Question 1

Moist heat is more efficient at killing microbes and is effective at lower temperatures or shorter exposure times than dry heat.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The thermal death time for

Accepted Answer

A) The thermal death time will be longer. 
B) The thermal death time will be shorter. 
C) There will be no change in thermal death time. 
D) There is not enough information to make this prediction. 
E) coli at 63°C was determined to be 20 minutes.Predict the affect on thermal death time if the temperature is increased to 67°C. 
A) The thermal death time will be longer. 
B) The thermal death time will be shorter. 
C) There will be no change in thermal death time. 
D) There is not enough information to make this prediction. 
E) coli at 63°C was determined to be 20 minutes.Predict the affect on thermal death time if the temperature is increased to 67°C. B

Question 3

Discuss the technique of filtration as a microbial control method, why it's utilized, and specific materials that are filtered.

Accepted Answer

Filtration is a microbial control method that involves passing a liquid or gas through a filter to remove microorganisms. This technique is utilized to ensure the removal of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms from liquids and gases, particularly in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, and water treatment.

Filtration is an effective method for microbial control because it physically separates microorganisms from the liquid or gas, rather than relying on chemical agents or heat. This makes it a preferred method for preserving the integrity and quality of sensitive materials, such as pharmaceutical products and beverages, where exposure to chemicals or high temperatures could be detrimental.

Specific materials that are commonly filtered include water, air, pharmaceutical products, beverages, and food products. For example, in the pharmaceutical industry, filtration is used to remove bacteria and other contaminants from drug solutions and injectable products. In the food and beverage industry, filtration is utilized to remove microorganisms from juices, beer, and dairy products. In water treatment, filtration is essential for removing bacteria and other pathogens from drinking water.

The materials used for filtration can vary depending on the specific application, but commonly used filter materials include cellulose, activated carbon, ceramic, and membrane filters. These filters are designed to effectively trap and remove microorganisms while allowing the desired liquid or gas to pass through. Overall, filtration is a crucial microbial control method that plays a vital role in ensuring the safety and quality of various products and processes.

Question 4

Using toilet bowl cleaner and nonionizing radiation on inanimate surfaces only removes or kills vegetative bacteria.The term that best describes this action is

Accepted Answer

A) sterilization. 
B) disinfection. 
C) antisepsis. 
D) degermation. 
A) sterilization. 
B) disinfection. 
C) antisepsis. 
D) degermation.

Question 5

All the following are correct about detergents, except

Accepted Answer

A) they are polar molecules that act as surfactants. 
B) the most effective ones are positively charged. 
C) in low concentrations they are bacteriostatic. 
D) they are ineffective against the tuberculosis bacteria. 
E) they are active in the presence of organic matter. 
A) they are polar molecules that act as surfactants. 
B) the most effective ones are positively charged. 
C) in low concentrations they are bacteriostatic. 
D) they are ineffective against the tuberculosis bacteria. 
E) they are active in the presence of organic matter.

Question 6

Disinfection of beverages, such as apple juice, milk, and wine, is optimally achieved by

Accepted Answer

A) pasteurization. 
B) chlorination. 
C) moist heat autoclave. 
D) filtration. 
E) boiling water. 
A) pasteurization. 
B) chlorination. 
C) moist heat autoclave. 
D) filtration. 
E) boiling water.

Question 7

Which of the following sequences of DNA would most likely be damaged by UV radiation?

Accepted Answer

A) AGTACGCAT 
B) AGTTCGCTT 
C) AGAGCGCAT 
D) ATAGAGCGC 
A) AGTACGCAT 
B) AGTTCGCTT 
C) AGAGCGCAT 
D) ATAGAGCGC

Question 8

All of the following are benefits of food irradiation, except

Accepted Answer

A) it can kill bacterial pathogens on the food. 
B) it can kill insects on the food. 
C) it can inhibit the sprouting of white potatoes. 
D) it can reduce the number of food-borne deaths each year. 
E) it makes the food less nutritious. 
A) it can kill bacterial pathogens on the food. 
B) it can kill insects on the food. 
C) it can inhibit the sprouting of white potatoes. 
D) it can reduce the number of food-borne deaths each year. 
E) it makes the food less nutritious.

Question 9

Which of the following is officially accepted as a sterilant and high-level disinfectant?

Accepted Answer

A) benzalkonium chloride 
B) silver nitrate 
C) glutaraldehyde 
D) triclosan 
E) cresol 
A) benzalkonium chloride 
B) silver nitrate 
C) glutaraldehyde 
D) triclosan 
E) cresol

Question 10

A method for sterilizing milk, called _____ temperature treatment, uses 134°C for 1 to 2 seconds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A method for sterilizing milk, called _____...

Question 11

The process that destroys or removes all microorganisms and microbial forms including bacterial endospores is

Accepted Answer

A) disinfection. 
B) sterilization. 
C) antisepsis. 
D) sanitization. 
E) degermation. 
A) disinfection. 
B) sterilization. 
C) antisepsis. 
D) sanitization. 
E) degermation.

Question 12

Triclosan, a common ingredient in antimicrobial hand soaps available to consumers, has recently been banned by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration).All of the following are concerns regarding the use of triclosan, except

Accepted Answer

A) Scientific evidence does not demonstrate that triclosan-supplemented soaps are any more effective than plain soap and water for hand hygiene. 
B) There are concerns that triclosan may be a hormone disruptor. 
C) Wide spread use of triclosan may favor the survival and growth and of highly resistant bacteria. 
D) Wide spread regular use of triclosan could interfere with the maintenance of healthy normal microbiota. 
E) These are all concerns that have been expressed about triclosan use.There are no exceptions here. 
A) Scientific evidence does not demonstrate that triclosan-supplemented soaps are any more effective than plain soap and water for hand hygiene. 
B) There are concerns that triclosan may be a hormone disruptor. 
C) Wide spread use of triclosan may favor the survival and growth and of highly resistant bacteria. 
D) Wide spread regular use of triclosan could interfere with the maintenance of healthy normal microbiota. 
E) These are all concerns that have been expressed about triclosan use.There are no exceptions here.

Question 13

All of the following are correct about food irradiation, except

Accepted Answer

A) food is not made radioactive by the process. 
B) the World Health Organization does not endorse this process. 
C) it is approved in the U.S.for beef, chicken, and pork. 
D) it can lead to a longer shelf life for the irradiated food. 
E) no irradiated food can be sold without clear labeling. 
A) food is not made radioactive by the process. 
B) the World Health Organization does not endorse this process. 
C) it is approved in the U.S.for beef, chicken, and pork. 
D) it can lead to a longer shelf life for the irradiated food. 
E) no irradiated food can be sold without clear labeling.

Question 14

Electrons are ejected from atoms in cells when organisms are exposed to

Accepted Answer

A) dessication. 
B) ultraviolet light. 
C) ethyl alcohol. 
D) hydrogen peroxide. 
E) gamma rays and X-rays. 
A) dessication. 
B) ultraviolet light. 
C) ethyl alcohol. 
D) hydrogen peroxide. 
E) gamma rays and X-rays.

Question 15

_____ heat is more rapidly effective and efficient compared to _____ heat.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ heat is more rapidly effective and...

Question 16

Which of the following microbial forms have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls?

Accepted Answer

A) naked viruses 
B) protozoan cysts 
C) fungal spores 
D) bacterial endospores 
E) yeast 
A) naked viruses 
B) protozoan cysts 
C) fungal spores 
D) bacterial endospores 
E) yeast

Question 17

_____ filters are widely used to provide a flow of sterile air to hospital rooms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ filters are widely used to provide...

Question 18

Which of the following is being used to replace hypochlorites in treating water because of the possibility of cancer-causing substances being produced?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen peroxide 
B) chloramines 
C) fluorine 
D) quaternary ammonium compounds 
E) sodium iodide 
A) hydrogen peroxide 
B) chloramines 
C) fluorine 
D) quaternary ammonium compounds 
E) sodium iodide

Question 19

Which of the following does not contain a heavy metal?

Accepted Answer

A) tincture of iodine 
B) merthiolate 
C) silver nitrate solutions 
D) zinc 
E) mercurochrome 
A) tincture of iodine 
B) merthiolate 
C) silver nitrate solutions 
D) zinc 
E) mercurochrome

Question 20

Which of the following types of agents targets protein conformation?

Accepted Answer

A) detergents 
B) ultraviolet light 
C) alcohol 
D) hydrogen peroxide 
E) crystal violet 
A) detergents 
B) ultraviolet light 
C) alcohol 
D) hydrogen peroxide 
E) crystal violet

Exam 11: Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Moist heat is more efficient at killing microbes and is effective at lower temperatures or shorter exposure times than dry heat.

The thermal death time for

Discuss the technique of filtration as a microbial control method, why it's utilized, and specific materials that are filtered.

Using toilet bowl cleaner and nonionizing radiation on inanimate surfaces only removes or kills vegetative bacteria.The term that best describes this action is

All the following are correct about detergents, except

Disinfection of beverages, such as apple juice, milk, and wine, is optimally achieved by

Which of the following sequences of DNA would most likely be damaged by UV radiation?

All of the following are benefits of food irradiation, except

Which of the following is officially accepted as a sterilant and high-level disinfectant?

A method for sterilizing milk, called _____ temperature treatment, uses 134°C for 1 to 2 seconds.

The process that destroys or removes all microorganisms and microbial forms including bacterial endospores is

Triclosan, a common ingredient in antimicrobial hand soaps available to consumers, has recently been banned by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration).All of the following are concerns regarding the use of triclosan, except

All of the following are correct about food irradiation, except

Electrons are ejected from atoms in cells when organisms are exposed to

_____ heat is more rapidly effective and efficient compared to _____ heat.

Which of the following microbial forms have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls?

_____ filters are widely used to provide a flow of sterile air to hospital rooms.

Which of the following is being used to replace hypochlorites in treating water because of the possibility of cancer-causing substances being produced?

Which of the following does not contain a heavy metal?

Which of the following types of agents targets protein conformation?

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Filters

_ heat is more rapidly effective and efficient compared to _ heat.