Question 1

_____ carriers are shedding and transmitting pathogens while they are recovering from an infectious disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ carriers are shedding and transmitting pathogens...

Question 2

Adhesive pili, exotoxins, and capsules are all microbial factors that help them establish infection.These are examples of

Accepted Answer

A) virulence factors. 
B) infectivity factors. 
C) pathogenicity factors, 
D) exogenous factors. 
A) virulence factors. 
B) infectivity factors. 
C) pathogenicity factors, 
D) exogenous factors.

Question 3

All of the following genera are considered resident microbiota of skin sites, except

Accepted Answer

A) Escherichia. 
B) Staphylococcus. 
C) Corynebacterium. 
D) Micrococcus. 
E) Mycobacterium. 
A) Escherichia. 
B) Staphylococcus. 
C) Corynebacterium. 
D) Micrococcus. 
E) Mycobacterium.

Question 4

Which genus is resident flora of the mouth, large intestine, and, from puberty to menopause, the vagina?

Accepted Answer

A) Lactobacillus 
B) Streptococcus 
C) Haemophilus 
D) Escherichia 
E) Mycobacterium 
A) Lactobacillus 
B) Streptococcus 
C) Haemophilus 
D) Escherichia 
E) Mycobacterium

Question 5

Most of the skin's resident flora is found in the uppermost, superficial layers of the epidermis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A student has their teeth cleaned.The hygienist nicks their gum tissue.The student develops endocarditis due to Streptococcus.What kind of pattern of infection is this?

Accepted Answer

A) localized 
B) mixed infection 
C) focal 
D) systemic 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) localized 
B) mixed infection 
C) focal 
D) systemic 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 7

Animals that participate in the life cycles of pathogens and transmit pathogens from host to host are

Accepted Answer

A) fomites. 
B) aerosols. 
C) mechanical vectors. 
D) droplet nuclei. 
E) biological vectors. 
A) fomites. 
B) aerosols. 
C) mechanical vectors. 
D) droplet nuclei. 
E) biological vectors.

Question 8

A laboratory technologist splashed a blood specimen onto his face, eyes, nose, and mouth.This specimen was from an HIV positive patient.If this blood exposure leads to HIV infection in the technologist, the transmission route is

Accepted Answer

A) direct. 
B) fomite. 
C) vehicle. 
D) droplet nuclei. 
E) aerosol. 
A) direct. 
B) fomite. 
C) vehicle. 
D) droplet nuclei. 
E) aerosol.

Question 9

Exotoxins are

Accepted Answer

A) proteins. 
B) only released after a cell is damaged or lysed. 
C) antiphagocytic factors. 
D) secretions that always target nervous tissue. 
E) lipopolysaccharides. 
A) proteins. 
B) only released after a cell is damaged or lysed. 
C) antiphagocytic factors. 
D) secretions that always target nervous tissue. 
E) lipopolysaccharides.

Question 10

The initial, brief period of early, general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches, is the

Accepted Answer

A) prodromal stage. 
B) convalescent stage. 
C) incubation period. 
D) period of invasion. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) prodromal stage. 
B) convalescent stage. 
C) incubation period. 
D) period of invasion. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 11

Discuss 5 specific contributing factors in the occurrence of health-care-associated infections, and then discuss 3 actions that can help decrease their rate at health care facilities.

Accepted Answer

Health-care-associated infections (HAIs)

Question 12

Resident microbiota are found in/on the

Accepted Answer

A) skin. 
B) mouth. 
C) nasal passages. 
D) large intestine. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) skin. 
B) mouth. 
C) nasal passages. 
D) large intestine. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 13

_____ are a set of criteria used to identify and link a specific microorganism as the etiologic agent of a new infectious disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ are a set of criteria used...

Question 14

Which is not the terminology used for resident flora?

Accepted Answer

A) Pathogenic flora 
B) Normal flora 
C) Indigenous flora 
D) Normal microflora 
E) all of these choices are correct. 
A) Pathogenic flora 
B) Normal flora 
C) Indigenous flora 
D) Normal microflora 
E) all of these choices are correct.

Question 15

The virulence factors of a pathogen are established by how strong or weak a patient's body defenses are at the time of infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which portal of entry is the most commonly used by pathogens?

Accepted Answer

A) urogenital 
B) gastrointestinal 
C) respiratory 
D) skin 
E) They are all equally used as portals. 
A) urogenital 
B) gastrointestinal 
C) respiratory 
D) skin 
E) They are all equally used as portals.

Question 17

When would Koch's Postulates be utilized?

Accepted Answer

A) to determine the cause of a patient's illness in a hospital microbiology lab 
B) to develop a new antibiotic in a pharmaceutical lab 
C) to determine the cause of a new disease in a microbiology research lab 
D) to formulate a vaccine against a new pathogen in a genetic engineering lab 
E) whenever the scientific method is used to investigate a microbiological problem 
A) to determine the cause of a patient's illness in a hospital microbiology lab 
B) to develop a new antibiotic in a pharmaceutical lab 
C) to determine the cause of a new disease in a microbiology research lab 
D) to formulate a vaccine against a new pathogen in a genetic engineering lab 
E) whenever the scientific method is used to investigate a microbiological problem

Question 18

An animal, such as an arthropod, that transmits a pathogen from one host to another is a

Accepted Answer

A) fomite. 
B) carrier. 
C) vector. 
D) reservoir. 
E) source. 
A) fomite. 
B) carrier. 
C) vector. 
D) reservoir. 
E) source.

Question 19

Virulence factors include all the following, except

Accepted Answer

A) capsules. 
B) ribosomes. 
C) exoenzymes. 
D) endotoxin. 
E) exotoxin. 
A) capsules. 
B) ribosomes. 
C) exoenzymes. 
D) endotoxin. 
E) exotoxin.

Question 20

Of the sites listed below, which is most likely to be free of any normal microbiota?

Accepted Answer

A) large intestine 
B) uterus 
C) nasopharynx 
D) vagina 
A) large intestine 
B) uterus 
C) nasopharynx 
D) vagina

Exam 13: Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

_____ carriers are shedding and transmitting pathogens while they are recovering from an infectious disease.

Adhesive pili, exotoxins, and capsules are all microbial factors that help them establish infection.These are examples of

All of the following genera are considered resident microbiota of skin sites, except

Which genus is resident flora of the mouth, large intestine, and, from puberty to menopause, the vagina?

Most of the skin's resident flora is found in the uppermost, superficial layers of the epidermis.

A student has their teeth cleaned.The hygienist nicks their gum tissue.The student develops endocarditis due to Streptococcus.What kind of pattern of infection is this?

Animals that participate in the life cycles of pathogens and transmit pathogens from host to host are

A laboratory technologist splashed a blood specimen onto his face, eyes, nose, and mouth.This specimen was from an HIV positive patient.If this blood exposure leads to HIV infection in the technologist, the transmission route is

Exotoxins are

The initial, brief period of early, general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches, is the

Discuss 5 specific contributing factors in the occurrence of health-care-associated infections, and then discuss 3 actions that can help decrease their rate at health care facilities.

Resident microbiota are found in/on the

_____ are a set of criteria used to identify and link a specific microorganism as the etiologic agent of a new infectious disease.

Which is not the terminology used for resident flora?

The virulence factors of a pathogen are established by how strong or weak a patient's body defenses are at the time of infection.

Which portal of entry is the most commonly used by pathogens?

When would Koch's Postulates be utilized?

An animal, such as an arthropod, that transmits a pathogen from one host to another is a

Virulence factors include all the following, except

Of the sites listed below, which is most likely to be free of any normal microbiota?

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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