 
B) back 
C) point 
D) nonsense 
E) missense

Question 10

DNA photolyase, in the presence of visible light, can repair DNA damage due to ultraviolet radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A sequence of bases within a gene that will be transcribed, but removed from the transcript prior to translation is a/an

Accepted Answer

A) promoter. 
B) operator. 
C) operon. 
D) exon. 
E) intron. 
A) promoter. 
B) operator. 
C) operon. 
D) exon. 
E) intron.

Question 12

While studying the infection process and life cycle of a newly discovered virus, it was determined that the virus never entered the nucleus of the host cell.This virus may have any of the following genomes except

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) double-stranded RNA. 
C) single (+) strand RNA. 
D) single (-) strand RNA. 
A) DNA. 
B) double-stranded RNA. 
C) single (+) strand RNA. 
D) single (-) strand RNA.

Question 13

Gene regulation can involve a protein repressor that blocks _____ from initiating transcription.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase I 
B) DNA polymerase III 
C) RNA polymerase 
D) mRNA 
E) rRNA 
A) DNA polymerase I 
B) DNA polymerase III 
C) RNA polymerase 
D) mRNA 
E) rRNA

Question 14

Short interfering RNAs affect gene expression in eukaryotes by

Accepted Answer

A) blocking replication of certain genes. 
B) blocking transcription of certain genes. 
C) binding to mRNAs and preventing translation. 
D) binding to ribosomes, preventing the two subunits from joining. 
A) blocking replication of certain genes. 
B) blocking transcription of certain genes. 
C) binding to mRNAs and preventing translation. 
D) binding to ribosomes, preventing the two subunits from joining.

Question 15

All of the following pertain to nitrogenous bases except

Accepted Answer

A) they form pairs by hydrogen bonding. 
B) guanine pairs with uracil. 
C) adenine pairs with thymine. 
D) cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines. 
E) they allow variation from one nucleotide to another which creates the encoded information. 
A) they form pairs by hydrogen bonding. 
B) guanine pairs with uracil. 
C) adenine pairs with thymine. 
D) cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines. 
E) they allow variation from one nucleotide to another which creates the encoded information.

Question 16

Of the following list, which antibiotics affect protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) penicillin 
B) tetracycline 
C) chloramphenicol 
D) ciprofloxacin 
E) Both tetracycline and chloramphenicol are correct. 
A) penicillin 
B) tetracycline 
C) chloramphenicol 
D) ciprofloxacin 
E) Both tetracycline and chloramphenicol are correct.

Question 17

Which of the following is not true of conjugation?

Accepted Answer

A) involves direct contact between cells 
B) transfers genes for drug resistance 
C) transfers genes for enzymes and adherence molecules 
D) transfers genes for a polysaccharide capsule 
E) The donor retains a copy of the transferred genes. 
A) involves direct contact between cells 
B) transfers genes for drug resistance 
C) transfers genes for enzymes and adherence molecules 
D) transfers genes for a polysaccharide capsule 
E) The donor retains a copy of the transferred genes.

Question 18

The enzyme that can proofreads replicating DNA, detects incorrect bases, excises them, and correctly replaces them is

Accepted Answer

A) DNA ligase. 
B) DNA polymerase. 
C) DNA helicase. 
D) DNA gyrase. 
E) primase. 
A) DNA ligase. 
B) DNA polymerase. 
C) DNA helicase. 
D) DNA gyrase. 
E) primase.

Question 19

Synthesis of a repressible enzyme is inhibited by

Accepted Answer

A) repressor alone bound to operator. 
B) substrate bound to repressor. 
C) substrate bound to promoter. 
D) corepressor and repressor binding to operator. 
A) repressor alone bound to operator. 
B) substrate bound to repressor. 
C) substrate bound to promoter. 
D) corepressor and repressor binding to operator.

Question 20

Each nucleotide is composed of

Accepted Answer

A) one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, one sugar. 
B) one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, two sugars. 
C) two phosphates, one nitrogenous base, one sugar. 
D) two phosphates, one nitrogenous base, two sugars. 
E) one phosphate, two nitrogenous bases, one sugar. 
A) one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, one sugar. 
B) one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, two sugars. 
C) two phosphates, one nitrogenous base, one sugar. 
D) two phosphates, one nitrogenous base, two sugars. 
E) one phosphate, two nitrogenous bases, one sugar.

Exam 9: Microbial Genetics

Which of the following additions have been made to principles of the central dogma of biology?

A nucleosome is a linear chromosome wound around the

Groups of three consecutive bases along the DNA of a gene have the code for one

A permanent, inheritable change in the genetic information is called a(n)

Okazaki fragments are attached to the growing end of the lagging strand by

The antiparallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to

Hfr transfer involves all of the following except

Introns have no detectable functions.

What type of mutation alters the base, but not the amino acid being coded for?

DNA photolyase, in the presence of visible light, can repair DNA damage due to ultraviolet radiation.

A sequence of bases within a gene that will be transcribed, but removed from the transcript prior to translation is a/an

While studying the infection process and life cycle of a newly discovered virus, it was determined that the virus never entered the nucleus of the host cell.This virus may have any of the following genomes except

Gene regulation can involve a protein repressor that blocks _____ from initiating transcription.

Short interfering RNAs affect gene expression in eukaryotes by

All of the following pertain to nitrogenous bases except

Of the following list, which antibiotics affect protein synthesis?

Which of the following is not true of conjugation?

The enzyme that can proofreads replicating DNA, detects incorrect bases, excises them, and correctly replaces them is

Synthesis of a repressible enzyme is inhibited by

Each nucleotide is composed of

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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