Question 1

Important characteristics of antimicrobic drugs include

Accepted Answer

A) readily delivered to the site of infection. 
B) high toxicity against microbial cells. 
C) do not cause serious side effects in humans. 
D) remains active in body tissues and fluids. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) readily delivered to the site of infection. 
B) high toxicity against microbial cells. 
C) do not cause serious side effects in humans. 
D) remains active in body tissues and fluids. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 2

An antimicrobic with a low therapeutic index is a safer choice compared to a drug with a high therapeutic index.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The most versatile and useful antifungal drug that is used to treat serious systemic fungal infections is

Accepted Answer

A) nystatin. 
B) griseofulvin. 
C) amphotericin B. 
D) sulfa drugs. 
E) metronidazole. 
A) nystatin. 
B) griseofulvin. 
C) amphotericin B. 
D) sulfa drugs. 
E) metronidazole.

Question 4

The MIC is the smallest concentration of an antimicrobic required to inhibit the growth of the microbe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of these drugs is useful in treating infections by methicillin-resistant S.aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus?

Accepted Answer

A) tetracycline 
B) isoniazid 
C) linezolid 
D) aminoglycosides 
E) cephalosporins 
A) tetracycline 
B) isoniazid 
C) linezolid 
D) aminoglycosides 
E) cephalosporins

Question 6

Why has the United States and Europe banned the use of human drugs in animal feeds?

Accepted Answer

A) Because it makes the animals grow too large. 
B) Because it causes infections in the cows and poultry fed them. 
C) Because it raises the price of the meat too high. 
D) Because it contributes to the growing drug resistance problem. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) Because it makes the animals grow too large. 
B) Because it causes infections in the cows and poultry fed them. 
C) Because it raises the price of the meat too high. 
D) Because it contributes to the growing drug resistance problem. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 7

Antimicrobics effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed

Accepted Answer

A) antibiotics. 
B) narrow-spectrum drugs. 
C) semisynthetic drugs. 
D) synthetic drugs. 
E) broad-spectrum drugs. 
A) antibiotics. 
B) narrow-spectrum drugs. 
C) semisynthetic drugs. 
D) synthetic drugs. 
E) broad-spectrum drugs.

Question 8

Broad-spectrum drugs that disrupt the body's normal flora often cause

Accepted Answer

A) nephrotoxicity. 
B) superinfections. 
C) allergic reactions. 
D) drug toxicity. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) nephrotoxicity. 
B) superinfections. 
C) allergic reactions. 
D) drug toxicity. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 9

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobics include

Accepted Answer

A) bacterial chromosomal mutations. 
B) synthesis of enzymes that alter drug structure. 
C) prevention of drug entry into the cell. 
D) alteration of drug receptors on cell targets. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) bacterial chromosomal mutations. 
B) synthesis of enzymes that alter drug structure. 
C) prevention of drug entry into the cell. 
D) alteration of drug receptors on cell targets. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a mode of action of an antiviral?

Accepted Answer

A) Block viral entry into a host cell 
B) Block transcription and translation 
C) Inhibit DNA synthesis 
D) Block maturation 
E) Bond to ergosterol in the cell membrane 
A) Block viral entry into a host cell 
B) Block transcription and translation 
C) Inhibit DNA synthesis 
D) Block maturation 
E) Bond to ergosterol in the cell membrane

Question 11

Ciprofloxacin is used to treat viral respiratory infections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The major source of naturally-produced penicillin is the mold _____.

Accepted Answer

Penicilliu

Question 13

Antimicrobics that are macrolides

Accepted Answer

A) disrupt cell membrane function. 
B) include tetracyclines. 
C) include azithromycin, clarithromcyin, and erythromycin. 
D) are very narrow-spectrum drugs. 
E) are hepatotoxic. 
A) disrupt cell membrane function. 
B) include tetracyclines. 
C) include azithromycin, clarithromcyin, and erythromycin. 
D) are very narrow-spectrum drugs. 
E) are hepatotoxic.

Question 14

Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the intestines are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial...

Question 15

The drug that can cause aplastic anemia, and is used to treat typhoid fever and brain abscesses is

Accepted Answer

A) chloramphenicol. 
B) clindamycin. 
C) ciprofloxacin. 
D) bacitracin. 
E) gentamicin. 
A) chloramphenicol. 
B) clindamycin. 
C) ciprofloxacin. 
D) bacitracin. 
E) gentamicin.

Question 16

A superinfection results from

Accepted Answer

A) build up of a drug to toxic levels in the patient. 
B) the wrong drug administered to the patient. 
C) an immune system reaction to the drug. 
D) decrease in most normal flora with overgrowth of an unaffected species. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) build up of a drug to toxic levels in the patient. 
B) the wrong drug administered to the patient. 
C) an immune system reaction to the drug. 
D) decrease in most normal flora with overgrowth of an unaffected species. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 17

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug, this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

One of the greatest challenges in development of antivirals is finding drugs that are

Accepted Answer

A) administered orally. 
B) absorbed by the GI tract. 
C) not likely to disrupt the normal microbiota of the patient. 
D) selectively toxic for viruses. 
A) administered orally. 
B) absorbed by the GI tract. 
C) not likely to disrupt the normal microbiota of the patient. 
D) selectively toxic for viruses.

Question 19

Which organ is responsible for metabolizing and detoxifying foreign chemicals in the blood, including drugs?

Accepted Answer

A) liver 
B) kidneys 
C) gallbladder 
D) spleen 
E) stomach 
A) liver 
B) kidneys 
C) gallbladder 
D) spleen 
E) stomach

Question 20

Sulfonamides

Accepted Answer

A) interfere with elongation of peptidoglycan. 
B) are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis. 
C) attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis. 
D) damage cell membranes. 
E) block peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules. 
A) interfere with elongation of peptidoglycan. 
B) are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis. 
C) attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis. 
D) damage cell membranes. 
E) block peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules.

Exam 12: Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

Important characteristics of antimicrobic drugs include

An antimicrobic with a low therapeutic index is a safer choice compared to a drug with a high therapeutic index.

The most versatile and useful antifungal drug that is used to treat serious systemic fungal infections is

The MIC is the smallest concentration of an antimicrobic required to inhibit the growth of the microbe.

Which of these drugs is useful in treating infections by methicillin-resistant S.aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus?

Why has the United States and Europe banned the use of human drugs in animal feeds?

Antimicrobics effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed

Broad-spectrum drugs that disrupt the body's normal flora often cause

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobics include

Which of the following is not a mode of action of an antiviral?

Ciprofloxacin is used to treat viral respiratory infections.

The major source of naturally-produced penicillin is the mold _____.

Antimicrobics that are macrolides

Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the intestines are called ________.

The drug that can cause aplastic anemia, and is used to treat typhoid fever and brain abscesses is

A superinfection results from

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug, this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

One of the greatest challenges in development of antivirals is finding drugs that are

Which organ is responsible for metabolizing and detoxifying foreign chemicals in the blood, including drugs?

Sulfonamides

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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